G-proteins act as (A) Hormone carriers (B) Hormone receptors (C) Second messengers (D) Signal transducers

G-proteins act as (A) Hormone carriers (B) Hormone receptors (C) Second messengers (D) Signal transducers
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All of the following subserve as intracellular second messengers in receptor mediated signal transduction except: A. Cyclic AMP B. Inositol trisphosphate C. Diacyl glycerols D. G proteins

Description : All of the following subserve as intracellular second messengers in receptor mediated signal transduction except: A. Cyclic AMP B. Inositol trisphosphate C. Diacyl glycerols D. G proteins

Last Answer : D. G proteins

All of the following subserve as intracellular second messengers in receptor mediated signal transduction except: A. Cyclic AMP B. Inositol trisphosphate C. Diacyl glycerols D. G proteins

Description : All of the following subserve as intracellular second messengers in receptor mediated signal transduction except: A. Cyclic AMP B. Inositol trisphosphate C. Diacyl glycerols D. G proteins

Last Answer : D. G proteins

Various oncogens may encode all of the following except: (A) Carcinogens (B) Growth factors (C) Receptors for growth factors (D) Signal transducers for growth factors

Description : Various oncogens may encode all of the following except: (A) Carcinogens (B) Growth factors (C) Receptors for growth factors (D) Signal transducers for growth factors

Last Answer : Answer : A

The following are true about G proteins: a. they are first messengers b. when activated, the alpha subunit exchange GDP for GTP c. they are transmembrane signal receptor molecules d. vibrio cholerae secrets an exotoxin which makes G-proteins resistant to inactivation

Description : The following are true about G proteins: a. they are first messengers b. when activated, the alpha subunit exchange GDP for GTP c. they are transmembrane signal receptor molecules d. vibrio cholerae secrets an exotoxin which makes G-proteins resistant to inactivation

Last Answer : when activated, the alpha subunit exchange GDP for GTP

Most hormone receptors are localized on the cell membrane and transduce hormone binding into altered levels of intracellular messengers. A limited number of intracellular receptors do exist. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning intracellular receptors? a. The messengers or hormones must by lipophilic b. These intracellular receptors generally regulate protein synthesis c. The intracellular receptors are located entirely in the nucleus of the cell d. A heat-shock protein serves as an inhibitor protein blocking the DNA-binding domain of the steroid receptor

Description : Most hormone receptors are localized on the cell membrane and transduce hormone binding into altered levels of intracellular messengers. A limited number of intracellular receptors do exist. Which of ... protein serves as an inhibitor protein blocking the DNA-binding domain of the steroid receptor

Last Answer : Answer: a, d Although most hormone and other messenger receptors are extracellular, intracellular receptors have been identified. The hormone messengers involved for these receptors are primarily ... DNA-binding domain of the receptor. Activation involves the dissociation of the inhibitor protein

Hormone receptors that stimulate cAMP production (A) are part of a complex of two proteins that transform the external signal into internal cAMP production (B) are proteins distinct and separate from those that catalyze the production of cAMP (C) cause release of the catalytic subunit upon binding of the hormone (D) are not very specific and bind a number of different hormones

Description : Hormone receptors that stimulate cAMP production (A) are part of a complex of two proteins that transform the external signal into internal cAMP production (B) are proteins distinct and separate from those ... binding of the hormone (D) are not very specific and bind a number of different hormones

Last Answer : Answer : B

All the following statements about steroid hormones are true except (A) They are hydrophobic (B) They require carriers to transport them in circulation (C) Their receptors are intracellular (D) They require cyclic AMP as second messenger

Description : All the following statements about steroid hormones are true except (A) They are hydrophobic (B) They require carriers to transport them in circulation (C) Their receptors are intracellular (D) They require cyclic AMP as second messenger

Last Answer : Answer : D

Second messengers a. are substances that interact with first messengers inside cells b. are substances that bind to first messengers in the cell membrane c. are hormones secreted by cells in response to stimulation by another hormone d. mediate the intracellular responses to many different hormonesand neurotransmitters e. are not formed in the brain

Description : Second messengers a. are substances that interact with first messengers inside cells b. are substances that bind to first messengers in the cell membrane c. are hormones secreted by cells ... the intracellular responses to many different hormonesand neurotransmitters e. are not formed in the brain

Last Answer : mediate the intracellular responses to many different hormonesand neurotransmitters

Hormone receptors possess all the following properties except (A) All of them are proteins (B) They possess a recognition domain (C) They bind hormones with a high degree of specificity (D) Number of receptors in a target cell is constant

Description : Hormone receptors possess all the following properties except (A) All of them are proteins (B) They possess a recognition domain (C) They bind hormones with a high degree of specificity (D) Number of receptors in a target cell is constant

Last Answer : Answer : D

Receptors for thyroid hormones are present (A) On the cell membrane (B) Across the cell membrane (C) Inside the cells (D) In association with G-proteins

Description : Receptors for thyroid hormones are present (A) On the cell membrane (B) Across the cell membrane (C) Inside the cells (D) In association with G-proteins

Last Answer : Answer : C

All the following statements about hormones are true except (A) All of them require specific carriers in plasma (B) All of them require specific receptors in target cells (C) Some of them are subject to feedback regulation (D) Some of them increase the transcription of certain genes

Description : All the following statements about hormones are true except (A) All of them require specific carriers in plasma (B) All of them require specific receptors in target cells (C) Some of them are subject to feedback regulation (D) Some of them increase the transcription of certain genes

Last Answer : Answer : A

All the following statements about TSH are true except (A) It is a tropic hormone (B) It acts on para-follicular cells of thyroid glands (C) Its receptors are membrane-bound (D) Its second messenger is cyclic AMP

Description : All the following statements about TSH are true except (A) It is a tropic hormone (B) It acts on para-follicular cells of thyroid glands (C) Its receptors are membrane-bound (D) Its second messenger is cyclic AMP

Last Answer : Answer : B

All the following statements about ACTH are true except (A) It is a tropic hormone (B) Its target cells are located in adrenal cortex (C) Its receptors are located in the cell membrane (D) Its second messenger is inositol triphosphate

Description : All the following statements about ACTH are true except (A) It is a tropic hormone (B) Its target cells are located in adrenal cortex (C) Its receptors are located in the cell membrane (D) Its second messenger is inositol triphosphate

Last Answer : Answer : D

Cell regulation can be thought of as the effector side of cell communication. Most commonly cell regulation occurs by means of extracellular chemical messengers. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning these messengers? a. Paracrine regulation involves a messenger which is produced and acts systemically b. The extracellular signal or stimulus is received by a receptor on or in the target cell c. Neurocrine regulation depends on a physical connection between the neuron and the target cell d. Most hormones, local mediators, and neurotransmitters readily cross the cell plasma membrane

Description : Cell regulation can be thought of as the effector side of cell communication. Most commonly cell regulation occurs by means of extracellular chemical messengers. Which of the following statement(s ... d. Most hormones, local mediators, and neurotransmitters readily cross the cell plasma membrane

Last Answer : Answer: b, c Depending on how the extracellular messenger arrives, cell regulation can be classified as paracrine, endocrine, or neurocrine. In paracrine regulation, a chemical messenger ... , local mediators, and neurotransmitters are water-soluble and cannot readily cross the plasma membrane

(A) Cation carriers, e.g., `H-Br,Cl-OH` and `Br-Br` and oxidising agents such as `O_(3)` and `R-O-O-R`, etc. act as electrophilic reagents. (R) Electr

Description : (A) Cation carriers, e.g., `H-Br,Cl-OH` and `Br-Br` and oxidising agents such as `O_(3)` and `R-O-O-R`, etc. act as electrophilic reagents. (R) Electr

Last Answer : (A) Cation carriers, e.g., `H-Br,Cl-OH` and `Br-Br` and oxidising agents such as `O_(3)` and ... incorrect. D. IF (A) is incorrect but (R) is correct.

Which statement is NOT true about steroid hormones? A) They include hormones such as estrogen. B) They do not bind to cell surface receptors. C) The hormone-receptor complex can enter the nucleus. D) The hormone-receptor complex can bind to chromatin. E) Steroid hormones act faster than non-steroid (peptide) hormones.

Description : Which statement is NOT true about steroid hormones? A) They include hormones such as estrogen. B) They do not bind to cell surface receptors. C) The hormone-receptor complex can enter the ... complex can bind to chromatin. E) Steroid hormones act faster than non-steroid (peptide) hormones.

Last Answer : E) Steroid hormones act faster than non-steroid (peptide) hormones.

Chemical which are nono-nutrients and act as inter cellular messengers are known as

Description : Chemical which are nono-nutrients and act as inter cellular messengers are known as

Last Answer : Chemical which are nono-nutrients and act as inter cellular messengers are known as

What are Lipids that act as chemical messengers called?

Description : What are Lipids that act as chemical messengers called?

Last Answer : Need answer

List three common second messengers and the enzyme responsible for their production:

Description : List three common second messengers and the enzyme responsible for their production:

Last Answer : - cAMP - synthesized from ATP by adenylate cyclase - diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3)- produced by the phospholipase C - Ca2+ - released from intracellular stores (the second messenger IP3 is a common trigger for Ca2+ release).

What are second messengers?

Description : What are second messengers?

Last Answer : Second messengers are small molecules that initiate and coordinate intracellular signaling pathways. Second messenger synthesis (or release) is triggered by receptor activation.

Insulin receptors are decreased in number in (A) Obesity (B) Starvation (C) Hyperinsulinism (D) Kwashiorkor HORMONE METABOLISM 221

Description : Insulin receptors are decreased in number in (A) Obesity (B) Starvation (C) Hyperinsulinism (D) Kwashiorkor HORMONE METABOLISM 221

Last Answer : Answer : A

Down regulation is (A) Increased destruction of a hormone (B) Feed back inhibition of hormone secretion (C) Decreased concentration of a hormone in blood (D) Decrease in number of receptors for a hormone

Description : Down regulation is (A) Increased destruction of a hormone (B) Feed back inhibition of hormone secretion (C) Decreased concentration of a hormone in blood (D) Decrease in number of receptors for a hormone

Last Answer : Answer : D

The only correct statement about hormone receptors is (A) Receptors for protein hormones are present in cytosol (B) Receptors for steroid hormones are membrane bound (C) Hormone-receptor binding is irreversible (D) Receptors can undergo down regulation and up regulatoin

Description : The only correct statement about hormone receptors is (A) Receptors for protein hormones are present in cytosol (B) Receptors for steroid hormones are membrane bound (C) Hormone-receptor binding is irreversible (D) Receptors can undergo down regulation and up regulatoin

Last Answer : Answer : D

MHC Class III proteins include (A) Immunoglobulins (B) Components of complement system (C) T cells receptors (D) CD4 and CD8 proteins

Description : MHC Class III proteins include (A) Immunoglobulins (B) Components of complement system (C) T cells receptors (D) CD4 and CD8 proteins

Last Answer : Answer : D

Which one of the following drugs does NOT act through G-Protein coupled receptors? (A) Epinephrine (B) Insulin (C) Dopamine (D) TSH

Description : Which one of the following drugs does NOT act through G-Protein coupled receptors? (A) Epinephrine (B) Insulin (C) Dopamine (D) TSH

Last Answer : (B) Insulin

G-proteins: a. are activated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a membrane receptor b. can be mutated in tumour cells c. mediate the action of glucocorticoid hormone d. they are inactivated by cholera toxins

Description : G-proteins: a. are activated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a membrane receptor b. can be mutated in tumour cells c. mediate the action of glucocorticoid hormone d. they are inactivated by cholera toxins

Last Answer : are activated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a membrane receptor

Astimulatory G-protein transduces the signals from (A) α1-and β1-adrenergic receptors (B) α2-and β2-adrenergic receptors (C) α1-and α2-adrenergic receptors (D) β1-and β2-adrenergic receptors

Description : Astimulatory G-protein transduces the signals from (A) α1-and β1-adrenergic receptors (B) α2-and β2-adrenergic receptors (C) α1-and α2-adrenergic receptors (D) β1-and β2-adrenergic receptors

Last Answer : Answer : D

Binding of thyroxine to its receptors (A) Activates Adenylate cyclase (B) Activates guanylate cyclase (C) Activates a stimulatory G-protein (D) Increases transcription

Description : Binding of thyroxine to its receptors (A) Activates Adenylate cyclase (B) Activates guanylate cyclase (C) Activates a stimulatory G-protein (D) Increases transcription

Last Answer : Answer : D

Which is associated with a steroid hormone? A) cyclic AMP B) the second messenger system C) production of new proteins D) activation of proteins present in an inactive form E) binding of a protein to a surface receptor on the plasma membrane

Description : Which is associated with a steroid hormone? A) cyclic AMP B) the second messenger system C) production of new proteins D) activation of proteins present in an inactive form E) binding of a protein to a surface receptor on the plasma membrane

Last Answer : C) production of new proteins

The following are true about the thyroid hormone a. iodide ions enter the follicle cells by passive diffusion b .T4 and T3 bind to the receptors in nuclei c. thyroxine, once synthesized, is coupled to thyroglobulin until released d. a greater proportion of tri-iodothyronine is formed when iodine is deficient

Description : The following are true about the thyroid hormone a. iodide ions enter the follicle cells by passive diffusion b .T4 and T3 bind to the receptors in nuclei c. thyroxine, once ... thyroglobulin until released d. a greater proportion of tri-iodothyronine is formed when iodine is deficient

Last Answer : T4 and T3 bind to the receptors in nuclei

What is correct to say about the hormone action in humans? (a) Glucagon is secreted by β-cells of islets of Langerhans and stimulates glycogenolysis. (b) Secretion of thymosins is stimulated with aging. (c) In females, FSH first binds with specific receptors on ovarian cell membrane. (d) FSH stimulates the secretion of estrogen and progesterone.

Description : What is correct to say about the hormone action in humans? (a) Glucagon is secreted by β-cells of islets of Langerhans and stimulates glycogenolysis. (b) Secretion of thymosins is stimulated ... receptors on ovarian cell membrane. (d) FSH stimulates the secretion of estrogen and progesterone.

Last Answer : (c) In females, FSH first binds with specific receptors on ovarian cell membrane.

Which of the following is NOT true about hormones? A) Hormones are secreted into the bloodstream. B) Hormones are released from exocrine glands. C) Hormones may be classified as peptides or steroids. D) Hormones usually affect a target organ. E) Cells that react to a hormone have specific receptors for that hormone.

Description : Which of the following is NOT true about hormones? A) Hormones are secreted into the bloodstream. B) Hormones are released from exocrine glands. C) Hormones may be classified as peptides or steroids. ... a target organ. E) Cells that react to a hormone have specific receptors for that hormone.

Last Answer : B) Hormones are released from exocrine glands.

What is correct to say about the hormone action in humans ? (1) FSH stimulates the secretion of estrogen and progesterone (2) Glucagon is secreted by -cells of Islets of Langerhans and stimulates glycogenolysis (3) Secretion of thymosins is stimulated with aging (4) If females, FSH first binds with specific receptors on ovarian cell membrane

Description : What is correct to say about the hormone action in humans ? (1) FSH stimulates the secretion of estrogen and progesterone (2) Glucagon is secreted by -cells of Islets of Langerhans and ... stimulated with aging (4) If females, FSH first binds with specific receptors on ovarian cell membrane

Last Answer : (4) If females, FSH first binds with specific receptors on ovarian cell membrane

Virus infected cells produce a set of cytokine proteins called _____ that "alert" surrounding cells to the viral threat. a. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) b. Interferon. c. Toll Like Receptors (TLR) d. Acute Phase Proteins

Description : Virus infected cells produce a set of cytokine proteins called _____ that "alert" surrounding cells to the viral threat. a. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) b. Interferon. c. Toll Like Receptors (TLR) d. Acute Phase Proteins

Last Answer : b. Interferon.

Which statement is NOT true about non-steroid (peptide) hormones? A) They are derived from peptides, proteins, polypeptides, and derivatives of amino acids. B) They bind to receptors on the cell surface. C) They form cyclic AMP inside the cell. D) They create an enzyme cascade effect. E) They enter the cell in order to have an effect.

Description : Which statement is NOT true about non-steroid (peptide) hormones? A) They are derived from peptides, proteins, polypeptides, and derivatives of amino acids. B) They bind to receptors on the cell surface. ... They create an enzyme cascade effect. E) They enter the cell in order to have an effect.

Last Answer : E) They enter the cell in order to have an effect.

How much do bike messengers make in a day?

Description : How much do bike messengers make in a day?

Last Answer : Typically it depends on how many runs you do. The more deliveries/pickups you make, the more money you’ll earn.

Why do bike messengers ride fixies?

Description : Why do bike messengers ride fixies?

Last Answer : Oh come on! It’s the coolness factor. You wouldn’t use it around campus if it weren’t cool. You don’t have to have two bicycles (or more).

Sensors are the transducers that are used to____. a.Measure physical quantity b.Hold the objects c.Fix the objects d.None of the above

Description : Sensors are the transducers that are used to____. a.Measure physical quantity b.Hold the objects c.Fix the objects d.None of the above

Last Answer : a.Measure physical quantity

104 How Many Prophets and Messengers were Revealed ?

Description : 104 How Many Prophets and Messengers were Revealed ?

Last Answer : 104 Heavenly books were revealed to 6 prophets.

The non-nutrient chemicals which acts as intercellular messengers and are produced in trace amounts are known as

Description : The non-nutrient chemicals which acts as intercellular messengers and are produced in trace amounts are known as

Last Answer : The non-nutrient chemicals which acts as intercellular messengers and are produced in trace amounts are ... Enzymes B. Mucous C. Hormones D. None

The initiation of a humoral immune response involves a complex interaction of the antigen, cells and intercellular messengers. Which of the following statement(s) concerning the initiation of the humoral immune response is/are correct? a. Helper T lymphocytes stimulate B lymphocytes through secretion of cytokines such as interleukin 4 and 6 b. A number of cells can aid in presenting the antigen to the helper T cell including B lymphocytes and macrophages c. All antigens require coordinated efforts of the various cellular components of the immune system d. An antigen must be a living microorganism

Description : The initiation of a humoral immune response involves a complex interaction of the antigen, cells and intercellular messengers. Which of the following statement(s) concerning the initiation of the ... various cellular components of the immune system d. An antigen must be a living microorganism

Last Answer : Answer: a, b Stimulation of the immune system occurs after a variety of antigen-presenting cells (B lymphocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, and Langerhans cells) act to engulf ... polysaccharides), most antigens require coordinated efforts of the various cellular components of the immune system

Repeaters inside communications satellites are known as A. Trancievers B. Transponders C. Transducers D. TWT

Description : Repeaters inside communications satellites are known as A. Trancievers B. Transponders C. Transducers D. TWT

Last Answer : B. Transponders

Why are hormones called chemical messengers?

Description : Why are hormones called chemical messengers?

Last Answer : Hormones are chemical substances that carry stimuli from one part of the body to another.

Sensors are the transducers that are used to____. (A) Measure physical quantity (B) Hold the objects (C) Fix the objects (D) None of the above

Description : Sensors are the transducers that are used to____. (A) Measure physical quantity (B) Hold the objects (C) Fix the objects (D) None of the above

Last Answer : A

Peroxisomes and Glyoxisomes are (A) Energy transducers (B) Membrane-less organelles (C) Micro bodies (D) Basal bodies

Description : Peroxisomes and Glyoxisomes are (A) Energy transducers (B) Membrane-less organelles (C) Micro bodies (D) Basal bodies

Last Answer : (C) Micro bodies

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Description : State the selection criteria for transducers

Last Answer : 1. Operating range 2. Operating principle 3. Sensitivity 4. Accuracy 5. Frequency response and resonant frequency 6. Errors 7. Environmental compatibility 8. Usage and ruggedness. 9. ... . 10. Stability and Reliability 11. Loading effect 12. Static characteristics 13. Noise immunity

Define active and passive transducers.

Description : Define active and passive transducers. 

Last Answer : 1. Active Transducer: - These transducers do not need any external source of power for their operation. Therefore, they are also called as self-generating type transducers. The active ... need external source of power for their operation. So they are not self-generating type transducers. 

Differentiate between active and passive transducers

Description : Differentiate between active and passive transducers

Last Answer : Active Transducer:- A transducer which do not requires external energy source to convert signal from one form to another. Active transducers passes gain. e.g. Thermometer,Thermocuople, bourdon tubes, ... other form. Passive transducer passes loss. e.g. Thermistor, strain gauges, LVDT etc .

Describe any four selection criterion of transducers.

Description : Describe any four selection criterion of transducers.

Last Answer : 1. Operating range :Range is specified user or manufacturer 2. Operating principle : Depend on principle measurement 3. Sensitivity: it must sensitive to small variation in input. 4. ... 10. Stability and Reliability 11. Loading effect 12. Static characteristics 13. General selection criteria

State two advantages of electrical transducers.

Description : State two advantages of electrical transducers.

Last Answer : Advantages of electrical transducers- 1) The electrical systems can be controlled with a very small level of power. 2) The electrical output can be easily used, transmitted and processed for the ... can be indicated and recorded remotely from the sensing element. 4) Friction effect is minimized.