What is the energy source used in active transport through biological membranes ?

What is the energy source used in active transport through biological membranes ?
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The energy necessary for active transport (against the concentration gradient of the transported substance) to occur comes from ATP molecules. The active transportation uses chemical energy from ATP.    
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Which are the molecules that make possible active transport through membranes ?

Description : Which are the molecules that make possible active transport through membranes ?

Last Answer : Active transport is made by specific membrane proteins. These proteins are called “pumps” because they “pump” the moving substance through the membrane using energy from ATP molecules.

By which of the following can movement of materials across animal cell membranes be accomplished? I Active transport, II Diffusion, III Pinocytosis (A) I only (B) II only (C) I and II only (D) All I, II, and III

Description : By which of the following can movement of materials across animal cell membranes be accomplished? I Active transport, II Diffusion, III Pinocytosis (A) I only (B) II only (C) I and II only (D) All I, II, and III

Last Answer : Will be only two.

It is a mesh of interconnected membranes that serve a function involving protein synthesis and transport. (A) Endoplasmic reticulum B) Cytoskeleton (C) Golgi apparatus (D) Both A and B

Description : It is a mesh of interconnected membranes that serve a function involving protein synthesis and transport. (A) Endoplasmic reticulum B) Cytoskeleton (C) Golgi apparatus (D) Both A and B

Last Answer : (A) Endoplasmic reticulum

Active transport of a substance across biological membranes has the following characteristics except: A. It is specific B. It is pH dependent C. It is saturable D. It requires metabolic energy

Description : Active transport of a substance across biological membranes has the following characteristics except: A. It is specific B. It is pH dependent C. It is saturable D. It requires metabolic energy

Last Answer : B. It is pH dependent

Active transport of a substance across biological membranes has the following characteristics except: A. It is specific B. It is pH dependent C. It is saturable D. It requires metabolic energy

Description : Active transport of a substance across biological membranes has the following characteristics except: A. It is specific B. It is pH dependent C. It is saturable D. It requires metabolic energy

Last Answer : B. It is pH dependent

Majority of drugs cross biological membranes primarily by: A. Passive diffusion B. Facilitated diffusion C. Active transport D. Pinocytosis

Description : Majority of drugs cross biological membranes primarily by: A. Passive diffusion B. Facilitated diffusion C. Active transport D. Pinocytosis

Last Answer : A. Passive diffusion

Majority of drugs cross biological membranes primarily by: A. Passive diffusion B. Facilitated diffusion C. Active transport D. Pinocytosis

Description : Majority of drugs cross biological membranes primarily by: A. Passive diffusion B. Facilitated diffusion C. Active transport D. Pinocytosis

Last Answer : C. Is affected by extent of ionization of drug molecules

What do facilitated diffusion and active transport have in common ?

Description : What do facilitated diffusion and active transport have in common ?

Last Answer : What are the differences between them? Facilitated diffusion can be confused with active transport because in both processes there is participation of membrane proteins. In active transport however the ... it does not require energy. Cell Membrane Review - Image Diversity: active transport

What is the relation between concentration gradient and active and passive transport ?

Description : What is the relation between concentration gradient and active and passive transport ?

Last Answer : Passive transport is the movement of substances across membranes in favor of their concentration gradient, i.e., from a more concentrated region to a less concentrated region. Active transport, in ... two regions while passive transport acts in a manner to reduce the concentration gradient.

Sodium ions are "pumped" from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration in the nerve cells of humans. This process is an example of (A) Diffusion (B) Passive transport (C) Osmosis (D) Active transport

Description : Sodium ions are "pumped" from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration in the nerve cells of humans. This process is an example of (A) Diffusion (B) Passive transport (C) Osmosis (D) Active transport

Last Answer : (D) Active transport

Concerning their permeability how are membranes classified ?

Description : Concerning their permeability how are membranes classified ?

Last Answer : Membranes can be classified as impermeable, permeable, semipermeable or selectively permeable. An impermeable membrane is that through which no substance can pass. Semipermeable membranes are those that let only ... the passage of solvent let only some specific solutes to pass blocking others.

Do membranes form only the outer wrapping of cells ?

Description : Do membranes form only the outer wrapping of cells ?

Last Answer : Lipid membranes do not form only the outer cover of cells. Cell organelles, such as the Golgi complex, mitochondria, chloroplasts, lysosomes, the endoplasmic reticula and the nucleus, are delimited by membranes too. Cell Structure Review - Image Diversity: cell nucleus

Are plasma membranes the outer boundaries of all cells?

Description : Are plasma membranes the outer boundaries of all cells?

Last Answer : No, in many cells the plasma membrane is encased within an extraneous coat of nonliving material that usually confers some rigidity on the cell it surrounds. Although not affecting permeability, this ... of this structure is not completely clear. In Euglena, it consists of flexible protein strips. 

Eukaryotic cells have extensive intracellular membranes, termed the endomembrane system, which divide the cell into structurally and functionally distinct compartments, or organelles. These include the inner cell membrane, nuclear envelope, endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus, and lysosomes. Name a cellular component whose membrane is not part of the endomembrane system.

Description : Eukaryotic cells have extensive intracellular membranes, termed the endomembrane system, which divide the cell into structurally and functionally distinct compartments, or organelles. These include the inner cell ... . Name a cellular component whose membrane is not part of the endomembrane system.

Last Answer : Mitochondria; also chloroplasts

What are the three major components of glycerophospholipids, the main component of lipid bilayers that comprise cellular membranes?

Description : What are the three major components of glycerophospholipids, the main component of lipid bilayers that comprise cellular membranes?

Last Answer : Glycerol, a phosphate group, fatty acid chains

What are some biological examples in which lysosomic enzymes play fundamental role ?

Description : What are some biological examples in which lysosomic enzymes play fundamental role ?

Last Answer : The remodelation of the osseous tissue, the function of acrosomes in sperm cells and the elimination of the tadpole tail are examples of biological processes in which lysosomic enzymes are key factors. The ... cell by its own mechanisms is called autolysis, a type of apoptosis (celll suicide).

What are some examples of biological activities in which osmosis plays important role ?

Description : What are some examples of biological activities in which osmosis plays important role ?

Last Answer : Hemolysis (destruction of red blood cells) by entrance of water, the hydric regulation in plants and the entrance of water in the xylem of vascular plants are all examples of biological phenomena caused by ... of water in plant roots since root cells are hypertonic in comparison to the soil.

Which of the following is not a feature of active transport of solutes in plants ? (a) Occurs against concentration gradient (b) Non-selective (c) Occurs through membranes (d) Requires ATP

Description : Which of the following is not a feature of active transport of solutes in plants ? (a) Occurs against concentration gradient (b) Non-selective (c) Occurs through membranes (d) Requires ATP

Last Answer : Non-selective

Without saturation of transport proteins and under same concentration gradient how can the speed of simple diffusion be compared to the speed of facilitated diffusion ?

Description : Without saturation of transport proteins and under same concentration gradient how can the speed of simple diffusion be compared to the speed of facilitated diffusion ?

Last Answer : The action of facilitator proteins in facilitated diffusion makes this type of diffusion faster than simple diffusion under equal concentration gradients of the moved substance.

What are the three main types of passive transport ?

Description : What are the three main types of passive transport ?

Last Answer : The three main types of passive transport are simple diffusion, osmosis and facilitated diffusion. Cell Membrane Review - Image Diversity: passive transport

The electron transport chain within the inner mitochondrial membrane creates a gradient of ____________ across the inner membrane which is utilized to drive the activity of ATP synthase and the generation of ATP.

Description : The electron transport chain within the inner mitochondrial membrane creates a gradient of ____________ across the inner membrane which is utilized to drive the activity of ATP synthase and the generation of ATP.

Last Answer : Hydrogen (H+ ions) or protons

The transport vesicles from the Endoplasmic Reticulum(ER) fuse with the ____of the Golgi apparatus. (A) Cis face (B) Trans face (C) Coated face (D) Both A and B

Description : The transport vesicles from the Endoplasmic Reticulum(ER) fuse with the ____of the Golgi apparatus. (A) Cis face (B) Trans face (C) Coated face (D) Both A and B

Last Answer : (A) Cis face

Explain active transport of substances across cell membranes. -Biology

Description : Explain active transport of substances across cell membranes. -Biology

Last Answer : answer:

During mitosis, the eukaryotic cell nucleus splits in two, followed by division of the parent cell into two daughter cells. Mitosis progresses through five separate morphologically distinct phases. Name, in order, these five phases of mitosis.

Description : During mitosis, the eukaryotic cell nucleus splits in two, followed by division of the parent cell into two daughter cells. Mitosis progresses through five separate morphologically distinct phases. Name, in order, these five phases of mitosis.

Last Answer : Prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.

What characteristic of the plasma membrane allows selective molecules to pass through it?

Description : What characteristic of the plasma membrane allows selective molecules to pass through it?

Last Answer : It is semi-permeable.

The process of self-digestion of selective non-functional organelles by a cell through the action of enzymes originating within the cell is referred to as (A) Pinocytosis (B) Endocytosis (C) Autophagy (D) Cytotoxicity

Description : The process of self-digestion of selective non-functional organelles by a cell through the action of enzymes originating within the cell is referred to as (A) Pinocytosis (B) Endocytosis (C) Autophagy (D) Cytotoxicity

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Dye injected into a plant cell might be able to enter an adjacent cell through a (A) Tight junction (B) Microtubule (C) Desmosome (D) Plasmodesma

Description : Dye injected into a plant cell might be able to enter an adjacent cell through a (A) Tight junction (B) Microtubule (C) Desmosome (D) Plasmodesma

Last Answer : (D) Plasmodesma

What is the way followed by the energy absorbed by plants to be used in photosynthesis ?

Description : What is the way followed by the energy absorbed by plants to be used in photosynthesis ?

Last Answer : The energy source of photosynthesis is the sun, the unique and central star of our planetary system. In photosynthesis the solar energy is transformed into chemical energy, the energy of the ... in metabolic processes that spend energy (for example, in active transport across membranes).

What is the molecule responsible for the absorption of photic energy for photosynthesis ?

Description : What is the molecule responsible for the absorption of photic energy for photosynthesis ?

Last Answer : Where is that molecule located in photosynthetic cells? The chlorophyll molecules are the responsible for the absorption of the light energy for photosynthesis. These molecules are found on the internal membranes of chloroplasts.

Metabolism is carried out by a large class of proteins that decrease the activation energy required for chemical reactions inside a cell. Therefore they only facilitate reactions that would naturally occur at a much slower rate. What is the name of these proteins that speed up biochemical reactions?

Description : Metabolism is carried out by a large class of proteins that decrease the activation energy required for chemical reactions inside a cell. Therefore they only facilitate reactions that would naturally occur at a much slower rate. What is the name of these proteins that speed up biochemical reactions?

Last Answer : Enzymes

Name the three metabolic processes used to produce energy in a eukaryotic cell when oxygen is present.

Description : Name the three metabolic processes used to produce energy in a eukaryotic cell when oxygen is present.

Last Answer : Glycolysis, Citric Acid Cycle, Oxidative Phosphorylation. Or glycolysis and respiration, but the question specifies three processes.

Instead of using energy from oxidative reactions immediately, cells store some of this energy for later use. Name two of these small, energy-rich molecules used to store energy.

Description : Instead of using energy from oxidative reactions immediately, cells store some of this energy for later use. Name two of these small, energy-rich molecules used to store energy.

Last Answer : ATP and NADH

Mitochondria are referred to as the ‘powerhouses’ of a cell. This is because they convert food to energy, or ATP, more efficiently than processes which rely on anaerobic, or non-oxygen using, energy production alone. Name the energy production process carried out by mitochondria.

Description : Mitochondria are referred to as the ‘powerhouses’ of a cell. This is because they convert food to energy, or ATP, more efficiently than processes which rely on anaerobic, or non-oxygen using, energy production alone. Name the energy production process carried out by mitochondria.

Last Answer : Oxidative phosphorylation.

Peroxisomes and Glyoxisomes are (A) Energy transducers (B) Membrane-less organelles (C) Micro bodies (D) Basal bodies

Description : Peroxisomes and Glyoxisomes are (A) Energy transducers (B) Membrane-less organelles (C) Micro bodies (D) Basal bodies

Last Answer : (C) Micro bodies

A cell that is missing lysosomes would have difficulty doing what? (A) Digesting food (B) Storing energy (C) Packaging proteins (D) Moving cytoplasm

Description : A cell that is missing lysosomes would have difficulty doing what? (A) Digesting food (B) Storing energy (C) Packaging proteins (D) Moving cytoplasm

Last Answer : (A) Digesting food

In which organelle following reaction takes place 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + energy (from sunlight) ---------> C6H12O6 + 6 O2 (A) Mitochondrion (B) Peroxisome (C) Chloroplast (D) Glyoxysome

Description : In which organelle following reaction takes place 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + energy (from sunlight) ---------> C6H12O6 + 6 O2 (A) Mitochondrion (B) Peroxisome (C) Chloroplast (D) Glyoxysome

Last Answer : (C) Chloroplast

Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning water movement across cell membranes? a. Water moves only actively through cell membrane transport proteins b. For most cells of the body, the transmembrane hydrostatic pressure is 0 c. Water distribution is determined entirely by solute distribution d. Specialized cells such as the glomerulus of the kidney actively transport water to maintain hydrostatic pressure

Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning water movement across cell membranes? a. Water moves only actively through cell membrane transport proteins b. For most cells of ... cells such as the glomerulus of the kidney actively transport water to maintain hydrostatic pressure

Last Answer : Answer: b, c The energetics of water transport across cell membranes is simplified by the fact that water moves only passively due to gradients of hydrostatic pressure or water ... water is distributed at equilibrium. Water distribution is determined entirely by solute to solute distribution

What are biological membranes? -Biology

Description : What are biological membranes? -Biology

Last Answer : answer:

Which of the following features is predicted by the Nicolson–Singer fluid mosaic model of biological membranes? (A) Membrane lipids do not diffuse laterally (B) Membrane lipid is primarily in a monolayer form (C) Membrane lipids freely flip-flop (D) Membrane proteins may diffuse laterally

Description : Which of the following features is predicted by the Nicolson–Singer fluid mosaic model of biological membranes? (A) Membrane lipids do not diffuse laterally (B) Membrane lipid is primarily in a monolayer form (C) Membrane lipids freely flip-flop (D) Membrane proteins may diffuse laterally

Last Answer : Answer : D

.E.coli cells with a mutated z gene of the lac operon cannot grow in medium containing only lactose as the source of energy because (a) the lac operon is constitutively active in these cells (b) they cannot synthesise functional beta galactosidase (c) in the presence of glucose, E.coli cells do not utilise lactose (d) they cannot transport lactose from the medium into the cell.

Description : .E.coli cells with a mutated z gene of the lac operon cannot grow in medium containing only lactose as the source of energy because (a) the lac operon is constitutively active in these cells ( ... coli cells do not utilise lactose (d) they cannot transport lactose from the medium into the cell.

Last Answer : (b) they cannot synthesise functional beta galactosidase

Can two normal individuals of the same species with sexual reproduction have identical genomes and identical karyotypes ? How the human karyotype is usually represented?

Description : Can two normal individuals of the same species with sexual reproduction have identical genomes and identical karyotypes ? How the human karyotype is usually represented?

Last Answer : Except for clones (individuals created from nucleus transplantation, like the Dolly sheep) and monozygotic twins, it is very improbable the genomes of two individuals of the same species and generated by sexual ... normal karyotype is represented by the formula 44+XX for women and 44+XY for men.

What is the difference between the concepts of karyotype and genome ?

Description : What is the difference between the concepts of karyotype and genome ?

Last Answer : Genome is the set of DNA molecules that characterizes each living being or each species. The concept then includes the specific nucleotide sequence of the DNA molecules of each individual or species. ... of each chromosome or pair of homologous. Cell Nucleus Review - Image Diversity: karyotype

What are homologous chromosomes ?

Description : What are homologous chromosomes ?

Last Answer : Which are the human cells that do not have homologous chromosomes? Chromosomes contain genes (genetic information in the form of nucleotide sequences) that command the protein synthesis thus ... chromosomes are the gametes since during meiosis the homologous chromosomes are separated.

What are the primary and the secondary constrictions of a chromosome ?

Description : What are the primary and the secondary constrictions of a chromosome ?

Last Answer : What is the other name given to the secondary constriction? Primary constriction is the narrower region of a condensed chromosome where the centromere, the structure that unites identical chromatids, is located. ... can be one or more in chromosome) is called nucleolus organizer region (NOR).

How the chromosome region where the centromere is located is called ?

Description : How the chromosome region where the centromere is located is called ?

Last Answer : How are chromosomes classified in relation to the position of their centromere? The chromosome region where the centromere is located is called primary constriction. In microscopic view ... constriction the chromosomes are classified as telocentric, acrocentric, submetacentric or metacentric.

What is the structure that maintains identical chromatids bound ?

Description : What is the structure that maintains identical chromatids bound ?

Last Answer : The structure that maintains identical chromatids bound is the centromere. Cell Nucleus Review - Image Diversity: centromere

How are the concepts of chromosome ?

Description : How are the concepts of chromosome ?

Last Answer : chromatin and chromatids related? In which phase of the cell cycle does DNA duplicate? Chromatin is a set of filamentous DNA molecules dispersed in the karyoplasm forming euchromatin and heterochromatin ... chromosomes (and not only one). Cell Nucleus Review - Image Diversity: chromatids

In the phase when the cell is not dividing ?

Description : In the phase when the cell is not dividing ?

Last Answer : interphase) is there activity within the cell nucleus? In the interphase there is intense metabolic activity in the cell nucleus: DNA is duplicating, euchromatin is being transcript and RNA is produced.

What is the relation between the concepts of chromatin and chromosome ?

Description : What is the relation between the concepts of chromatin and chromosome ?

Last Answer : Are euchromatin and heterochromatin part of chromosomes? Every filament of chromatin is a complete DNA molecule (a complete double helix), i.e., a complete chromosome. A DNA molecule may form ... thus both are part of chromosomes. Cell Nucleus Review - Image Diversity: chromosome structure

What are heterochromatin and euchromatin ?

Description : What are heterochromatin and euchromatin ?

Last Answer : Chromatin is uncondensed nuclear DNA, the typical DNA morphology in interphase (the phase of the cell cycle in which the cells is not dividing itself). In this phase of the cell cycle ... inactive portions of the DNA molecule. Cell Nucleus Review - Image Diversity: heterochromatin euchromatin