Explain the terms of preferred number and standardization.
1 Answer
Answer :
i) Preferred number: Preferred numbers (also called preferred values) are standard guidelines for choosing exact product dimensions within a given set of constraints. The system is based on the use of geometric progressive to develop a set of numbers. Preferred numbers are used to specify the specification because a company may manufacture different models of same product. There are four basic series, denoted by R5, R10, R20, R40 which increases in steps of 58%, 26%, 12%, 6% respectively. Each series has its own series factor given below,
Standardization: It is defined as obligatory norms to which various characteristics of a product should conform. The characteristics include materials, dimensions and shape of the component, method of testing and method of marking, packing and storing of the product.
Advantages of Standardization:-
1. Interchangeability of product or element is possible.
2. Mass production is easy.
3. Rate of production increases.
4. Reduction in labour cost.
5. Limits the variety of size and shape of product.
6. Overall reduction in cost of production.
7. Improves overall performance, quality and efficiency of product.
8. Better utilization of labour, machine and time