What are the three main types of passive transport ?

What are the three main types of passive transport ?
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The three main types of passive transport are simple diffusion, osmosis and facilitated diffusion. Cell Membrane Review - Image Diversity: passive transport    
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What is the relation between concentration gradient and active and passive transport ?

Description : What is the relation between concentration gradient and active and passive transport ?

Last Answer : Passive transport is the movement of substances across membranes in favor of their concentration gradient, i.e., from a more concentrated region to a less concentrated region. Active transport, in ... two regions while passive transport acts in a manner to reduce the concentration gradient.

Sodium ions are "pumped" from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration in the nerve cells of humans. This process is an example of (A) Diffusion (B) Passive transport (C) Osmosis (D) Active transport

Description : Sodium ions are "pumped" from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration in the nerve cells of humans. This process is an example of (A) Diffusion (B) Passive transport (C) Osmosis (D) Active transport

Last Answer : (D) Active transport

Which are the molecules that make possible active transport through membranes ?

Description : Which are the molecules that make possible active transport through membranes ?

Last Answer : Active transport is made by specific membrane proteins. These proteins are called “pumps” because they “pump” the moving substance through the membrane using energy from ATP molecules.

What do facilitated diffusion and active transport have in common ?

Description : What do facilitated diffusion and active transport have in common ?

Last Answer : What are the differences between them? Facilitated diffusion can be confused with active transport because in both processes there is participation of membrane proteins. In active transport however the ... it does not require energy. Cell Membrane Review - Image Diversity: active transport

Without saturation of transport proteins and under same concentration gradient how can the speed of simple diffusion be compared to the speed of facilitated diffusion ?

Description : Without saturation of transport proteins and under same concentration gradient how can the speed of simple diffusion be compared to the speed of facilitated diffusion ?

Last Answer : The action of facilitator proteins in facilitated diffusion makes this type of diffusion faster than simple diffusion under equal concentration gradients of the moved substance.

What is the energy source used in active transport through biological membranes ?

Description : What is the energy source used in active transport through biological membranes ?

Last Answer : The energy necessary for active transport (against the concentration gradient of the transported substance) to occur comes from ATP molecules. The active transportation uses chemical energy from ATP.

The electron transport chain within the inner mitochondrial membrane creates a gradient of ____________ across the inner membrane which is utilized to drive the activity of ATP synthase and the generation of ATP.

Description : The electron transport chain within the inner mitochondrial membrane creates a gradient of ____________ across the inner membrane which is utilized to drive the activity of ATP synthase and the generation of ATP.

Last Answer : Hydrogen (H+ ions) or protons

It is a mesh of interconnected membranes that serve a function involving protein synthesis and transport. (A) Endoplasmic reticulum B) Cytoskeleton (C) Golgi apparatus (D) Both A and B

Description : It is a mesh of interconnected membranes that serve a function involving protein synthesis and transport. (A) Endoplasmic reticulum B) Cytoskeleton (C) Golgi apparatus (D) Both A and B

Last Answer : (A) Endoplasmic reticulum

By which of the following can movement of materials across animal cell membranes be accomplished? I Active transport, II Diffusion, III Pinocytosis (A) I only (B) II only (C) I and II only (D) All I, II, and III

Description : By which of the following can movement of materials across animal cell membranes be accomplished? I Active transport, II Diffusion, III Pinocytosis (A) I only (B) II only (C) I and II only (D) All I, II, and III

Last Answer : Will be only two.

The transport vesicles from the Endoplasmic Reticulum(ER) fuse with the ____of the Golgi apparatus. (A) Cis face (B) Trans face (C) Coated face (D) Both A and B

Description : The transport vesicles from the Endoplasmic Reticulum(ER) fuse with the ____of the Golgi apparatus. (A) Cis face (B) Trans face (C) Coated face (D) Both A and B

Last Answer : (A) Cis face

What are the two main types of endocytosis ?

Description : What are the two main types of endocytosis ?

Last Answer : Endocytosis is the entrance of materia in the cell engulfed by portions of the cell membrane. Endocytosis can be classified as pinocytosis or phagocytosis. In pinocytosis small particles on ... receiving the name phagosome. Cell Membrane Review - Image Diversity: pynocitosis phagocytosis

What are the three main parts of a eukaryotic cell ?

Description : What are the three main parts of a eukaryotic cell ?

Last Answer : The eukaryotic cell can be divided into two main portions: the cell membrane that separates the intracellular space from the outer space phisically delimiting the cell; the cytoplasm, the interior ... and the nucleus, the membrane-delimited internal region that contains the genetic material.

What are the three major components of glycerophospholipids, the main component of lipid bilayers that comprise cellular membranes?

Description : What are the three major components of glycerophospholipids, the main component of lipid bilayers that comprise cellular membranes?

Last Answer : Glycerol, a phosphate group, fatty acid chains

What is the main cell organelle involved in cell digestion ?

Description : What is the main cell organelle involved in cell digestion ?

Last Answer : What are the properties of that organelle that enable it to the task? The organelles responsible for intracellular digestion are the lysosomes. Lysosomes are vesicles that contain digestive enzymes ... digested and then digestion takes place. Cell Digestion Review - Image Diversity: lysosomes

What are the main components of the cytoskeleton ?

Description : What are the main components of the cytoskeleton ?

Last Answer : The cytoskeleton is a network of very small tubules and filaments distributed throughout the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. It is made of microtubules, microfilaments and intermediate filaments. Microtubules are ... are made of protein too. Cell Structure Review - Image Diversity: cytoskeleton

What are the main cytoplasmic structures present in animal cells ?

Description : What are the main cytoplasmic structures present in animal cells ?

Last Answer : The main cytoplasmic structures of the cell are the centrioles, the cytoskeleton, lysosomes, mitochondria, peroxisomes, the Golgi apparatus, the endoplasmic reticula and ribosomes. Cell Structure Review - Image Diversity: cell organelles

What are the main structures within the cell nucleus ?

Description : What are the main structures within the cell nucleus ?

Last Answer : Within the cell nucleus the main structures are: the nucleolus, an optically dense region, spherical shaped, where there are concentrated ribosomal RNA (rRNA) associated to proteins (there may be ... cell interphase; the karyotecha, or nuclear membrane, the membrane that delimits the nucleus.

What are the main respective constituents of cell walls in bacteria ?

Description : What are the main respective constituents of cell walls in bacteria ?

Last Answer : protists, fungi and plants? In bacteria cell wall is made of peptidoglycans; among protists algae have cell wall made of cellulose; in fungi, the cell wall is made of chitin (the same substance that makes the exoskeleton of arthropods); in plants, the cell wall is made of cellulose too.

In many types of cancer, proteins that are crucial regulators of the cell cycle are often mutated and cannot function correctly. This leads to the evasion of apoptosis and to the loss of control of cell proliferation? For example, many cancer cells carry two mutant copies of the gene that codes for a tumor suppressor protein named p53. What is the normal function of p53 that is lost when it is mutated?

Description : In many types of cancer, proteins that are crucial regulators of the cell cycle are often mutated and cannot function correctly. This leads to the evasion of apoptosis and to the loss of control of cell ... protein named p53. What is the normal function of p53 that is lost when it is mutated?

Last Answer : Normally, p53 senses DNA damage and acts as a transcription factor for checkpoint control genes.

Tissues are constructed from many distinct cell types that perform different functions in response to signals from each other and the extracellular matrix. During tissue development and tissue regeneration, stem cells serve as a reservoir of undifferentiated cells that have the capacity to mature into different cell types. What is the name of the process that stem cells undergo when they are required to generate a particular type of cell?

Description : Tissues are constructed from many distinct cell types that perform different functions in response to signals from each other and the extracellular matrix. During tissue development and tissue regeneration, ... that stem cells undergo when they are required to generate a particular type of cell?

Last Answer : Asymmetric cell division. After asymmetric division, each of the two resulting daughter cells has a unique life course. For example, one daughter cell may differentiate into a specific cell type ( ... cell), whereas the other daughter cell may remain a stem cell with unlimited proliferative ability.

What types of signaling molecules bind to and activate RTKs?

Description : What types of signaling molecules bind to and activate RTKs?

Last Answer : Growth factors, hormones, some extracellular matrix proteins, some cell surface proteins (i.e. ephrin)

What common cell types are regulated by ion channels and are commonly referred to as excitable cells?

Description : What common cell types are regulated by ion channels and are commonly referred to as excitable cells?

Last Answer : neurons, muscle cells, sensory receptor cells

Are all genes expressed at the same time in all cell types?

Description : Are all genes expressed at the same time in all cell types?

Last Answer : No- genes are expressed at different times or in different cells types. There are several sequences in DNA that regulate when a genes is transcribed, such as- promoters and enhancer ... to start transcription and operator sequences that allow for external proteins to cause activation or repression.

What types of proteins are involved in the packaging and condensing of DNA into tightly wound nucleosome structures of a chromosome?

Description : What types of proteins are involved in the packaging and condensing of DNA into tightly wound nucleosome structures of a chromosome?

Last Answer : Histone

The eukaryotic cell cycle consists of discrete phases. One of these is named the M or mitosis phase during which the cell divides. Following the M phase is a period known as interphase that is made up of three distinct phases. Name, in order, the three separate phases of interphase.

Description : The eukaryotic cell cycle consists of discrete phases. One of these is named the M or mitosis phase during which the cell divides. Following the M phase is a period known as interphase that is made up of three distinct phases. Name, in order, the three separate phases of interphase.

Last Answer : G1, S and G2

List three common second messengers and the enzyme responsible for their production:

Description : List three common second messengers and the enzyme responsible for their production:

Last Answer : - cAMP - synthesized from ATP by adenylate cyclase - diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3)- produced by the phospholipase C - Ca2+ - released from intracellular stores (the second messenger IP3 is a common trigger for Ca2+ release).

Name three classes of cell surface receptors

Description : Name three classes of cell surface receptors

Last Answer : G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRS) - ion channel receptors - enzyme-linked receptors (example: receptor tyrosine kinases –RTKs)

Cytoskeletal elements are responsible for giving cells their shape and provide a basis for cell movement, migration, and cell division. Name the three major classes of cytoskeletal elements in eukaryotic cells.

Description : Cytoskeletal elements are responsible for giving cells their shape and provide a basis for cell movement, migration, and cell division. Name the three major classes of cytoskeletal elements in eukaryotic cells.

Last Answer : Microtubules (composed of tubulin); actin filaments (made up of actin); intermediate filaments

RNA molecules can be broken up into three classes-which type of RNA molecule is translated into a protein sequence?

Description : RNA molecules can be broken up into three classes-which type of RNA molecule is translated into a protein sequence?

Last Answer : Messenger RNA (mRNA). mRNAs are the RNA transcripts that contain protein coding sequences which are translated into protein.

Name the three metabolic processes used to produce energy in a eukaryotic cell when oxygen is present.

Description : Name the three metabolic processes used to produce energy in a eukaryotic cell when oxygen is present.

Last Answer : Glycolysis, Citric Acid Cycle, Oxidative Phosphorylation. Or glycolysis and respiration, but the question specifies three processes.

The three-dimensional network of protein filaments within the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells is called the (A) Endoplasmic reticulum (B) Golgi apparatus (C) Cytoskeleton (D) None of these

Description : The three-dimensional network of protein filaments within the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells is called the (A) Endoplasmic reticulum (B) Golgi apparatus (C) Cytoskeleton (D) None of these

Last Answer : (C) Cytoskeleton

Lysosomes have (A) Single-layered membrane (B) Double-layered membrane (C) Three-layered membrane (D) No membrane

Description : Lysosomes have (A) Single-layered membrane (B) Double-layered membrane (C) Three-layered membrane (D) No membrane

Last Answer : (A) Single-layered membrane

What are the three types of passive transport? -Biology

Description : What are the three types of passive transport? -Biology

Last Answer : answer:

04. The main mechanism of most drugs absorption in GI tract is: a) Active transport (carrier-mediated diffusion) b) Filtration (aqueous diffusion) c) Endocytosis and exocytosis d) Passive diffusion (lipid diffusion)

Description : 04. The main mechanism of most drugs absorption in GI tract is: a) Active transport (carrier-mediated diffusion) b) Filtration (aqueous diffusion) c) Endocytosis and exocytosis d) Passive diffusion (lipid diffusion)

Last Answer : PHARMACOKINETICS

Can two normal individuals of the same species with sexual reproduction have identical genomes and identical karyotypes ? How the human karyotype is usually represented?

Description : Can two normal individuals of the same species with sexual reproduction have identical genomes and identical karyotypes ? How the human karyotype is usually represented?

Last Answer : Except for clones (individuals created from nucleus transplantation, like the Dolly sheep) and monozygotic twins, it is very improbable the genomes of two individuals of the same species and generated by sexual ... normal karyotype is represented by the formula 44+XX for women and 44+XY for men.

What is the difference between the concepts of karyotype and genome ?

Description : What is the difference between the concepts of karyotype and genome ?

Last Answer : Genome is the set of DNA molecules that characterizes each living being or each species. The concept then includes the specific nucleotide sequence of the DNA molecules of each individual or species. ... of each chromosome or pair of homologous. Cell Nucleus Review - Image Diversity: karyotype

What are homologous chromosomes ?

Description : What are homologous chromosomes ?

Last Answer : Which are the human cells that do not have homologous chromosomes? Chromosomes contain genes (genetic information in the form of nucleotide sequences) that command the protein synthesis thus ... chromosomes are the gametes since during meiosis the homologous chromosomes are separated.

What are the primary and the secondary constrictions of a chromosome ?

Description : What are the primary and the secondary constrictions of a chromosome ?

Last Answer : What is the other name given to the secondary constriction? Primary constriction is the narrower region of a condensed chromosome where the centromere, the structure that unites identical chromatids, is located. ... can be one or more in chromosome) is called nucleolus organizer region (NOR).

How the chromosome region where the centromere is located is called ?

Description : How the chromosome region where the centromere is located is called ?

Last Answer : How are chromosomes classified in relation to the position of their centromere? The chromosome region where the centromere is located is called primary constriction. In microscopic view ... constriction the chromosomes are classified as telocentric, acrocentric, submetacentric or metacentric.

What is the structure that maintains identical chromatids bound ?

Description : What is the structure that maintains identical chromatids bound ?

Last Answer : The structure that maintains identical chromatids bound is the centromere. Cell Nucleus Review - Image Diversity: centromere

How are the concepts of chromosome ?

Description : How are the concepts of chromosome ?

Last Answer : chromatin and chromatids related? In which phase of the cell cycle does DNA duplicate? Chromatin is a set of filamentous DNA molecules dispersed in the karyoplasm forming euchromatin and heterochromatin ... chromosomes (and not only one). Cell Nucleus Review - Image Diversity: chromatids

In the phase when the cell is not dividing ?

Description : In the phase when the cell is not dividing ?

Last Answer : interphase) is there activity within the cell nucleus? In the interphase there is intense metabolic activity in the cell nucleus: DNA is duplicating, euchromatin is being transcript and RNA is produced.

What is the relation between the concepts of chromatin and chromosome ?

Description : What is the relation between the concepts of chromatin and chromosome ?

Last Answer : Are euchromatin and heterochromatin part of chromosomes? Every filament of chromatin is a complete DNA molecule (a complete double helix), i.e., a complete chromosome. A DNA molecule may form ... thus both are part of chromosomes. Cell Nucleus Review - Image Diversity: chromosome structure

What are heterochromatin and euchromatin ?

Description : What are heterochromatin and euchromatin ?

Last Answer : Chromatin is uncondensed nuclear DNA, the typical DNA morphology in interphase (the phase of the cell cycle in which the cells is not dividing itself). In this phase of the cell cycle ... inactive portions of the DNA molecule. Cell Nucleus Review - Image Diversity: heterochromatin euchromatin

Do all eukaryotic cells have nucleus and only one nucleus ?

Description : Do all eukaryotic cells have nucleus and only one nucleus ?

Last Answer : There are eukaryotic cells without nucleus and others with more than one nucleus. Osteoclasts, the cells responsible for resorption of the osseous matrix, for example, are multinucleate cells; ... cells. Cell Nucleus Review - Image Diversity: cell nucleus miltinucleate cells enucleated cells

How are cells with delimited nucleus called ?

Description : How are cells with delimited nucleus called ?

Last Answer : What are the main elements of the nucleus? Cells with delimited nucleus are called eukaryotic cells. Organisms composed of one or more eukaryotic cells are called eukaryotes. The mains elements of the ... the nucleolus, the karyolymph, or nucleoplasm, and the nuclear membrane (or karyotheca).

What are some biological examples in which lysosomic enzymes play fundamental role ?

Description : What are some biological examples in which lysosomic enzymes play fundamental role ?

Last Answer : The remodelation of the osseous tissue, the function of acrosomes in sperm cells and the elimination of the tadpole tail are examples of biological processes in which lysosomic enzymes are key factors. The ... cell by its own mechanisms is called autolysis, a type of apoptosis (celll suicide).

What is autophagic intracellular digestion ?

Description : What is autophagic intracellular digestion ?

Last Answer : Why is this type of intracellular digestion intensified in an organism undergoing starvation? Autophagic intracellular digestion is the cellular internal digestion of waste and residual materials. In general ... obtain from its own constituent materials the nutrients necessary to stay alive.

What is heterophagic intracellular digestion ?

Description : What is heterophagic intracellular digestion ?

Last Answer : How is this process accomplished? Heterophagic intracellular digestion is the breaking into smaller substances of external substances engulfed in the cell by pinocytosis or phagocytosis. Phagosomes or pinosomes fuse ... with the plasma membrane and liberates its waste in the exterior space.

What is intracellular digestion ?

Description : What is intracellular digestion ?

Last Answer : Intracellular digestion, or cellular digestion, is the breaking in the interior of the cell of big molecules coming from outside or even from the own cell metabolism into smaller ... is classified into two types: heterophagic intracellular digestion and autophagic intracellular digestion.