What are the sources of NADPH for fatty acid synthesis?

What are the sources of NADPH for fatty acid synthesis?
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Answer :

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, malic enzyme, cytoplasmic malate dehydrogenase.
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A pathway that requires NADPH as a cofactor is (A) Fatty acid oxidation (B) Extra mitochondrial denovo fatty acid synthesis (C) Ketone bodies formation (D) Glycogenesis

Description : A pathway that requires NADPH as a cofactor is (A) Fatty acid oxidation (B) Extra mitochondrial denovo fatty acid synthesis (C) Ketone bodies formation (D) Glycogenesis

Last Answer : Answer : B

NADPH required for fatty acid synthesis can come from (A) Hexose monophosphate shunt (B) Oxidative decarboxylation of malate (C) Extramitochondrial oxidation of isocitrate (D) All of these

Description : NADPH required for fatty acid synthesis can come from (A) Hexose monophosphate shunt (B) Oxidative decarboxylation of malate (C) Extramitochondrial oxidation of isocitrate (D) All of these

Last Answer : Answer : D

Which of the following is required as a reductant in fatty acid synthesis? (A) NADH (B) NADPH (C) FADH2 (D) FMNH2

Description : Which of the following is required as a reductant in fatty acid synthesis? (A) NADH (B) NADPH (C) FADH2 (D) FMNH2

Last Answer : Answer : B

What are the steps in which NADPH is used in fatty acid synthesis?

Description : What are the steps in which NADPH is used in fatty acid synthesis?

Last Answer : Step 4 (Keto acyl reductase) and Step 6 (Enoyl reductase).

The synthesis of fatty acids is often termed reductive synthesis. (A) NADP+ (B) NADH (C) FADH2 (D) NADPH

Description : The synthesis of fatty acids is often termed reductive synthesis. (A) NADP+ (B) NADH (C) FADH2 (D) NADPH

Last Answer : Answer : D

A soluble system for synthesis of fatty acids have been isolated from avian liver, required for the formation of long chain fatty acids by this system is (A) ATP (B) Acetyl CoA (C) NADPH (D) All of these

Description : A soluble system for synthesis of fatty acids have been isolated from avian liver, required for the formation of long chain fatty acids by this system is (A) ATP (B) Acetyl CoA (C) NADPH (D) All of these

Last Answer : Answer : D

A pathway that requires NADPH as a cofactor is (A) Extramitochondrial folic acid synthesis (B) Ketone body formation (C) Glycogenesis (D) Gluconeogenesis

Description : A pathway that requires NADPH as a cofactor is (A) Extramitochondrial folic acid synthesis (B) Ketone body formation (C) Glycogenesis (D) Gluconeogenesis

Last Answer : Answer : A

β-oxidation of fatty acids is inhibited by (A) NADPH (B) Acetyl CoA (C) Malonyl CoA (D) None of these

Description : β-oxidation of fatty acids is inhibited by (A) NADPH (B) Acetyl CoA (C) Malonyl CoA (D) None of these

Last Answer : Answer : C

Synthesis of sphingosine requires the cofactor (A) NAD (B) NADP (C) NADPH+ (D) ATP

Description : Synthesis of sphingosine requires the cofactor (A) NAD (B) NADP (C) NADPH+ (D) ATP

Last Answer : Answer : C

Pentose phosphate pathway is of significance because it generates (A) NADPH for reductive synthesis (B) Regenerates glucose 6-phosphate (C) Generates fructose 6-phosphate (D) Forms glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

Description : Pentose phosphate pathway is of significance because it generates (A) NADPH for reductive synthesis (B) Regenerates glucose 6-phosphate (C) Generates fructose 6-phosphate (D) Forms glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

Last Answer : Answer : A

For synthesis of sphingosine, all the following coenzymes are required except (A) Pyridoxal phosphate (B) NADPH (C) FAD (D) NAD

Description : For synthesis of sphingosine, all the following coenzymes are required except (A) Pyridoxal phosphate (B) NADPH (C) FAD (D) NAD

Last Answer : Answer : D

Apart from reductive synthesis, NADPH is used for what purpose?

Description : Apart from reductive synthesis, NADPH is used for what purpose?

Last Answer : It is necessary to keep the integrity of RBC membrane, it is needed for keeping glutathione in reduced state, it is required for keeping transparency of lens, it is necessary for superoxide production inside macrophages.

Insulin regulates fatty acid synthesis by (A) Dephosphorylating of acetyl CoA carboxylase (B) Activating phosphorylase (C) Inhibiting malonyl CoA formation (D) Controlling carnitine-Acyl CoA transferase activity

Description : Insulin regulates fatty acid synthesis by (A) Dephosphorylating of acetyl CoA carboxylase (B) Activating phosphorylase (C) Inhibiting malonyl CoA formation (D) Controlling carnitine-Acyl CoA transferase activity

Last Answer : Answer : A

Epinephrine increases the concentration of free fatty acids in plasma by increasing (A) Extramitochondrial fatty acid synthesis (B) Mitochondrial fatty acid chain elongation (C) Microsomal fatty acid chain elongation (D) Lipolysis in adipose tissue

Description : Epinephrine increases the concentration of free fatty acids in plasma by increasing (A) Extramitochondrial fatty acid synthesis (B) Mitochondrial fatty acid chain elongation (C) Microsomal fatty acid chain elongation (D) Lipolysis in adipose tissue

Last Answer : Answer : D

Insulin increases (A) Protein synthesis (B) Fatty acid synthesis (C) Glycogen synthesis (D) All of these

Description : Insulin increases (A) Protein synthesis (B) Fatty acid synthesis (C) Glycogen synthesis (D) All of these

Last Answer : Answer : D

The enzyme regulating extramitochondrial fatty acid synthesis is (A) Thioesterase (B) Acetyl CoA carboxylase (C) Acyl transferase (D) Multi-enzyme complex

Description : The enzyme regulating extramitochondrial fatty acid synthesis is (A) Thioesterase (B) Acetyl CoA carboxylase (C) Acyl transferase (D) Multi-enzyme complex

Last Answer : Answer : B

A cofactor required for the conversion of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA in extramitochondrial fatty acid synthesis is (A) Biotin (B) FMN (C) NAD (D) NADP

Description : A cofactor required for the conversion of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA in extramitochondrial fatty acid synthesis is (A) Biotin (B) FMN (C) NAD (D) NADP

Last Answer : Answer : A

Vitamin K is a cofactor for (A) Gamma carboxylation of glutamic acid residue (B) β-Oxidation of fatty acid (C) Formation of γ-amino butyrate (D) Synthesis of tryptophan

Description : Vitamin K is a cofactor for (A) Gamma carboxylation of glutamic acid residue (B) β-Oxidation of fatty acid (C) Formation of γ-amino butyrate (D) Synthesis of tryptophan

Last Answer : Answer : A

Intermediate in the denovo synthesis of triacyl glycerols include all the following except (A) Fatty acyl CoA (B) CDP diacyl glycerol (C) Glycerol-3-phosphate (D) Lysophosphatidic acid

Description : Intermediate in the denovo synthesis of triacyl glycerols include all the following except (A) Fatty acyl CoA (B) CDP diacyl glycerol (C) Glycerol-3-phosphate (D) Lysophosphatidic acid

Last Answer : Answer : B

Which of the following regulates lipolysis in adipocytes? (A) Activation of fatty acid synthesis mediated by CAMP (B) Glycerol phosphorylation to prevent futile esterification of fatty acids (C) Activation of triglyceride lipase as a result of hormone stimulated increases in CAMP levels (D) Activation of CAMP production by Insulin

Description : Which of the following regulates lipolysis in adipocytes? (A) Activation of fatty acid synthesis mediated by CAMP (B) Glycerol phosphorylation to prevent futile esterification of fatty acids (C) ... result of hormone stimulated increases in CAMP levels (D) Activation of CAMP production by Insulin

Last Answer : Answer : C

Acetyl CoA required for extra mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis is produced by (A) Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (B) Citrate lyase (C) Thiolase (D) Carnitine-acyl transferase

Description : Acetyl CoA required for extra mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis is produced by (A) Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (B) Citrate lyase (C) Thiolase (D) Carnitine-acyl transferase

Last Answer : Answer : B

All statements regarding 3-OH-3 methyl glutaryl CoA are true except (A) It is formed in the cytoplasm (B) Required in ketogenesis (C) Involved in synthesis of Fatty acid (D) An intermediate in cholesterol biosynthesis

Description : All statements regarding 3-OH-3 methyl glutaryl CoA are true except (A) It is formed in the cytoplasm (B) Required in ketogenesis (C) Involved in synthesis of Fatty acid (D) An intermediate in cholesterol biosynthesis

Last Answer : Answer : B

Which of the following cofactors or their derivatives must be present for the conversion of acetyl CoA to malonyl CoA extramitochondrial fatty acid synthesis? (A) Biotin (B) FAD (C) FMN (D) ACP

Description : Which of the following cofactors or their derivatives must be present for the conversion of acetyl CoA to malonyl CoA extramitochondrial fatty acid synthesis? (A) Biotin (B) FAD (C) FMN (D) ACP

Last Answer : Answer : A

Acyl carrier protein is involved in the synthesis of (A) protein (B) glycogen (C) fatty acid outside the mitochondria (D) fatty acid in the mitochondria

Description : Acyl carrier protein is involved in the synthesis of (A) protein (B) glycogen (C) fatty acid outside the mitochondria (D) fatty acid in the mitochondria

Last Answer : Answer : C

Fatty acid synthesis takes place in the presence of the coenzyme: (A) NAD+ (B) Reduced NAD (C) NADP+ (D) Reduced NADP

Description : Fatty acid synthesis takes place in the presence of the coenzyme: (A) NAD+ (B) Reduced NAD (C) NADP+ (D) Reduced NADP

Last Answer : Answer : D

For extramitochondrial fatty acid synthesis, acetyl CoA may be obtained from (A) Citrate (B) Isocitrate (C) Oxaloacetate (D) Succinate

Description : For extramitochondrial fatty acid synthesis, acetyl CoA may be obtained from (A) Citrate (B) Isocitrate (C) Oxaloacetate (D) Succinate

Last Answer : Answer : A

One functional sub-unit of multi-enzyme complex for de novo synthesis of fatty acids contains (A) One —SH group (B) Two —SH groups (C) Three —SH groups (D) Four —SH groups FATS AND FATTY ACID METABOLISM 87

Description : One functional sub-unit of multi-enzyme complex for de novo synthesis of fatty acids contains (A) One —SH group (B) Two —SH groups (C) Three —SH groups (D) Four —SH groups FATS AND FATTY ACID METABOLISM 87

Last Answer : Answer : B

Acetyl CoA carboxylase regulates fatty acid synthesis by which of the following mechanism? (A) Allosteric regulation (B) Covalent modification (C) Induction and repression (D) All of these

Description : Acetyl CoA carboxylase regulates fatty acid synthesis by which of the following mechanism? (A) Allosteric regulation (B) Covalent modification (C) Induction and repression (D) All of these

Last Answer : Answer : D

De novo synthesis of fatty acids requires all of the following except (A) Biotin (B) NADH (C) Panthothenic acid (D) ATP

Description : De novo synthesis of fatty acids requires all of the following except (A) Biotin (B) NADH (C) Panthothenic acid (D) ATP

Last Answer : Answer : D

Deficiency of biotin results in decrease in (A) Amino acid synthesis (B) Lipid synthesis (C) Kidney (D) Fatty acid synthesis

Description : Deficiency of biotin results in decrease in (A) Amino acid synthesis (B) Lipid synthesis (C) Kidney (D) Fatty acid synthesis

Last Answer : Answer : D

For synthesis of prostaglandins, the essential fatty acids give rise to a fatty acid containing (A) 12 carbon atoms (B) 16 carbon atoms (C) 20 carbon atoms (D) 24 carbon atoms

Description : For synthesis of prostaglandins, the essential fatty acids give rise to a fatty acid containing (A) 12 carbon atoms (B) 16 carbon atoms (C) 20 carbon atoms (D) 24 carbon atoms

Last Answer : Answer : C

Acetyl CoA is not used for the synthesis of (A) Fatty acid (B) Cholesterol (C) Pyruvic acid (D) Citric acid

Description : Acetyl CoA is not used for the synthesis of (A) Fatty acid (B) Cholesterol (C) Pyruvic acid (D) Citric acid

Last Answer : C

What is the action of insulin on fatty acid synthesis?

Description : What is the action of insulin on fatty acid synthesis?

Last Answer : Insulin favours lipogenesis.

How is fatty acid synthesis regulated?

Description : How is fatty acid synthesis regulated? 

Last Answer : Key enzyme, acetyl CoA carboxylase, is stimulated by citrate and inhibited by palmitoyl CoA.

Acetyl CoA from mitochondria is transferred to cytoplasm for the de novo synthesis of fatty acid, by which enzyme?

Description : Acetyl CoA from mitochondria is transferred to cytoplasm for the de novo synthesis of fatty acid, by which enzyme?

Last Answer : ATP citrate lyase.

What is the rate limiting enzyme of de novo synthesis of fatty acid?

Description : What is the rate limiting enzyme of de novo synthesis of fatty acid?

Last Answer : Acetyl CoA carboxylase.

What are the major differences between fatty acid synthesis and beta oxidation of fatty acid?

Description : What are the major differences between fatty acid synthesis and beta oxidation of fatty acid?

Last Answer : Beta oxidation is taking place in mitochondria, fatty acid synthesis is in cytoplasm. Oxidation enzymes are independent, synthetic enzymes are grouped as a multi-enzyme complex. During oxidation, 2 carbon units ... malonyl CoA. For oxidation, NAD and FAD are necessary, for synthesis, NADPH is used.

Pantothenic acid acts on (A) NADP (B) NADPH (C) FAD (D) CoA

Description : Pantothenic acid acts on (A) NADP (B) NADPH (C) FAD (D) CoA

Last Answer : Answer : B

The main source of reducing equivalents (NADPH) for lipogenesis is (A) Pentose phosphate pathway (B) Citric acid cycle (C) Glycolysis (D) Glycogenolysis

Description : The main source of reducing equivalents (NADPH) for lipogenesis is (A) Pentose phosphate pathway (B) Citric acid cycle (C) Glycolysis (D) Glycogenolysis

Last Answer : Answer : A

Conversion of retinal into ritonal requires the presence of (A) NADH (B) NADPH (C) FADH2 (D) Lipoic acid

Description : Conversion of retinal into ritonal requires the presence of (A) NADH (B) NADPH (C) FADH2 (D) Lipoic acid

Last Answer : Answer : B

All the following statements about acetyl CoA carboxylase are true except (A) It is required for de novo synthesis of fatty acids (B) It is required for mitochondrial elongation of fatty acids (C) It is required for microsomal elongation of fatty acids (D) Insulin converts its inactive form into its active form

Description : All the following statements about acetyl CoA carboxylase are true except (A) It is required for de novo synthesis of fatty acids (B) It is required for mitochondrial elongation of fatty acids ( ... for microsomal elongation of fatty acids (D) Insulin converts its inactive form into its active form

Last Answer : Answer : B

Formation of acetyl CoA from pyruvate for de novo synthesis of fatty acids requires (A) Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (B) Citrate synthetase (C) ATP citrate lyase (D) All of these

Description : Formation of acetyl CoA from pyruvate for de novo synthesis of fatty acids requires (A) Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (B) Citrate synthetase (C) ATP citrate lyase (D) All of these

Last Answer : Answer : D

Acetyl CoA required for de novo synthesis of fatty acids is obtained from (A) Breakdown of existing fatty acids (B) Ketone bodies (C) Acetate (D) Pyruvate

Description : Acetyl CoA required for de novo synthesis of fatty acids is obtained from (A) Breakdown of existing fatty acids (B) Ketone bodies (C) Acetate (D) Pyruvate

Last Answer : Answer : D

The maximum possible chain length of fatty acids formed in the pathway of de novo synthesis is (A) 16 Carbon atoms (B) 18 Carbon atoms (C) 20 Carbon atoms (D) 24 Carbon atoms

Description : The maximum possible chain length of fatty acids formed in the pathway of de novo synthesis is (A) 16 Carbon atoms (B) 18 Carbon atoms (C) 20 Carbon atoms (D) 24 Carbon atoms

Last Answer : Answer : A

Synthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids involves the enzyme systems: (A) Acyl transferase and hydratase (B) Desaturase and elongase (C) Ketoacyl-CoA reductase and hydratase (D) Dihydroxyacetone phosphate

Description : Synthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids involves the enzyme systems: (A) Acyl transferase and hydratase (B) Desaturase and elongase (C) Ketoacyl-CoA reductase and hydratase (D) Dihydroxyacetone phosphate

Last Answer : Answer : A

The main pathway for denovo synthesis of fatty acids occur in (A) Cytosol (B) Mitochondria (C) Microsomes (D) Nucleus

Description : The main pathway for denovo synthesis of fatty acids occur in (A) Cytosol (B) Mitochondria (C) Microsomes (D) Nucleus

Last Answer : Answer : A

CTP is required for the synthesis of (A) Fatty acids (B) Proteins (C) Phospholipids (D) Cholesterol

Description : CTP is required for the synthesis of (A) Fatty acids (B) Proteins (C) Phospholipids (D) Cholesterol

Last Answer : Answer : C

In the extra mitochondrial synthesis of fatty acids, CO2 is utilized (A) To keep the system anaerobic and prevent regeneration of acetyl CoA (B) In the conversion of malonyl to CoA hydroxybutyryl CoA (C) In the conversion of acetyl CoA to malonyl CoA (D) In the formation of acetyl CoA from 1 carbon intermediates

Description : In the extra mitochondrial synthesis of fatty acids, CO2 is utilized (A) To keep the system anaerobic and prevent regeneration of acetyl CoA (B) In the conversion of malonyl to CoA hydroxybutyryl CoA (C ... of acetyl CoA to malonyl CoA (D) In the formation of acetyl CoA from 1 carbon intermediates

Last Answer : Answer : C

De novo synthesis and oxidation of fatty acids differ in the following respect: (A) Synthesis occurs in cytosol and oxidation in mitochondria (B) Synthesis is decreased and oxidation increased by insulin (C) NADH is required in synthesis and FAD in oxidation (D) Malonyl CoA is formed during oxidation but not during synthesis

Description : De novo synthesis and oxidation of fatty acids differ in the following respect: (A) Synthesis occurs in cytosol and oxidation in mitochondria (B) Synthesis is decreased and oxidation increased by ... synthesis and FAD in oxidation (D) Malonyl CoA is formed during oxidation but not during synthesis

Last Answer : Answer : A

Acetyl CoA formed from pyruvate can be used for the synthesis of all the following except (A) Glucose (B) Fatty acids (C) Cholesterol (D) Steroid hormones

Description : Acetyl CoA formed from pyruvate can be used for the synthesis of all the following except (A) Glucose (B) Fatty acids (C) Cholesterol (D) Steroid hormones

Last Answer : Answer : A