Factors B and D are required in (A) The classical pathway of complement fixation (B) The alternate complement pathway (C) Both (A) and (B) (D) None of these

Factors B and D are required in (A) The classical pathway of complement fixation (B) The alternate complement pathway (C) Both (A) and (B) (D) None of these
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Answer : B
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The alternate complement pathway doesn’t involve (A) Antigen-antibody complex (B) Complement 3 (C) Factors B and D (D) Membrane attack unit

Description : The alternate complement pathway doesn’t involve (A) Antigen-antibody complex (B) Complement 3 (C) Factors B and D (D) Membrane attack unit

Last Answer : Answer : A

C1 component of classical complement pathway is made up of (A) Complements 1q and 1r (B) Complements 1q and 1s (C) Complements 1r and 1s (D) Complements 1q, 1r and 1s

Description : C1 component of classical complement pathway is made up of (A) Complements 1q and 1r (B) Complements 1q and 1s (C) Complements 1r and 1s (D) Complements 1q, 1r and 1s

Last Answer : Answer : D

In the complement system; a. alternative pathway does not rely on antibody b. C1 is the first enzyme complex in the classical pathway c. both the alternative and classical pathway converge at C3 d. all above

Description : In the complement system; a. alternative pathway does not rely on antibody b. C1 is the first enzyme complex in the classical pathway c. both the alternative and classical pathway converge at C3 d. all above

Last Answer : all above

The complement system consists of a series of serum proteins that exist in a quiescent or very low-level state of activation in the uninfected host. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning complement activation? a. The alternate (properdin) pathway of complement activation can occur directly through contact with fungal or bacterial cell wall compounds b. Complement component fragments may serve to decrease vascular permeability c. Excessive complement activation can produce deleterious effects d. Fragments of certain complement components serve as chemoattractants to additional cellular components of the host defense mechanism

Description : The complement system consists of a series of serum proteins that exist in a quiescent or very low-level state of activation in the uninfected host. Which of the following ... certain complement components serve as chemoattractants to additional cellular components of the host defense mechanism

Last Answer : Answer: a, c, d Complement activation can occur through either classic or alternate (properdin) pathways, both of which eventuate in deposition of terminal complement pathway components on the ... and release of lysosomal enzymes that can directly damage certain target tissues, such as the lung

Which of the following statements regarding the alternative complement pathway are true? a. C1, C4 and C2 are involved b. NH3 apparently activates complement via this pathway c. Factors B and D are involved d. Endotoxin activates complement via the alternative pathway

Description : Which of the following statements regarding the alternative complement pathway are true? a. C1, C4 and C2 are involved b. NH3 apparently activates complement via this pathway c. Factors B and D are involved d. Endotoxin activates complement via the alternative pathway

Last Answer : Answer: b, c, d The alternative pathway differs from the classic pathway in that the first steps involving C1, C4 and C2 are bypassed. (See Figure 6-3 previously reproduced.) ... been correlated with impaired renal function and the presence of complement components at the sites of renal injury

Cancer cells may become resistant to amethopterin by (A) Developing mechanisms to destroy amethopterin (B) Amplification of dihydrofolate reducatse gene (C) Mutation in the dihydrofolate reductase gene so that the enzyme is no longer inhibited by amethopterin (D) Developing alternate pathway of thymidylate synthesis

Description : Cancer cells may become resistant to amethopterin by (A) Developing mechanisms to destroy amethopterin (B) Amplification of dihydrofolate reducatse gene (C) Mutation in the dihydrofolate reductase ... is no longer inhibited by amethopterin (D) Developing alternate pathway of thymidylate synthesis

Last Answer : Answer : B

Coccidioides complement fixation?

Description : Coccidioides complement fixation?

Last Answer : DefinitionCoccidioides complement fixation is a blood test that looks for antibodies to the fungus Coccidioides immitis. This fungus causes the disease coccidioidomycosis.Alternative NamesCoccidioides antibody testHow the ... blood has been collected, the needle is removed, and the puncture site i

What serologicaL test requires sheep red blood cells and a preparation of antibodies that recognizes the sheep red blood ceLls? a. ELISA b. Radioimmunoassay c. Immunodiffusion d. Complement fixation test

Description : What serologicaL test requires sheep red blood cells and a preparation of antibodies that recognizes the sheep red blood ceLls? a. ELISA b. Radioimmunoassay c. Immunodiffusion d. Complement fixation test

Last Answer : d. Complement fixation test

Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct concerning the immunoinflammatory response to shock? a. The anaphylactoxins, C3a and C5a, are products of activation of only the classical pathway of the compliment cascade b. Eicosanoids, such as prostaglandins are stored in platelets and endothelial cells and released in response to inflammatory stimuli c. Thromboxane and PGI2 have similar effects d. Platelet-activating factor can be released by both circulating and fixed tissue cells

Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct concerning the immunoinflammatory response to shock? a. The anaphylactoxins, C3a and C5a, are products of activation of only the classical pathway ... effects d. Platelet-activating factor can be released by both circulating and fixed tissue cells

Last Answer : Answer: d Inflammatory mediators have recently been recognized as playing a significant role in the clinical manifestations and progression of shock and the development ... increased pulmonary vascular resistance, bronchoconstriction, peripheral vasodilatation, and increased vascular permeability

The following are true: a. Ig G crosses the placenta b. thymus gland is responsible for cellular immunity c. C1-9 is used by the alternative complement pathway d. eosinophils are responsible for phagocytosis

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Last Answer : Ig G crosses the placenta

Which of the following statements regarding the complement system are true? a. Complement activation yields products which are directly cytotoxic as well as products which act indirectly via activated leukocytes b. Complement products referred to as anaphylatoxins include C1, C3a, C4a, and C5a c. The principal role of C5a is in bacterial opsonization d. The alternative and classical pathways converge proximal to generating the membrane attack complex (C5b-9)

Description : Which of the following statements regarding the complement system are true? a. Complement activation yields products which are directly cytotoxic as well as products which act indirectly via activated ... and classical pathways converge proximal to generating the membrane attack complex (C5b-9)

Last Answer : Answer: a, d The complement system is composed of two different but linked sequences, the classic and alternative pathways. The pathways involve serum proteins that act to amplify the inflammatory-immune ... the C5 level proximal to generating the membrane attack complex (C5b-9) (Figure 6-3)

Select the correct statement: (1) C4 pathway for. CO2 fixation were discovered by Hatch and Slack (2) CO2 is essential for photosynthesis (3) Addition of sodium carbonate in water retards photosynthetic rate in vallisneria (4) Phloem is the principal pathway for translocation of solutes

Description : Select the correct statement: (1) C4 pathway for. CO2 fixation were discovered by Hatch and Slack (2) CO2 is essential for photosynthesis (3) Addition of sodium carbonate in water retards photosynthetic rate in vallisneria (4) Phloem is the principal pathway for translocation of solutes

Last Answer : Ans. ((c))

The CO2 fixation during C4 pathway occurs in the chloroplast of (a) guard cells (b) bundle sheath cells (c) mesophyll cells (d) spongy parenchyma.

Description : The CO2 fixation during C4 pathway occurs in the chloroplast of (a) guard cells (b) bundle sheath cells (c) mesophyll cells (d) spongy parenchyma.

Last Answer : (c) mesophyll cells

Study the pathway given below. Atmospheric CO2 mesophyll cell Bundle sheath cell Plasma- desmata Plasma membrane Cell wall HCO Phosphoenol- 3 – pyruvate Cell wall C acid 4 C acid 3 Transport Transport Fixation by Calvin cycle C acid 4 C acid 3 CO2 In which of the following options correct words for all the three blanks A, B and C are indicated? A B C (a) Decarboxylation Reduction Regeneration (b) Fixation Transamination Regeneration (c) Fixation Decarboxylation Regeneration (d) Carboxylation Decarboxylation Reduction

Description : Study the pathway given below. Atmospheric CO2 mesophyll cell Bundle sheath cell Plasma- desmata Plasma membrane Cell wall HCO Phosphoenol- 3 - pyruvate Cell wall C acid ... b) Fixation Transamination Regeneration (c) Fixation Decarboxylation Regeneration (d) Carboxylation Decarboxylation Reduction

Last Answer : (c) Fixation Decarboxylation Regeneration

The following enzyme is required for the hexose monophosphate shunt pathway: (A) Glucose-6-phosphatase (B) Phosphorylase (C) Aldolase (D) Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase

Description : The following enzyme is required for the hexose monophosphate shunt pathway: (A) Glucose-6-phosphatase (B) Phosphorylase (C) Aldolase (D) Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase

Last Answer : D

With reference to factors affecting the rate of photosynthesis, which of the following statements is not correct? (a) Increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration up to 0.05% can enhance CO2 fixation rate.(b) C3 plants respond to higher temperature with enhanced photosynthesis while C4 plants have much lower temperature optimum. (c) Tomato is a greenhouse crop which can be grown in CO2-enriched atmosphere for higher yield. (d) Light saturation for CO2 fixation occurs at 10% of full sunlight.

Description : With reference to factors affecting the rate of photosynthesis, which of the following statements is not correct? (a) Increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration up to 0.05% can enhance CO2 fixation rate. ( ... for higher yield. (d) Light saturation for CO2 fixation occurs at 10% of full sunlight.

Last Answer : (b) C3 plants respond to higher temperature with enhanced photosynthesis while C4 plants have much lower temperature optimum

With reference to factors affecting the rate of photosynthesis, which of the following statements is not correct ? (1) Increasing atmospheric CO 2 concentration up to 0.05% can enhance CO 2 fixation rate (2) C 3 plants respond to higher temperatures with enhanced photosynthesis while C 4 plants have much lower temperature optimum (3) Tomato is a greenhouse crop which can be grown in CO 2 - enriched atmosphere for higher yield (4) Light saturation for CO 2 fixation occurs at 10% of full sunlight

Description : With reference to factors affecting the rate of photosynthesis, which of the following statements is not correct ? (1) Increasing atmospheric CO 2 concentration up to 0.05% can enhance CO 2 fixation ... for higher yield (4) Light saturation for CO 2 fixation occurs at 10% of full sunlight

Last Answer : (2) C 3 plants respond to higher temperatures with enhanced photosynthesis while C 4 plants have much lower temperature optimum

. Operations Research techniques helps to find an ________ by taking into account all the factors a. Ultimate solution b. Alternate solution c. Optimum solution d. Maximise solution

Description : . Operations Research techniques helps to find an ________ by taking into account all the factors a. Ultimate solution b. Alternate solution c. Optimum solution d. Maximise solution

Last Answer : c. Optimum solution

The size of the ROM required to build an 8-bit adder/subtractor with mode control, carry input, carry output and two’s complement overflow output is given as

Description : The size of the ROM required to build an 8-bit adder/subtractor with mode control, carry input, carry output and two’s complement overflow output is given as

Last Answer : (B) 218 × 10

How may ATP are required for formation ofone `NH_(3)` in biological nitrogen fixation.

Description : How may ATP are required for formation ofone `NH_(3)` in biological nitrogen fixation.

Last Answer : How may ATP are required for formation ofone `NH_(3)` in biological nitrogen fixation.

Substrate-linked phosphorylation occurs in (A) Glycolytic pathway(B) Citric acid cycle (C) Both (A) and (B) (D) None of these

Description : Substrate-linked phosphorylation occurs in (A) Glycolytic pathway(B) Citric acid cycle (C) Both (A) and (B) (D) None of these

Last Answer : Answer : C

Which of these factors had a direct influence on the spread of post classical empires?

Description : Which of these factors had a direct influence on the spread of post classical empires?

Last Answer : Expansion of transcontinental trade routes

Which of these factors had a direct influence on the spread of post classical empires?

Description : Which of these factors had a direct influence on the spread of post classical empires?

Last Answer : Expansion of transcontinental trade routes

The role of complement proteins: (A) Defense (B) Helps immunity of the body (C) Not predicatable (D) None of these

Description : The role of complement proteins: (A) Defense (B) Helps immunity of the body (C) Not predicatable (D) None of these

Last Answer : Answer : D

MHC Class III proteins include (A) Immunoglobulins (B) Components of complement system (C) T cells receptors (D) CD4 and CD8 proteins

Description : MHC Class III proteins include (A) Immunoglobulins (B) Components of complement system (C) T cells receptors (D) CD4 and CD8 proteins

Last Answer : Answer : D

The components of complement system are activated by (A) Microsomal hydroxylation (B) Phosphorylation (C) Glycosylation (D) Proteloysis

Description : The components of complement system are activated by (A) Microsomal hydroxylation (B) Phosphorylation (C) Glycosylation (D) Proteloysis

Last Answer : Answer : D

Complement system can be activated by binding of antigen to (A) IgA (B) IgD (C) IgE (D) IgM

Description : Complement system can be activated by binding of antigen to (A) IgA (B) IgD (C) IgE (D) IgM

Last Answer : Answer : D

The portion of the antigen molecule which is recognized by antibody is known as (A) Hapten (B) Epitope (C) Complement (D) Variable region

Description : The portion of the antigen molecule which is recognized by antibody is known as (A) Hapten (B) Epitope (C) Complement (D) Variable region

Last Answer : Answer : B

Refer to CAP697 MRJT1 Fig. 4.3.6 Given: Distance to alternate 400nm Landing mass at alternate 50,000kg Headwind component 25kt The alternate fuel required is: a. 2550kg b. 2800kg c. 2900kg d. 2650kg

Description : Refer to CAP697 MRJT1 Fig. 4.3.6 Given: Distance to alternate 400nm Landing mass at alternate 50,000kg Headwind component 25kt The alternate fuel required is: a. 2550kg b. 2800kg c. 2900kg d. 2650kg

Last Answer : b. 2800kg

Why alternate energy resources are required?

Description : Why alternate energy resources are required?

Last Answer : ⮚ The increased power demand, depleting fossil fuel resources and growing environmental pollution have led the world to think seriously for other alternative sources of energy

Refer to CAP697 MRJT1 Fig. 4.3.6 Given: Distance to alternate 400nm Landing mass at alternate 50,000kg Headwind component 25kt The alternate fuel required is: a. 2550kg b. 2800kg c. 2900kg d. 2650kg

Description : Refer to CAP697 MRJT1 Fig. 4.3.6 Given: Distance to alternate 400nm Landing mass at alternate 50,000kg Headwind component 25kt The alternate fuel required is: a. 2550kg b. 2800kg c. 2900kg d. 2650kg

Last Answer : b. 2800kg

Fixation of specific gravity of urine to 1.010 is found in (A) Diabetes insipidus (B) Compulsive polydypsia (C) Cystinosis (D) Chronic glomerulonephritis

Description : Fixation of specific gravity of urine to 1.010 is found in (A) Diabetes insipidus (B) Compulsive polydypsia (C) Cystinosis (D) Chronic glomerulonephritis

Last Answer : D

An alternate substrate for orotate phosphoribosyl transferase is (A) Allopurinol (B) Xanthine (C) Hypoxanthine (D) Adenine

Description : An alternate substrate for orotate phosphoribosyl transferase is (A) Allopurinol (B) Xanthine (C) Hypoxanthine (D) Adenine

Last Answer : Answer : D

Which pathway is correct for catabolism of purines to form uric acid? (A) Guanylate→Adenylate→Xanthine→hypoxanthine→Uric acid (B) Guanylate→inosinate→Xanthine→hypoxanthine→Uric acid (C) Adenylate→Inosinate→Xanthine hypoxanthine→Uric acid (D) Adenylate→Inosinate→hypoxanthine Xanthine→Uric acid

Description : Which pathway is correct for catabolism of purines to form uric acid? (A) Guanylate→Adenylate→Xanthine→hypoxanthine→Uric acid (B) Guanylate→inosinate→Xanthine→hypoxanthine→Uric acid (C) Adenylate→Inosinate→Xanthine hypoxanthine→Uric acid (D) Adenylate→Inosinate→hypoxanthine Xanthine→Uric acid

Last Answer : Answer : D

The first pyrimidine nucleotide to be formed in de novo synthesis pathway is (A) UMP (B) CMP (C) CTP (D) TMP

Description : The first pyrimidine nucleotide to be formed in de novo synthesis pathway is (A) UMP (B) CMP (C) CTP (D) TMP

Last Answer : Answer : A

In the pathway of de novo synthesis of purine nucleotides, all the following are allosteric enzymes except (A) PRPP glutamyl amido transferase (B) Adenylosuccinate synthetase (C) IMP dehydrogenase (D) Adenylosuccinase

Description : In the pathway of de novo synthesis of purine nucleotides, all the following are allosteric enzymes except (A) PRPP glutamyl amido transferase (B) Adenylosuccinate synthetase (C) IMP dehydrogenase (D) Adenylosuccinase

Last Answer : Answer : D

In the synthetic pathway of epinephrine, disulfiram (antabuse) inhibits the enzyme: (A) Tyrosine hydroxylase (B) Dopamine β-hydroxylase (C) DOPA decarboxylase (D) N-methyl transferase

Description : In the synthetic pathway of epinephrine, disulfiram (antabuse) inhibits the enzyme: (A) Tyrosine hydroxylase (B) Dopamine β-hydroxylase (C) DOPA decarboxylase (D) N-methyl transferase

Last Answer : Answer : B

In conversion of lactic acid to glucose, three reactions of glycolytic pathway are circumvented, which of the following enzymes do not participate? (A) Pyruvate carboxylase (B) Phosphoenol pyruvate carboxy kinase (C) Pyruvate kinase (D) Glucose-6-phosphatase

Description : In conversion of lactic acid to glucose, three reactions of glycolytic pathway are circumvented, which of the following enzymes do not participate? (A) Pyruvate carboxylase (B) Phosphoenol pyruvate carboxy kinase (C) Pyruvate kinase (D) Glucose-6-phosphatase

Last Answer : Answer : B

Which one of the following statements is not characteristic of allosteric enzymes? (A) They frequently catalyze a committed step early in a metabolic pathway (B) They are often composed of subunits (C) They follow Michaelis-Menten kinetics (D) They frequently show cooperativity for substrate binding

Description : Which one of the following statements is not characteristic of allosteric enzymes? (A) They frequently catalyze a committed step early in a metabolic pathway (B) They are often composed of subunits (C) They follow Michaelis-Menten kinetics (D) They frequently show cooperativity for substrate binding

Last Answer : Answer : C

The maximum possible chain length of fatty acids formed in the pathway of de novo synthesis is (A) 16 Carbon atoms (B) 18 Carbon atoms (C) 20 Carbon atoms (D) 24 Carbon atoms

Description : The maximum possible chain length of fatty acids formed in the pathway of de novo synthesis is (A) 16 Carbon atoms (B) 18 Carbon atoms (C) 20 Carbon atoms (D) 24 Carbon atoms

Last Answer : Answer : A

Glycerol can enter glycolytic pathway via (A) Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (B) 1, 3-Biphospoglycerate (C) 3-Phosphoglycerate (D) 2-Phosphoglycerate

Description : Glycerol can enter glycolytic pathway via (A) Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (B) 1, 3-Biphospoglycerate (C) 3-Phosphoglycerate (D) 2-Phosphoglycerate

Last Answer : Answer : A

Glycolytic pathway is located in (A) Mitochondria (B) Cytosol (C) Microsomes (D) Nucleus

Description : Glycolytic pathway is located in (A) Mitochondria (B) Cytosol (C) Microsomes (D) Nucleus

Last Answer : Answer : B

An allosteric enzyme is generally inhibited by (A) Initial substrate of the pathway (B) Substrate analogues (C) Product of the reaction catalysed by allosteric enzyme (D) Product of the pathway

Description : An allosteric enzyme is generally inhibited by (A) Initial substrate of the pathway (B) Substrate analogues (C) Product of the reaction catalysed by allosteric enzyme (D) Product of the pathway

Last Answer : Answer : D

The rate limiting reaction in the lipogenic pathway is (A) Acetyl-CoA carboxylase step (B) Ketoacyl synthase step (C) Ketoacyl reductase step (D) Hydratase step

Description : The rate limiting reaction in the lipogenic pathway is (A) Acetyl-CoA carboxylase step (B) Ketoacyl synthase step (C) Ketoacyl reductase step (D) Hydratase step

Last Answer : Answer : A

The main source of reducing equivalents (NADPH) for lipogenesis is (A) Pentose phosphate pathway (B) Citric acid cycle (C) Glycolysis (D) Glycogenolysis

Description : The main source of reducing equivalents (NADPH) for lipogenesis is (A) Pentose phosphate pathway (B) Citric acid cycle (C) Glycolysis (D) Glycogenolysis

Last Answer : Answer : A

The main pathway for denovo synthesis of fatty acids occur in (A) Cytosol (B) Mitochondria (C) Microsomes (D) Nucleus

Description : The main pathway for denovo synthesis of fatty acids occur in (A) Cytosol (B) Mitochondria (C) Microsomes (D) Nucleus

Last Answer : Answer : A

In the pathway leading to biosynthesis of acetoacetate from acetyl-CoA in liver, the immediate precursor of aceotacetate is (A) Acetoacetyl-CoA (B) 3-Hydroxybutyryl-CoA (C) 3-Hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA (D) 3-Hydroxybutyrate

Description : In the pathway leading to biosynthesis of acetoacetate from acetyl-CoA in liver, the immediate precursor of aceotacetate is (A) Acetoacetyl-CoA (B) 3-Hydroxybutyryl-CoA (C) 3-Hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA (D) 3-Hydroxybutyrate

Last Answer : Answer : A

ω-oxidation is normally a very minor pathway and is brought by hydroxylase enzymes involving (A) Cytochrome a (B) Cytochrome b (C) Cytochrome c (D) Cytochrome p-450

Description : ω-oxidation is normally a very minor pathway and is brought by hydroxylase enzymes involving (A) Cytochrome a (B) Cytochrome b (C) Cytochrome c (D) Cytochrome p-450

Last Answer : Answer : C

For conjugation with many enogenous and exogenous substances before elimination in urine, the uronic acid pathway provides (A) Active glucuronate (B) Gulonate (C) Xylulose (D) Xylitol

Description : For conjugation with many enogenous and exogenous substances before elimination in urine, the uronic acid pathway provides (A) Active glucuronate (B) Gulonate (C) Xylulose (D) Xylitol

Last Answer : Answer : A