A pathway that requires NADPH as a cofactor is (A) Fatty acid oxidation (B) Extra mitochondrial denovo fatty acid synthesis (C) Ketone bodies formation (D) Glycogenesis

A pathway that requires NADPH as a cofactor is (A) Fatty acid oxidation (B) Extra mitochondrial denovo fatty acid synthesis (C) Ketone bodies formation (D) Glycogenesis
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A pathway that requires NADPH as a cofactor is (A) Extramitochondrial folic acid synthesis (B) Ketone body formation (C) Glycogenesis (D) Gluconeogenesis

Description : A pathway that requires NADPH as a cofactor is (A) Extramitochondrial folic acid synthesis (B) Ketone body formation (C) Glycogenesis (D) Gluconeogenesis

Last Answer : Answer : A

The main pathway for denovo synthesis of fatty acids occur in (A) Cytosol (B) Mitochondria (C) Microsomes (D) Nucleus

Description : The main pathway for denovo synthesis of fatty acids occur in (A) Cytosol (B) Mitochondria (C) Microsomes (D) Nucleus

Last Answer : Answer : A

Vitamin K is a cofactor for (A) Gamma carboxylation of glutamic acid residue (B) β-Oxidation of fatty acid (C) Formation of γ-amino butyrate (D) Synthesis of tryptophan

Description : Vitamin K is a cofactor for (A) Gamma carboxylation of glutamic acid residue (B) β-Oxidation of fatty acid (C) Formation of γ-amino butyrate (D) Synthesis of tryptophan

Last Answer : Answer : A

Synthesis of sphingosine requires the cofactor (A) NAD (B) NADP (C) NADPH+ (D) ATP

Description : Synthesis of sphingosine requires the cofactor (A) NAD (B) NADP (C) NADPH+ (D) ATP

Last Answer : Answer : C

In the extra mitochondrial synthesis of fatty acids, CO2 is utilized (A) To keep the system anaerobic and prevent regeneration of acetyl CoA (B) In the conversion of malonyl to CoA hydroxybutyryl CoA (C) In the conversion of acetyl CoA to malonyl CoA (D) In the formation of acetyl CoA from 1 carbon intermediates

Description : In the extra mitochondrial synthesis of fatty acids, CO2 is utilized (A) To keep the system anaerobic and prevent regeneration of acetyl CoA (B) In the conversion of malonyl to CoA hydroxybutyryl CoA (C ... of acetyl CoA to malonyl CoA (D) In the formation of acetyl CoA from 1 carbon intermediates

Last Answer : Answer : C

All the following correctly describe the intermediate 3-OH-3-methyl glutaryl CoA except (A) It is generated enzymatically in the mitochondrial matrix (B) It is formed in the cytoplasm (C) It inhibits the first step in cholesterol synthesis (D) It is involved in the synthesis of ketone bodies

Description : All the following correctly describe the intermediate 3-OH-3-methyl glutaryl CoA except (A) It is generated enzymatically in the mitochondrial matrix (B) It is formed in the cytoplasm (C) It inhibits the first step in cholesterol synthesis (D) It is involved in the synthesis of ketone bodies

Last Answer : Answer : C

Ketone bodies are synthesized from fatty acid oxidation products by which of the following organs? (A) Liver (B) Skeletal muscles (C) Kidney (D) Brain

Description : Ketone bodies are synthesized from fatty acid oxidation products by which of the following organs? (A) Liver (B) Skeletal muscles (C) Kidney (D) Brain

Last Answer : Answer : A

Acetyl CoA required for extra mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis is produced by (A) Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (B) Citrate lyase (C) Thiolase (D) Carnitine-acyl transferase

Description : Acetyl CoA required for extra mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis is produced by (A) Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (B) Citrate lyase (C) Thiolase (D) Carnitine-acyl transferase

Last Answer : Answer : B

NADPH required for fatty acid synthesis can come from (A) Hexose monophosphate shunt (B) Oxidative decarboxylation of malate (C) Extramitochondrial oxidation of isocitrate (D) All of these

Description : NADPH required for fatty acid synthesis can come from (A) Hexose monophosphate shunt (B) Oxidative decarboxylation of malate (C) Extramitochondrial oxidation of isocitrate (D) All of these

Last Answer : Answer : D

Intermediate in the denovo synthesis of triacyl glycerols include all the following except (A) Fatty acyl CoA (B) CDP diacyl glycerol (C) Glycerol-3-phosphate (D) Lysophosphatidic acid

Description : Intermediate in the denovo synthesis of triacyl glycerols include all the following except (A) Fatty acyl CoA (B) CDP diacyl glycerol (C) Glycerol-3-phosphate (D) Lysophosphatidic acid

Last Answer : Answer : B

The acetyl CoA formed on β-oxidation of all long chain fatty acids is metabolized under normal circumstances to (A) CO2 and water (B) Cholesterol (C) Fatty acids (D) Ketone bodies

Description : The acetyl CoA formed on β-oxidation of all long chain fatty acids is metabolized under normal circumstances to (A) CO2 and water (B) Cholesterol (C) Fatty acids (D) Ketone bodies

Last Answer : Answer : A

Acetyl CoA required for de novo synthesis of fatty acids is obtained from (A) Breakdown of existing fatty acids (B) Ketone bodies (C) Acetate (D) Pyruvate

Description : Acetyl CoA required for de novo synthesis of fatty acids is obtained from (A) Breakdown of existing fatty acids (B) Ketone bodies (C) Acetate (D) Pyruvate

Last Answer : Answer : D

For reduction enzyme HMG-CoA reductase requires cofactor: (A) NADPH (B) NADP (C) NAD (D) FAD

Description : For reduction enzyme HMG-CoA reductase requires cofactor: (A) NADPH (B) NADP (C) NAD (D) FAD

Last Answer : Answer : A

A soluble system for synthesis of fatty acids have been isolated from avian liver, required for the formation of long chain fatty acids by this system is (A) ATP (B) Acetyl CoA (C) NADPH (D) All of these

Description : A soluble system for synthesis of fatty acids have been isolated from avian liver, required for the formation of long chain fatty acids by this system is (A) ATP (B) Acetyl CoA (C) NADPH (D) All of these

Last Answer : Answer : D

Mitochondrial lipogenesis requires (A) bicarbonate (B) biotin (C) acetyl CoA carboxylase (D) NADPH

Description : Mitochondrial lipogenesis requires (A) bicarbonate (B) biotin (C) acetyl CoA carboxylase (D) NADPH

Last Answer : Answer : D

A cofactor required for the conversion of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA in extramitochondrial fatty acid synthesis is (A) Biotin (B) FMN (C) NAD (D) NADP

Description : A cofactor required for the conversion of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA in extramitochondrial fatty acid synthesis is (A) Biotin (B) FMN (C) NAD (D) NADP

Last Answer : Answer : A

An important reaction for the synthesis of amino acid from carbohydrate intermediates is transamination which requires the cofactor: (A) Thiamin (B) Riboflavin (C) Niacin (D) Pyridoxal phosphat

Description : An important reaction for the synthesis of amino acid from carbohydrate intermediates is transamination which requires the cofactor: (A) Thiamin (B) Riboflavin (C) Niacin (D) Pyridoxal phosphat

Last Answer : Answer : D

Which of the following is required as a reductant in fatty acid synthesis? (A) NADH (B) NADPH (C) FADH2 (D) FMNH2

Description : Which of the following is required as a reductant in fatty acid synthesis? (A) NADH (B) NADPH (C) FADH2 (D) FMNH2

Last Answer : Answer : B

What are the sources of NADPH for fatty acid synthesis?

Description : What are the sources of NADPH for fatty acid synthesis?

Last Answer : Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, malic enzyme, cytoplasmic malate dehydrogenase.

What are the steps in which NADPH is used in fatty acid synthesis?

Description : What are the steps in which NADPH is used in fatty acid synthesis?

Last Answer : Step 4 (Keto acyl reductase) and Step 6 (Enoyl reductase).

Pentose phosphate pathway is of significance because it generates (A) NADPH for reductive synthesis (B) Regenerates glucose 6-phosphate (C) Generates fructose 6-phosphate (D) Forms glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

Description : Pentose phosphate pathway is of significance because it generates (A) NADPH for reductive synthesis (B) Regenerates glucose 6-phosphate (C) Generates fructose 6-phosphate (D) Forms glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

Last Answer : Answer : A

For the activation of long chain fatty acids the enzyme thiokinase requires the cofactor: (A) Mg++ (B) Ca++ (C) Mn++ (D) K+

Description : For the activation of long chain fatty acids the enzyme thiokinase requires the cofactor: (A) Mg++ (B) Ca++ (C) Mn++ (D) K+

Last Answer : Answer : B

Epinephrine increases the concentration of free fatty acids in plasma by increasing (A) Extramitochondrial fatty acid synthesis (B) Mitochondrial fatty acid chain elongation (C) Microsomal fatty acid chain elongation (D) Lipolysis in adipose tissue

Description : Epinephrine increases the concentration of free fatty acids in plasma by increasing (A) Extramitochondrial fatty acid synthesis (B) Mitochondrial fatty acid chain elongation (C) Microsomal fatty acid chain elongation (D) Lipolysis in adipose tissue

Last Answer : Answer : D

Acetyl-CoA can be formed from (A) Pyruvate (B) Fatty acids (C) ketone bodies (D) All of these

Description : Acetyl-CoA can be formed from (A) Pyruvate (B) Fatty acids (C) ketone bodies (D) All of these

Last Answer : Answer : D

Formation of acetyl CoA from pyruvate for de novo synthesis of fatty acids requires (A) Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (B) Citrate synthetase (C) ATP citrate lyase (D) All of these

Description : Formation of acetyl CoA from pyruvate for de novo synthesis of fatty acids requires (A) Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (B) Citrate synthetase (C) ATP citrate lyase (D) All of these

Last Answer : Answer : D

β-oxidation of fatty acids is inhibited by (A) NADPH (B) Acetyl CoA (C) Malonyl CoA (D) None of these

Description : β-oxidation of fatty acids is inhibited by (A) NADPH (B) Acetyl CoA (C) Malonyl CoA (D) None of these

Last Answer : Answer : C

The synthesis of fatty acids is often termed reductive synthesis. (A) NADP+ (B) NADH (C) FADH2 (D) NADPH

Description : The synthesis of fatty acids is often termed reductive synthesis. (A) NADP+ (B) NADH (C) FADH2 (D) NADPH

Last Answer : Answer : D

Which of the following products of triacylglycerol breakdown and subsequent β-Oxidation may undergo gluconeogenesis? (A) Acetyl CoA (B) Porpionyl CoA (C) All ketone bodies (D) Some amino acids

Description : Which of the following products of triacylglycerol breakdown and subsequent β-Oxidation may undergo gluconeogenesis? (A) Acetyl CoA (B) Porpionyl CoA (C) All ketone bodies (D) Some amino acids

Last Answer : Answer : B

All the following statements about ketone bodies are true except (A) Their synthesis increases in diabetes mellitus (B) They are synthesized in mitchondria (C) They can deplete the alkali reserve (D) They can be oxidized in the liver

Description : All the following statements about ketone bodies are true except (A) Their synthesis increases in diabetes mellitus (B) They are synthesized in mitchondria (C) They can deplete the alkali reserve (D) They can be oxidized in the liver

Last Answer : Answer : D

An enzyme required for the synthesis of ketone bodies as well as cholesterol is (A) Acetyl CoA carboxylase (B) HMG CoA synthetase (C) HMG CoA reductase (D) HMG CoA lyase

Description : An enzyme required for the synthesis of ketone bodies as well as cholesterol is (A) Acetyl CoA carboxylase (B) HMG CoA synthetase (C) HMG CoA reductase (D) HMG CoA lyase

Last Answer : Answer : B

Oxidation of fatty acids occurs (A) In the cytosol (B) In the matrix of mitochondria (C) On inner mitochondrial membrane (D) On the microsomes

Description : Oxidation of fatty acids occurs (A) In the cytosol (B) In the matrix of mitochondria (C) On inner mitochondrial membrane (D) On the microsomes

Last Answer : Answer : B

All the following statements about acetyl CoA carboxylase are true except (A) It is required for de novo synthesis of fatty acids (B) It is required for mitochondrial elongation of fatty acids (C) It is required for microsomal elongation of fatty acids (D) Insulin converts its inactive form into its active form

Description : All the following statements about acetyl CoA carboxylase are true except (A) It is required for de novo synthesis of fatty acids (B) It is required for mitochondrial elongation of fatty acids ( ... for microsomal elongation of fatty acids (D) Insulin converts its inactive form into its active form

Last Answer : Answer : B

C22 and C24, fatty acids required for the synthesis of sphingolipids in brain are formed by (A) De novo synthesis (B) Microsomal chain elongation (C) Mitochondrial chain elongation (D) All of these

Description : C22 and C24, fatty acids required for the synthesis of sphingolipids in brain are formed by (A) De novo synthesis (B) Microsomal chain elongation (C) Mitochondrial chain elongation (D) All of these

Last Answer : Answer : B

Most of the metabolic pathways are either anabolic or catabolic. Which of the following pathways is considered as “amphibolic” in nature? (A) Glycogenesis (B) Glycolytic pathway (C) Lipolysis (D) TCA cycle

Description : Most of the metabolic pathways are either anabolic or catabolic. Which of the following pathways is considered as “amphibolic” in nature? (A) Glycogenesis (B) Glycolytic pathway (C) Lipolysis (D) TCA cycle

Last Answer : D

The main source of reducing equivalents (NADPH) for lipogenesis is (A) Pentose phosphate pathway (B) Citric acid cycle (C) Glycolysis (D) Glycogenolysis

Description : The main source of reducing equivalents (NADPH) for lipogenesis is (A) Pentose phosphate pathway (B) Citric acid cycle (C) Glycolysis (D) Glycogenolysis

Last Answer : Answer : A

Refsum’s disease results from a defect in the following pathway except (A) Alpha-oxidation of fatty acids (B) Beta-oxidation of fatty acids (C) Gamma-oxidation of fatty acids (D) Omega-oxidation of fatty acids

Description : Refsum’s disease results from a defect in the following pathway except (A) Alpha-oxidation of fatty acids (B) Beta-oxidation of fatty acids (C) Gamma-oxidation of fatty acids (D) Omega-oxidation of fatty acids

Last Answer : Answer : A

Which of the following can be oxidized by β-oxidation pathway? (A) Saturated fatty acids (B) Monosaturated fatty acids (C) Polyunsaturated fatty acids (D) All of these

Description : Which of the following can be oxidized by β-oxidation pathway? (A) Saturated fatty acids (B) Monosaturated fatty acids (C) Polyunsaturated fatty acids (D) All of these

Last Answer : Answer : D

The maximum possible chain length of fatty acids formed in the pathway of de novo synthesis is (A) 16 Carbon atoms (B) 18 Carbon atoms (C) 20 Carbon atoms (D) 24 Carbon atoms

Description : The maximum possible chain length of fatty acids formed in the pathway of de novo synthesis is (A) 16 Carbon atoms (B) 18 Carbon atoms (C) 20 Carbon atoms (D) 24 Carbon atoms

Last Answer : Answer : A

Which one of the following tissues can metabolize glucose, fatty acids and ketone bodies for ATP production? a. Liver b. Muscle c. Brain d. R.B.C

Description : Which one of the following tissues can metabolize glucose, fatty acids and ketone bodies for ATP production? a. Liver b. Muscle c. Brain d. R.B.C

Last Answer : Ans: B

De novo synthesis of fatty acids requires all of the following except (A) Biotin (B) NADH (C) Panthothenic acid (D) ATP

Description : De novo synthesis of fatty acids requires all of the following except (A) Biotin (B) NADH (C) Panthothenic acid (D) ATP

Last Answer : Answer : D

What are the major differences between fatty acid synthesis and beta oxidation of fatty acid?

Description : What are the major differences between fatty acid synthesis and beta oxidation of fatty acid?

Last Answer : Beta oxidation is taking place in mitochondria, fatty acid synthesis is in cytoplasm. Oxidation enzymes are independent, synthetic enzymes are grouped as a multi-enzyme complex. During oxidation, 2 carbon units ... malonyl CoA. For oxidation, NAD and FAD are necessary, for synthesis, NADPH is used.

Apart from NADPH generation, is there any other purpose for the HMPshunt pathway?

Description : Apart from NADPH generation, is there any other purpose for the HMPshunt pathway?

Last Answer : The pathway is required for the synthesis of ribose, the pentose phosphates are necessary for nucleotide (DNA and RNA) synthesis.

Glycogenesis requires (A) GTP (B) CTP (C) UTP (D) None of these

Description : Glycogenesis requires (A) GTP (B) CTP (C) UTP (D) None of these

Last Answer : Answer : C

Insulin regulates fatty acid synthesis by (A) Dephosphorylating of acetyl CoA carboxylase (B) Activating phosphorylase (C) Inhibiting malonyl CoA formation (D) Controlling carnitine-Acyl CoA transferase activity

Description : Insulin regulates fatty acid synthesis by (A) Dephosphorylating of acetyl CoA carboxylase (B) Activating phosphorylase (C) Inhibiting malonyl CoA formation (D) Controlling carnitine-Acyl CoA transferase activity

Last Answer : Answer : A

Conversion of retinal into ritonal requires the presence of (A) NADH (B) NADPH (C) FADH2 (D) Lipoic acid

Description : Conversion of retinal into ritonal requires the presence of (A) NADH (B) NADPH (C) FADH2 (D) Lipoic acid

Last Answer : Answer : B

All the following statements regarding ketone bodies are true except (A) They may result from starvation (B) They are formed in kidneys (C) They include acetoacetic acid and acetone (D) They may be excreted in urine

Description : All the following statements regarding ketone bodies are true except (A) They may result from starvation (B) They are formed in kidneys (C) They include acetoacetic acid and acetone (D) They may be excreted in urine

Last Answer : Answer : B

In human and other ureotelic organisms, the end product of amino acid nitrogen metabolism: (A) Bile acids (B) Ketone bodies (C) Urea (D) Barium sulphate

Description : In human and other ureotelic organisms, the end product of amino acid nitrogen metabolism: (A) Bile acids (B) Ketone bodies (C) Urea (D) Barium sulphate

Last Answer : Answer : C

Glucocorticoids increase all of the following except (A) Gluconeogenesis (B) Lipolysis in extremities (C) Synthesis of elcosanoida (D) Hepatic glycogenesis

Description : Glucocorticoids increase all of the following except (A) Gluconeogenesis (B) Lipolysis in extremities (C) Synthesis of elcosanoida (D) Hepatic glycogenesis

Last Answer : Answer : C

Synthesis of Glucose from amino acids is termed as (A) Glycolysis (B) Gluconeogenesis (C) Glycogenesis (D) Lipogenesis

Description : Synthesis of Glucose from amino acids is termed as (A) Glycolysis (B) Gluconeogenesis (C) Glycogenesis (D) Lipogenesis

Last Answer : B

β-Oxidation of fatty acids requires all the following coenzymes except (A) CoA (B) FAD (C) NAD (D) NADP

Description : β-Oxidation of fatty acids requires all the following coenzymes except (A) CoA (B) FAD (C) NAD (D) NADP

Last Answer : Answer : D