Description : Conversion of a procarcinogen into a carcinogen often requires (A) Proteolysis (B) Microsomal hydroxylation (C) Exposure to ultraviolet radiation (D) Exposure to X-rays
Last Answer : Answer : B
Description : Complement system can be activated by binding of antigen to (A) IgA (B) IgD (C) IgE (D) IgM
Last Answer : Answer : D
Description : Which of the following statements regarding the complement system are true? a. Complement activation yields products which are directly cytotoxic as well as products which act indirectly via activated ... and classical pathways converge proximal to generating the membrane attack complex (C5b-9)
Last Answer : Answer: a, d The complement system is composed of two different but linked sequences, the classic and alternative pathways. The pathways involve serum proteins that act to amplify the inflammatory-immune ... the C5 level proximal to generating the membrane attack complex (C5b-9) (Figure 6-3)
Description : MHC Class III proteins include (A) Immunoglobulins (B) Components of complement system (C) T cells receptors (D) CD4 and CD8 proteins
Description : ____ becomes activated to eliminate "nonself" cells, such as virus- infected cells or cancer cells. a. Humoral immune response b. Cell-mediated immune response c. Complement d. Inflammation
Last Answer : b. Cell-mediated immune response
Description : When the Human Resources module is activated, which areas must be addressed? a. Complement (number of workers) b. Caliber (recruitment of talent of workers) c. Training (time workers spend in training) d. Benefits (retirement planning for workers) e. a, b, and c
Last Answer : e. a, b, and c
Description : What is the difference between glycosylation and glycation?
Last Answer : Enzymatic addition of any sugar to a protein is called ìglycosylationî while non-enzymatic process is termed ìglycationî.
Description : Microsomal hydroxylase system contains a (A) Di-oxygenase (B) Mono-oxygenase (C) Both (A) and (B) (D) None of thse
Description : Epinephrine increases the concentration of free fatty acids in plasma by increasing (A) Extramitochondrial fatty acid synthesis (B) Mitochondrial fatty acid chain elongation (C) Microsomal fatty acid chain elongation (D) Lipolysis in adipose tissue
Description : Which of the following is a microsomal enzyme inducer? (A) Indomethacin (B) Clofibrate (C) Tolbutamide (D) Glutethamide
Description : All the following statements about acetyl CoA carboxylase are true except (A) It is required for de novo synthesis of fatty acids (B) It is required for mitochondrial elongation of fatty acids ( ... for microsomal elongation of fatty acids (D) Insulin converts its inactive form into its active form
Description : C22 and C24, fatty acids required for the synthesis of sphingolipids in brain are formed by (A) De novo synthesis (B) Microsomal chain elongation (C) Mitochondrial chain elongation (D) All of these
Description : The complement system consists of a series of serum proteins that exist in a quiescent or very low-level state of activation in the uninfected host. Which of the following ... certain complement components serve as chemoattractants to additional cellular components of the host defense mechanism
Last Answer : Answer: a, c, d Complement activation can occur through either classic or alternate (properdin) pathways, both of which eventuate in deposition of terminal complement pathway components on the ... and release of lysosomal enzymes that can directly damage certain target tissues, such as the lung
Description : Drug called ‘Heroin’ is synthesised by (a) nitration of morphine (b) methylation of morphine (c) acetylation of morphine (d) glycosylation of morphine.
Last Answer : (c) acetylation of morphine
Description : The Golgi complex plays a major role (a) as energy transferring organelles (b) in post translational modification of proteins and glycosylation of lipids (c) in trapping the light and transforming it into chemical energy (d) in digesting proteins and carbohydrates.
Last Answer : (b) in post translational modification of proteins and glycosylation of lipids
Description : Which of the following events does not occur in rough endoplasmic reticulum? (a) Protein folding (b) Protein glycosylation (c) Cleavage of signal peptide (d) Phospholipid synthesis
Last Answer : (d) Phospholipid synthesis
Description : Which of the following events does not occur in rough endoplasmic reticulum ? (1) Protein folding (2) Protein glycosylation (3) Cleavage of signal peptide (4) Phospholipid synthesis
Last Answer : (4) Phospholipid synthesis
Description : Epinephrine is derived from norepinephrine by (A) Decarboxylation (B) Hydroxylation (C) Oxidation (D) N-methylation
Description : The sequential steps in the conversion of tyrosine to epinephrine are (A) Ring hydroxylation-decarboxylation-side chain hydroxylation-N-methylation (B) Side chain hydroxylation-decarboxylation- ... chain hydroxylation-N-methylation (D) N-methylation-decarboxylation-ring and side chain hydroxylation
Last Answer : Answer : A
Description : Biotin is essential for (A) Translation (B) Carboxylation (C) Hydroxylation (D) Transamination
Description : In renal rickets, the following hydroxylation of Vitamin D3 does not take place: (A) 25 (B) 1 (C) 24 (D) 7
Description : Hydroxylation of 25-hydroxy cholecalciferol is promoted by (A) Cytochrome A (B) Panthyroid hormone (C) Cytochrome b (D) cAMP
Description : 25-hydroxylation of Vitamin D3 takes place in (A) Liver (B) Kidneys (C) Intestines (D) Pancreas
Description : 1-hydroxylation of 25-hydroxy Vitamin D3 takes place in (A) Liver (B) Kidneys (C) Intestine (D) Pancreas
Description : Biotin is involved in which of the following types of reactions? (A) Hydroxylation (B) Carboxylation (C) Decarboxylation (D) Deamination
Description : In retinal rickets, the following hydroxylation of Vitamin D3 does not take place: (A) 25 (B) 1 (C) 24 (D) 7
Description : Hydroxylation of 25-hydroxy cholecalciferol is promoted by (A) Cytochrome - a (B) Parathyroid hormone (C) Cytochrome-b (D) CAMP
Description : 25-hydroxylation of vitamin D3 takes place in (A) Liver (B) Kidneys (C) Intestine (D) Pancreas
Description : 1-hydroxylation of 25-OH vitamin D3 takes place in (A) Liver (B) Kidneys (C) Intestine (D) Pancreas
Description : 25-Hydroxylation of vitamin D occurs in (A) Skin (B) Liver (C) Kidneys (D) Intestinal mucosa
Description : Vitamin B1 coenzyme (TPP) is involved in (A) Oxidative decarboxylation (B) Hydroxylation (C) Transamination (D) Carboxylation
Description : Hydroxylation of Proline and Lysine in a protein is effected by (A) Vitamin B1 (B) Vitamin B2 (C) Vitamin B6 (D) Vitamin C
Description : Histidine is converted into histamine by (A) Carboxylation (B) Decarboxylation (C) Methylation (D) Hydroxylation
Description : Hydroxylation of phenylalanine requires all of the following except (A) Phenylalanine hydroxylase (B) Tetrahydrobiopterin (C) NADH (D) Molecular oxygen
Last Answer : Answer : C
Description : All of the following are required for hydroxylation of proline residues except (A) Ascorbic acid (B) Glutamate (C) Ferrous ions (D) Molecular oxygen
Description : All the following statement about hydroxyproline are true except (A) There is no codon for hydroxyproline (B) It is present in large amounts in collagen (C) Free proline cannot be hydroxylated to hydroxyproline (D) Hydroxylation of proline residues is catalysed by a dioxygenase
Description : The rate limiting step in the biosynthesis of catecholamines is (A) Decarboxylation of dihydroxyphenylalanine (B) Hydroxylation of phenylalanine (C) Hydroxylation of tyrosine (D) Oxidation of dopamine
Description : Which histamine H2 blocker has most marked inhibitory effect on microsomal cytochrome P-450 enzyme: A. Cimetidine B. Ranitidine C. Roxatidine D. Famotidine
Last Answer : A. Cimetidine
Description : Benzodiazepines differ from barbiturates in the following aspects except: A. They have a steeper dose response curve B. They have higher therapeutic index C. They have lower abuse liability D. They do not induce microsomal drug metabolizing enzymes
Last Answer : A. They have a steeper dose response curve
Description : Microsomal enzyme induction has one of the following features: A. Takes about one week to develop B. Results in increased affinity of the enzyme for the substrate C. It is irreversible D. Can be used to treat acute drug poisonings
Last Answer : A. Takes about one week to develop
Description : Which of the following types of drug metabolizing enzymes are inducible: A. Microsomal enzymes B. Nonmicrosomal enzymes C. Both microsomal and nonmicrosomal enzymes D. Mitochondrial enzymes
Last Answer : A. Microsomal enzymes
Description : Microsomal enzyme induction can be a cause of: A. Tolerance B. Physical dependence C. Psychological dependence D. Idiosyncrasy
Last Answer : A. Tolerance
Description : UDP and UTP are formed by phosphorylation from (A) AMP (B) ADP (C) ATP (D) GTP
Description : Phosphorylation of adenosine to AMP is catalysed by (A) Adenosine kinase (B) Deoxycytidine kinase (C) Adenylosuccinase (D) Adenylosuccinate synthetase
Description : Which one of the following statements is incorrect? (A) Insulin increases glucose phosphorylation (B) Insulin increases glycolysis (C) Insulin augments HMP shunt (D) Insulin promotes gluconeogenesis
Description : Binding of growth hormone to its receptor results in phosphorylation of (A) JAK-2 (B) Growth hormone receptor (C) STATs (D) All of these
Description : Substrate-linked phosphorylation occurs in (A) Glycolytic pathway(B) Citric acid cycle (C) Both (A) and (B) (D) None of these
Description : The chemical inhibiting oxidative phosphorylation, Adependent on the transport of adenine nucleotides across the inner mitochondrial membrane is (A) Oligomycin (B) Atractyloside (C) Dinitrophenol (D) Pentachlorophenol