Description : 'Diffusion hypoxia’ is likely to occur only after use of nitrous oxide because it: A. Is a respiratory depressant B. Has low blood solubility and is used in high concentration C. Is a very potent anaesthetic D. Interferes with diffusion of oxygen into the tissues
Last Answer : B. Has low blood solubility and is used in high concentration
Description : Presence of nitrogen in high concentration in contaminated air reduces partial pressure of oxygen in lungs, thereby causing asphyxia (suffocation) leading to death from oxygen deficiency. Concentration of N2 in contaminated air at ... asphyxiate is ≥ __________ percent. (A) 84 (B) 88 (C) 80 (D) 92
Last Answer : (A) 84
Description : An Afro-Carribean male aged 48 years presents with gradual onset of exertional dyspnoea, non productive cough, malaise, weight loss and polyarthralgia. Schirmers test indicates a dry eye. X-ray ... 2) Serum phosphorus 3) Urea and electrolytes 4) Thallium Scan 5) Quantitative Immunoglobulins.
Last Answer : Answers-4 This condition is sarcoidosis. Serum calcium, Serum phosphorus, Chem7 and Chem 20 and Quantitative Immunoglobulins are all used in establishing the diagnosis. Gallium scan is helpful in ... areas of poor perfusion. It is particularly used in cardiology to detect areas of ischaemia.
Description : What is caused due to the permanent damage caused to any part of brain tissues due to inadequate supply of blood?
Last Answer : Stroke
Description : Oxytocin is preferred over ergometrine for augmenting labour because: A. It has brief and titratable action B. It is less likely to cause foetal anoxia C. It is less likely to impede foetal descent D. All of the above
Last Answer : D. All of the above
Description : Assertion `:-` While ascending up a mountain , one gets less oxygen resulting in hypoxia. Reason `:-` Percentage of oxygen decreases in the air at hig
Last Answer : Assertion `:-` While ascending up a mountain , one gets less oxygen resulting in hypoxia. Reason `:- ... . D. If both Assertion & Reason are false.
Description : Presence of carbon monoxide in atmosphere produced by decomposition of chlorophyll and haemoglobin breakdown of some animals, beyond TLV (>50 ppm) (A) Acts as a green house gas thereby raising earth's ... (B) Causes asphyxia (C) Causes increase in sea level (D) Enhances the green house effect
Last Answer : (B) Causes asphyxia
Description : How much oxygen, blood supplies to tissues in one circulation in normal condition `,-`
Last Answer : How much oxygen, blood supplies to tissues in one circulation in normal condition `,-` A. `75%` B. `4%` C. `25%` D. `20%`
Description : Signs and symptoms that commonly suggest cardiac failure in a patient being assessed for oral surgery are, A. Elevated temperature and nausea B. Palpitations and malaise C. Ankle oedema and dyspnoea D. Erythema and pain E. Pallor and tremor
Last Answer : C. Ankle oedema and dyspnoea
Description : Intravenous furosemide promptly mitigates dyspnoea in acute left ventricular failure by: A. Producing bronchodilatation B. Causing rapid diuresis and reducing circulating blood volume C. Increasing venous capacitance and reducing cardiac preload. D. Stimulating left ventricular contractility
Last Answer : C. Increasing venous capacitance and reducing cardiac preload.
Description : Morphine affords symptomatic relief of dyspnoea in acute left ventricular failure by the following mechanisms except: A. Bronchodilatation B. Depression of respiratory centre C. Reduction in cardiac preload D. Shift of blood from pulmonary to systemic circuit
Last Answer : A. Bronchodilatation
Description : When the nurse observes that the postoperative patient demonstrates a constant low level of oxygen saturation, although the patient's breathing appears normal, the nurse identifies that the patient may ... , and cardiac arrest. d) Anemic Anemic hypoxemia results from blood loss during surgery.
Last Answer : a) Subacute Supplemental oxygen may be indicated.
Description : Factors that decrease collagen synthesis include all of the following except: A. Protein depletion. B. Infection. C. Anemia. D. Advanced age. E. Hypoxia.
Last Answer : Answer: C DISCUSSION: Collagen synthesis, an integral part of wound healing, is affected by many local and systemic factors. Protein depletion impairs fibroplasia. Hypoproteinemia leads to diminution of ... more than any other factor, wound infection is associated with the risk of wound failure
Description : Which of the following statements concerning monitoring techniques in the intensive care unit are true? A. Pulmonary artery and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure readings should be made ... clinical conditions not associated with tissue hypoxia, including liver disease and hypermetabolic states.
Last Answer : Answer: BD DISCUSSION: Many different monitoring techniques may be used to assess the adequacy of therapy for shock. The pulmonary artery catheter can provide important hemodynamic and oxygen ... also be seen with liver disease, toxin ingestion, and hypermetabolic states not associated with shock
Description : With regard to cerebral autoregulation: a. cerebral blood flow is constant over a diastolic blood pressure of 60 to 140 mmHg b. autoregulation is lost during the acute phase of subarachnoid haemorrhage c. it is impaired in hypercapnia d. it is impaired in hypoxia
Last Answer : it is impaired in hypoxia
Description : With regard to cerebral blood flow: a. is dependent on the intracranial pressure b. is increased by hypoxia c. is reduced by hypercapnia d. is increased by hypothermia
Last Answer : is increased by hypoxia
Description : The cerebral blood flow: a. is increased by hypercapnia b. is increased by hypoxia c. accounts for 15% of the total cardiac output d. all above
Last Answer : all above
Description : A person suffering from carbon monoxide poisoning a) appears intoxicated. A person suffering from carbon monoxide poisoning appears intoxicated (from cerebral hypoxia). Other signs and symptoms include headache, ... pink to cherry red to cynanotic and pale and is not a reliable diagnostic sign.
Last Answer : a) appears intoxicated. A person suffering from carbon monoxide poisoning appears intoxicated (from cerebral hypoxia). Other signs and symptoms include headache, muscular weakness, palpitation, dizziness, and mental confusion.
Description : A classic sign of cardiogenic shock is a) Tissue hypoperfusion Tissue hypoperfusion is manifested as cerebral hypoxia (restlessness, confusion, agitation). b) High blood pressure Low blood pressure is ... . d) Increased urinary output Decreased urinary output is a classic sign of cardiogenic shock.
Last Answer : a) Tissue hypoperfusion Tissue hypoperfusion is manifested as cerebral hypoxia (restlessness, confusion, agitation).
Description : When performing endotracheal suctioning, the nurse applies suctioning while withdrawing and gently rotating the catheter 360 degrees for which of the following time periods? a) 10-15 seconds In general ... suction for 0-5 seconds would provide too little time for effective suctioning of secretions.
Last Answer : a) 10-15 seconds In general, the nurse should apply suction no longer than 10-15 seconds because hypoxia and dysrhythmias may develop, leading to cardiac arrest.
Description : Critical zone of hypoxia begins at
Last Answer : 20,000 ft
Description : If the symptoms of hyperventilation occur at an altitude where hypoxia is not a consideration, what is the correct remedial action
Last Answer : decrease rate and depth of breathing
Description : What is one of the initial indications of HYPOXIA
Last Answer : impaired judgment
Description : The Critical Zone of hypoxia begins at: a. 18,000ft b. 20,000ft c. 23,000ft d. 3,600ft
Last Answer : b. 20,000ft
Description : A patient on the dental chair has cardiac arrest. What is INCORRECT, A. Observing the vital signs and check that the air way is clear is at high importance B. Expired air has 15% O2 only, ... D. Intermittent positive pressure is better than mouth to mouth when it has been given at the same rate.
Last Answer : C. Intermittent positive pressure at the rate of 40/min will reduce the chances of cerebral hypoxia
Description : With view to Nitrous Oxide what is the major pharmacological problem? A. Contraindicated in pregnancy B. Contra indicated in cardiac dysrhythmias C. Diffusion hypoxia at the end of the case due to slow solubility of the agent in blood
Last Answer : C. Diffusion hypoxia at the end of the case due to slow solubility of the agent in blood
Description : Which of the following is correct about Nitrous Oxide N2O: A. N2O has high analgesic and low anaesthetic property at its minimum anaesthetic dose. Low MAC; Max Anaesthetic Concentration B. Absolutely ... C. Has low blood diffusibility and result in hypoxia D. It is good anaesthetic and low MAC
Last Answer : C. Has low blood diffusibility and result in hypoxia
Description : An acute disease becomes _____ when the body is incapable of ridding itself of the pathogen, while a local disease becomes ______ when it disseminates to deeper organs and tissues. a. Contagious; Systemic b. Contagious; Secondary c. Chronic; Systemic d. Chronic; Secondary
Last Answer : c. Chronic; Systemic
Description : Plants are dried up in winter due to frost because – (1) Evaporation does not take place (2) Photosynthesis does not take place at such low temperature (3) Respiration does not take place at low temperature (4) There is mechanical loss of tissues and drought condition prevails
Last Answer : (4) There is mechanical loss of tissues and drought condition prevails Explanation: Respiration does not rely on the sun, so it is possible for plants to respire around the clock. The rate of respiration ... drought in that frozen water is unavailable to the plant. The air is very dry as well.
Description : The condition known as pseudomembranous colitis is associated with a. Excessive antibiotic use in the intestine. b. Invasion of the tissues by Streptococcus mutans. c. Swollen lymph nodes. d. The secondary stage of syphilis.
Last Answer : a. Excessive antibiotic use in the intestine.
Description : Which of the following terms refers to enlarged, red, and tender lymph nodes? a) Lymphadenitis Acute lymphadenitis is demonstrated by enlarged, red and tender lymph nodes. b) Lymphangitis ... refers to a condition in which chronic swelling of the extremity recedes only slightly with elevation.
Last Answer : a) Lymphadenitis Acute lymphadenitis is demonstrated by enlarged, red and tender lymph nodes.
Description : Plants are dried up in winter due to frost because (1) Evaporation does not take place (2) Photosynthesis does not take place at such low temperature (3) Respiration does not take place at low temperature (4) There is mechanical loss of tissues and drought condition prevails
Last Answer : There is mechanical loss of tissues and drought condition prevails
Description : Minute, circular discs floating in the blood, which carry oxygen to the tissues, and carbon dioxide away from them, are called (a) White blood corpuscles (WBC) (b) Red blood corpuscles (RBC) (c) Monophylls (d) Erythrocytes
Last Answer : Ans:(b)
Description : How do the red blood cells carry oxygen to the tissues? -Biology
Last Answer : answer:
Description : Body tissues obtain oxygen from haemoglobin because of its dissociation in tissues caused by
Last Answer : Body tissues obtain oxygen from haemoglobin because of its dissociation in tissues caused by A. Low ... concentration D. High `CO_(2)` concentration
Description : What disease occurs when there is an abnormal increase in the number of white blood cells which results in fewer red blood cells carrying oxygen to body tissues?
Last Answer : Leukemia
Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning carbon dioxide kinetics? a. The amount of carbon dioxide produced is equivalent to the amount of oxygen consumed b. Carbon dioxide levels ... tissues d. The amount of carbon dioxide excreted is a function of ventilation of perfused alveoli
Last Answer : Answer: a, c, d The total amount of carbon dioxide produced by systemic metabolism is roughly equivalent to the amount of oxygen consumed (100-120 cc/m2/min, 200 cc/min in a typical ... carbon dioxide excreted is a function of ventilation of perfused alveoli (i.e. the alveolar ventilation/min).
Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning oxygen delivery? a. The amount of oxygen delivered to peripheral tissues is dependent upon the oxygen content in arterial blood and cardiac ... O2/dL d. Normal systemic oxygen delivery for a typical adult is approximately 1000 cc/min
Last Answer : Answer: a, c, d The amount of oxygen that is delivered to peripheral tissues is the product of the oxygen content in arterial blood times the cardiac output. Normally, oxygen content of arterial blood is ... of venous blood is 16 cc/dL. Hence, the normal arterial-venous difference is 4 cc O2/dL
Description : If a necrotizing soft tissue infection is considered, therapy mandates: a. Empiric administration of antibiotics active against gram-positive, gram-negative, and anaerobic bacteria b. Due to usually ... is mandatory d. The use of hyperbaric oxygen has been demonstrated to be clearly advantageous
Last Answer : Answer: a, c Identification of a necrotizing, soft tissue infection mandates immediate operative intervention with aggressive resection of all involved tissues and empiric ... remains without controlled trials demonstrating any additional benefits derived from hyperbaric oxygen therapy
Description : All of the following statements about hemorrhagic shock are true except: A. Following hemorrhagic shock, there is an initial interstitial fluid volume contraction. B. Dopamine, or a similar inotropic ... shock, a narrowed pulse pressure is commonly seen before a fall in systolic blood pressure.
Last Answer : Answer: BC DISCUSSION: Hemorrhagic shock is associated with a contraction of the interstitial fluid compartment because of precapillary vasoconstriction and reabsorption of interstitial fluid ... definitive evidence that such solutions are better than standard crystalloid solutions is lacking
Description : The closed circulatory system is more efficient. Since blood circulates only inside blood vessels it can do it with more pressure reaching farther distances between the organs where hematosis ... exchange independently from the circulation) are generally slower and have a low metabolic rate.
Last Answer : What is the difference between octopuses and mussels regarding their circulatory systems?
Description : How carbon monoxide, emitted by automobiles, prevents transport of oxygen in the body tissues? (a) By forming a stable compound with haemoglobin (b) By obstructing the reaction of oxygen with haemoglobin (c) By changing oxygen into carbon dioxide (d) By destroying the haemoglobin
Last Answer : (a) By forming a stable compound with haemoglobin
Description : A large proportion of oxygen remains unused in the human blood even after its uptake by the body tissues. This O2 (a) acts as a reserve during muscular exercise (b) raises the pCO2 of ... enough to keep oxyhaemoglobin saturation at 96% (d) helps in releasing more O2 to the epithelial tissues.
Last Answer : (a) acts as a reserve during muscular exercise
Description : The figure given below shows a small part of human lung where exchange of gases takes place. Select the option which represents labelled part (A, B, C or D) correctly identified along with its function. ... Exchange of O2 and CO2 takes place here (d) B : Red blood cells - Transport of CO2 mainly
Last Answer : (b) A : Alveolar cavity - Main site of exchange of respiratory gases
Description : Which one of the following statements is incorrect? (a) The principle of countercurrent flow facilitates efficient respiration in gills of fishes. (b) The residual air in lungs slightly decreases the ... in birds. (d) In insects, circulating body fluids serve to distribute oxygen to tissues.
Last Answer : (b) The residual air in lungs slightly decreases the efficiency of respiration in mammals.
Description : Which one of the following is one of the paths followed by air or O2 during respiration in the adult male Periplaneta americana as it enters the animal body? (a) Spiracle in ... prothorax, tracheoles, trachea, oxygen diffuses into cells (d) Hypopharynx, mouth, pharynx, trachea, tissues
Last Answer : (a) Spiracle in metathorax, trachea, tracheoles, oxygen diffuses into cells
Description : If a scuba diver suffers from the "bends", this means that which gas is being rapidly released from the blood and tissues? w) oxygen x) hydrogen y) nitrogen z) CO2
Last Answer : ANSWER: Y -- NITROGEN
Description : The function of the heart is to (1) Supply oxygen to the tissues (2) carry carbon dioxide from the tissues (3) throw away waste materials (4) pump blood to different parts of the body
Last Answer : pump blood to different parts of the body
Description : Suppose a researcher has some prejudices in relation to some problem, then the research carried out by him, is called as Options: A) Value oriented research B) Polluted research C) Inadequate research D) Prejudiced research
Last Answer : B) Polluted research