Enlist the components of computer network. Describe any one in brief.

Enlist the components of computer network. Describe any one in brief.
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1 Answer

Answer :

The components of computer network are:

Hub

Router

Modem

Bridge

Switches

Network Interface Card

Cables and connectors

Crimping tool

LAN tester


Explanation:

1) HUB: Hub is a connecting device, it is also known as multiport repeater.

It is normally used for connecting stations in a physical star topology

All networks require a central location to bring media segments together.

These central locations are called hubs. A hub organizes the cables and relays signals to the other media segments. There are three main types of hubs:

1) Passive

2) Active

3) Intelligent

Passive Hubs: A passive hubs simply combines the signals of a network segments. There is no signal processing or regeneration. Apassive hub reduces the cabling distance by half because it does not boost the signals and in fact absorbs some of the signal. With the passive hub each computer receives the signal sent from all the other computers connected to the hub.


Active hubs: They are like passive hubs but have electronic components for regeneration and amplification of signals. by using active hubs the distance between devices can be increased.

The main drawback of active hubs is that the amplify noise along with the signals. They are also much expensive than passive hubs.

Intelligent hubs: in addition to signal regeneration, intelligent hubs perform some network management and intelligent path selection. One advantage to this is that all transmission media segment can be connected permanently because each segment will be used only when a signal is sent to a device using that segment.


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2) ROUTER: Router is a device that connects 2 or more networks. It consist of hardware and software .hardware includes the physical interfaces to the various networks in the internetwork. Software in a router is OS and routing protocols management software. 1) Router use logical and physical addressing to connect two or more logically separate networks. 2) They accomplish this connection by organizing the large network into logical network called subnets. 3) Each of the subnet is given a logical address. This allows the network to be separate but still access to each other and exchange data. 4) Data is grouped into packets. Each packet has physical device address and logical network address.


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3) MODEM: Modem works as modulator as well as demodulator. Modem converts analog signal to digital signal and vice versa. In case of networking data has to be transferred from one location to another location. At present to transfer such data whatever the infrastructure(PSTN) is available .it is of analog technology but computer sends digital data to transfer this data to another location it is needed to convert into analog format so that it can be transferred by using currently available infrastructure. 


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