HIV often changes its shape due to the presence of an enzyme called (1) Reverse Transcriptase (2) Enterokinase (3) Nucleotidase (4) Nucleoditase

HIV often changes its shape due to the presence of an enzyme called (1) Reverse Transcriptase (2) Enterokinase (3) Nucleotidase (4) Nucleoditase
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Reverse Transcriptase
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HIV often changes its shape due to the presence of an enzyme called (1) Reverse Transcriptase (2) Enterokinase (3) Nucleotidase (4) Nucleoditase

Description : HIV often changes its shape due to the presence of an enzyme called (1) Reverse Transcriptase (2) Enterokinase (3) Nucleotidase (4) Nucleoditase

Last Answer : (1) Reverse Transcriptase Explanation: Use of the reverse transcriptase enzyme is a unique characteristic of retroviruses such as HIV. After the virus releases its genetic material into a host cell, ... viral RNA into a complementary piece of DNA. This process is known as 'reverse transcription'.

At which stage of HIV infection does one usually show symptoms of AIDS? (a) Within 15 days of sexual contact with an infected person (b) When the infected retro virus enters host cells (c) When HIV damages large number of helper T  - lymphocytes (d) When the viral DNA is produced by reverse transcriptase

Description : At which stage of HIV infection does one usually show symptoms of AIDS? (a) Within 15 days of sexual contact with an infected person (b) When the infected retro virus enters host cells (c) ... large number of helper T  - lymphocytes (d) When the viral DNA is produced by reverse transcriptase

Last Answer : (c) When HIV damages large number of helper T  - lymphocytes

Which of the following is correct regarding AIDS causative agent HIV? (a) HIV is enveloped virus containing one molecule of single-stranded RNA and one molecule of reverse transcriptase. (b) HIV is enveloped virus that contains two identical molecules of single-stranded RNA and two molecules of reverse transcriptase. (c) HIV is unenveloped retrovirus. (d) HIV does not escape but attacks the acquired immune response

Description : Which of the following is correct regarding AIDS causative agent HIV? (a) HIV is enveloped virus containing one molecule of single-stranded RNA and one molecule of reverse transcriptase. (b) HIV ... ) HIV is unenveloped retrovirus. (d) HIV does not escape but attacks the acquired immune response

Last Answer : (d) HIV does not escape but attacks the acquired immune response.

The initial regimen for antiretroviral therapy of previously untreated HIV patient consist of: A. Two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) + one protease inhibitor (PI) B. Two NRTIs + one non-NRTI C. Three NRTIs D. Any of the above

Description : The initial regimen for antiretroviral therapy of previously untreated HIV patient consist of: A. Two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) + one protease inhibitor (PI) B. Two NRTIs + one non-NRTI C. Three NRTIs D. Any of the above

Last Answer : D. Any of the above

ndicate the anti-HIV regimen that is generally reserved for advanced cases of AIDS or for repeated treatment failures: A. Two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) + one protease inhibitor (PI) B. Three NRTIs C. Two NRTIs + one non-NRTI D. One NRTI + one non-NRTI + one PI

Description : ndicate the anti-HIV regimen that is generally reserved for advanced cases of AIDS or for repeated treatment failures: A. Two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) + one protease inhibitor (PI) B. Three NRTIs C. Two NRTIs + one non-NRTI D. One NRTI + one non-NRTI + one PI

Last Answer : D. One NRTI + one non-NRTI + one PI

According to current guidelines, previously untreated symptomatic HIV patients should be treated with: A. Zidovudine alone B. Zidovudine + zalcitabine C. Zidovudine + indinavir D. Any two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors + one protease inhibito

Description : According to current guidelines, previously untreated symptomatic HIV patients should be treated with: A. Zidovudine alone B. Zidovudine + zalcitabine C. Zidovudine + indinavir D. Any two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors + one protease inhibito

Last Answer : D. Any two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors + one protease inhibitor

Select the drug which directly inhibits HIV-reverse transcriptase without the need for intracellular activation by phosphorylation: A. Nelfinavir B. Nevirapine C. Stavudine D. Didanosine

Description : Select the drug which directly inhibits HIV-reverse transcriptase without the need for intracellular activation by phosphorylation: A. Nelfinavir B. Nevirapine C. Stavudine D. Didanosine

Last Answer : B. Nevirapine

In which organism did the reverse transcriptase enzyme which performs DNA synthesis from RNA templates first appear?

Description : In which organism did the reverse transcriptase enzyme which performs DNA synthesis from RNA templates first appear?

Last Answer : Need answer

What are retroviruses? How do they reproduce and what is the role of the enzyme reverse transcriptase?

Description : What are retroviruses? How do they reproduce and what is the role of the enzyme reverse transcriptase?

Last Answer : Retroviruses are viruses whose genetic material is RNA. HIV and the virus of SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) are examples of retrovirus. These viruses inoculate their RNA into the host cell ... virus and it is also inoculated into the host cell. Virus Review - Image Diversity: retrovirus

The enzyme reverse transcriptase helps in the

Description : The enzyme reverse transcriptase helps in the

Last Answer : synthesis of DNA in the host cell.

RNA interference involves (a) synthesis of cDNA and RNA using reverse transcriptase (b) silencing of specific mRNA due to complementary RNA (c) interference of RNA in synthesis of DNA (d) synthesis of mRNA from DNA

Description : RNA interference involves (a) synthesis of cDNA and RNA using reverse transcriptase (b) silencing of specific mRNA due to complementary RNA (c) interference of RNA in synthesis of DNA (d) synthesis of mRNA from DNA

Last Answer : (b) silencing of specific mRNA due to complementary RNA

Another name for reverse transcriptase is (A) DNA dependent DNA polymerase (B) DNA dependent RNA polymerase (C) RNA dependent DNA polymerase (D) RNA dependent RNA polymerase

Description : Another name for reverse transcriptase is (A) DNA dependent DNA polymerase (B) DNA dependent RNA polymerase (C) RNA dependent DNA polymerase (D) RNA dependent RNA polymerase

Last Answer : Answer : C

DNA directed RNA polymerase is (A) Replicase (B) Transcriptase (C) Reverse transcriptase (D) Polymerase III

Description : DNA directed RNA polymerase is (A) Replicase (B) Transcriptase (C) Reverse transcriptase (D) Polymerase III

Last Answer : Answer : B

The only correct statement about oncoviruses is (A) All the oncoviruses are RNA viruses (B) Reverse transcriptase is present in all oncoviruses (C) Viral oncogenes are identical to human protooncogens (D) Both DNA and RNA viruses can be oncoviruses

Description : The only correct statement about oncoviruses is (A) All the oncoviruses are RNA viruses (B) Reverse transcriptase is present in all oncoviruses (C) Viral oncogenes are identical to human protooncogens (D) Both DNA and RNA viruses can be oncoviruses

Last Answer : Answer : D

Reverse transcriptase catalyses (A) Synthesis of RNA (B) Breakdown of RNA (C) Synthesis of DNA (D) Breakdown of DNA

Description : Reverse transcriptase catalyses (A) Synthesis of RNA (B) Breakdown of RNA (C) Synthesis of DNA (D) Breakdown of DNA

Last Answer : Answer : C

All of the following statements about RNA-dependent DNA polymerase are true except: (A) It synthesizes DNA using RNA as a template (B) It is also known as reverse transcriptase (C) It synthesizes DNA in 5’→3’ direction (D) It is present in all the viruses

Description : All of the following statements about RNA-dependent DNA polymerase are true except: (A) It synthesizes DNA using RNA as a template (B) It is also known as reverse transcriptase (C) It synthesizes DNA in 5’→3’ direction (D) It is present in all the viruses

Last Answer : Answer : D

Reverse transcriptase activity is present in the eukaryotic: (A) DNA polymerase α (B) DNA polymerase γ (C) Telomerase (D) DNA polymerase II

Description : Reverse transcriptase activity is present in the eukaryotic: (A) DNA polymerase α (B) DNA polymerase γ (C) Telomerase (D) DNA polymerase II

Last Answer : Answer : C

Reverse transcriptase is capable of synthesising (A) RNA → DNA (B) DNA → RNA (C) RNA → RNA (D) DNA → DNA

Description : Reverse transcriptase is capable of synthesising (A) RNA → DNA (B) DNA → RNA (C) RNA → RNA (D) DNA → DNA

Last Answer : Answer : A

The following are true about DNA synthesis: a. it requires DNA polymerase b. reverse transcriptase enzymes are involved c. moves in a 5'---> 3' direction d. the rate of error in DNA synthesis is 1 in 105 base pairs

Description : The following are true about DNA synthesis: a. it requires DNA polymerase b. reverse transcriptase enzymes are involved c. moves in a 5'---> 3' direction d. the rate of error in DNA synthesis is 1 in 105 base pairs

Last Answer : it requires DNA polymerase

Which one of the following makes use of RNA template to synthesise DNA? (a) DNA polymerase (b) RNA polymerase (c) Reverse transcriptase (d) DNA dependant RNA polymerase

Description : Which one of the following makes use of RNA template to synthesise DNA? (a) DNA polymerase (b) RNA polymerase (c) Reverse transcriptase (d) DNA dependant RNA polymerase

Last Answer : c) Reverse transcriptase

Which of the following viruses is a retrovirus with reverse transcriptase? a. HPV b. polio c. HIVd. Ebola

Description : Which of the following viruses is a retrovirus with reverse transcriptase? a. HPV b. polio c. HIV d. Ebola

Last Answer : c. HIV

Retroviruses are so-named because their reverse transcriptase _____. a. reverses the flow of genetic information by stimulating information to proceed from RNA to DNA. b. reverses the normal multiplication of cells from a low rate to a high rate. c. reverses the ability of viruses to associate with cells. d. reverses the action of drugs on viruses and allows them to continue multiplying in living cells.

Description : Retroviruses are so-named because their reverse transcriptase _____. a. reverses the flow of genetic information by stimulating information to proceed from RNA to DNA. b. reverses the normal ... the action of drugs on viruses and allows them to continue multiplying in living cells.

Last Answer : a. reverses the flow of genetic information by stimulating information to proceed from RNA to DNA.

Of the following blood tests, which confirms the presence of antibodies to HIV? a) Enzyme-linked immunoabsorbant assay (ELISA) ELISA, as well as Western blot assay, identifies and confirms the presence of antibodies to HIV.

Description : Of the following blood tests, which confirms the presence of antibodies to HIV? a) Enzyme-linked immunoabsorbant assay (ELISA) ELISA, as well as Western blot assay, identifies and confirms the presence ... test. Rather, it is an enzyme that transforms single-stranded RNA into a double-stranded DNA.

Last Answer : a) Enzyme-linked immunoabsorbant assay (ELISA) ELISA, as well as Western blot assay, identifies and confirms the presence of antibodies to HIV.

Which enzyme converts proteins? (1) Pepsin (2) Trypsin (3) Erepsin (4) Enterokinase

Description : Which enzyme converts proteins? (1) Pepsin (2) Trypsin (3) Erepsin (4) Enterokinase

Last Answer : (2) Trypsin Explanation: Trypsin is a serine protease found in the digestive system of many vertebrates, where it hydrolyses proteins. Trypsin in the duodenum catalyses the hydrolysis of peptide ... then be further hydrolyzed into amino acids by other proteases before they enter the blood stream.

What will happen if the secretion of parietal cells of gastric glands is blocked with an inhibitor? (a) In the absence of HCl secretion, inactive pepsinogen is not converted into the active enzyme pepsin. (b) Enterokinase will not be released from the duodenal mucosa and so trypsinogen is not converted to trypsin. (c) Gastric juice will be deficient in chymosin. (d) Gastric juice will be deficient in pepsinogen.

Description : What will happen if the secretion of parietal cells of gastric glands is blocked with an inhibitor? (a) In the absence of HCl secretion, inactive pepsinogen is not converted into the active ... c) Gastric juice will be deficient in chymosin. (d) Gastric juice will be deficient in pepsinogen.

Last Answer : (a) In the absence of HCl secretion, inactive pepsinogen is not converted into the active enzyme pepsin.

The enzyme enterokinase helps in conversion of (a) protein into polypeptides (b) trypsinogen into trypsin (c) caseinogen into casein (d) pepsinogen into pepsin.

Description : The enzyme enterokinase helps in conversion of (a) protein into polypeptides (b) trypsinogen into trypsin (c) caseinogen into casein (d) pepsinogen into pepsin.

Last Answer : (b) trypsinogen into trypsin

Which one is not enzyme (a) Trypsin (b) Lipase (c) Enterokinase (d) Enterocrinin

Description : Which one is not enzyme (a) Trypsin (b) Lipase (c) Enterokinase (d) Enterocrinin

Last Answer : (d) Enterocrinin

Enterokinase is (a) Enzyme (b) Hormone (c) Vitamin (d) None

Description : Enterokinase is (a) Enzyme (b) Hormone (c) Vitamin (d) None

Last Answer : (a) Enzyme

If results of the serum bilirubin, serum ALP, LDH and AST determinations suggest obstructive jaundice, the best confirmatory test would be the estimation of (A) Serum ALT (B) Serum 5’ nucleotidase (C) Serum Pseudo cholinesterase (D) None of these

Description : If results of the serum bilirubin, serum ALP, LDH and AST determinations suggest obstructive jaundice, the best confirmatory test would be the estimation of (A) Serum ALT (B) Serum 5’ nucleotidase (C) Serum Pseudo cholinesterase (D) None of these

Last Answer : Answer : B

Manipulation of DNA in genetic engineering became possible due to the discovery of (a) restriction endonuclease (b) DNA ligase (c) transcriptase (d) primase

Description : Manipulation of DNA in genetic engineering became possible due to the discovery of (a) restriction endonuclease (b) DNA ligase (c) transcriptase (d) primase

Last Answer : (a) restriction endonuclease

The high virus selectivity of acyclovir is due to: A. Its preferential uptake by virus infected cells B. Need of virus specific enzyme for its conversion to the active metabolite C. Its action on virus directed reverse transcriptase which does not occur in noninfected cells D. Both ‘A’ and ‘B’ are correct

Description : The high virus selectivity of acyclovir is due to: A. Its preferential uptake by virus infected cells B. Need of virus specific enzyme for its conversion to the active metabolite C. Its action on ... reverse transcriptase which does not occur in noninfected cells D. Both A' and B' are correct

Last Answer : D. Both ‘A’ and ‘B’ are correct

A loss of field excitation to an AC generator while operating in parallel will cause it to ____________. A. absorb more and more load due to decreased armature reaction B. lose its load due to the inherent speed droop built into the governor C. smoke and overload due to field flashover as residual field flux changes polarity D. lose its load, begin to motorize, trip out on reverse power relay, and possibly overspeed

Description : A loss of field excitation to an AC generator while operating in parallel will cause it to ____________. A. absorb more and more load due to decreased armature reaction B. lose its load due to ... polarity D. lose its load, begin to motorize, trip out on reverse power relay, and possibly overspeed

Last Answer : Answer: D

The following statement(s) is/are true concerning newer detection methods of systemic infection. a. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is a rapid immunologic assay used for both antigen and antibody detection b. Southern, northern, and western immunoblot techniques are used to detect DNA, RNA, or proteins, respectively c. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a sensitive assay used to detect small amounts of microbial DNA, thus detecting infection at its early stages d. Infectious agents currently detected using advanced molecular techniques include cytomegalovirus (CMV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Description : The following statement(s) is/are true concerning newer detection methods of systemic infection. a. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is a rapid immunologic assay used for ... detected using advanced molecular techniques include cytomegalovirus (CMV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Last Answer : Answer: a, b, c, d Although the classic detection of infection based on clinical signs of infection and bacterial culture remain the most common clinical tools, increasing ... including CMV and HIV. Furthermore, preliminary investigations into possible detection of fungal pathogens are underway

Which of the following is TRUE in regard to high risk patient?** A. 0.1ml of blood from Hepatitis B carrier is less infective than 0.1ml of blood from HIV patient B. 0.1ml of blood from Hepatitis B carrier is more infective than 0.1ml of blood from HIV patient C. Level of virus are similar in the blood and saliva of HIV patient D. Level of virus in the saliva is not significant for Hepatitis B patient E. The presence of Hepatitis B core Antigen in the blood means that active disease is not present

Description : Which of the following is TRUE in regard to high risk patient?** A. 0.1ml of blood from Hepatitis B carrier is less infective than 0.1ml of blood from HIV patient B. 0.1ml of blood from ... B patient E. The presence of Hepatitis B core Antigen in the blood means that active disease is not present

Last Answer : B carrier is more infective than 0.1ml of blood from HIV patient C. Level of virus are similar in the blood and saliva of HIV patient

The enzyme present in HIV is

Description : The enzyme present in HIV is

Last Answer : Reverse transcriptase.

Mention the genetic material and enzyme present in HIV.

Description : Mention the genetic material and enzyme present in HIV.

Last Answer : The genetic material present is RNA. The enzyme present is reverse transcriptase.

The following are useful in the diagnosis of HIV infection: a. polymerase chain reaction b. antibodies by enzyme-liked immunoadsorbent assay c. P24 protein assay d. all above

Description : The following are useful in the diagnosis of HIV infection: a. polymerase chain reaction b. antibodies by enzyme-liked immunoadsorbent assay c. P24 protein assay d. all above

Last Answer : all above

Select the drug that acts by inhibiting HIV protease enzyme: A. Zalcitabine B. Efavirenz C. Stavudine D. Nelfinavi

Description : Select the drug that acts by inhibiting HIV protease enzyme: A. Zalcitabine B. Efavirenz C. Stavudine D. Nelfinavi

Last Answer : D. Nelfinavir

Uneven distribution of insolation on the earth is mainly due to the – (1) spherical shape of the earth (2) distribution of land and water (3) direction of the winds (4) presence of pressure belts

Description : Uneven distribution of insolation on the earth is mainly due to the – (1) spherical shape of the earth (2) distribution of land and water (3) direction of the winds (4) presence of pressure belts

Last Answer : (1) spherical shape of the earth Explanation: Uneven distribution of insolation on the earth is mainly due to the Earth's tilted axis and the nearly spherical shape. The length of time that the ... lead to the unequal distribution of heat on the Earth, creating what is called a heat gradient.

Uneven distribution of insolation on the earth is mainly due to the (1) spherical shape of the earth (2) distribution of land and water (3) direction of the winds (4) presence of pressure belts

Description : Uneven distribution of insolation on the earth is mainly due to the (1) spherical shape of the earth (2) distribution of land and water (3) direction of the winds (4) presence of pressure belts

Last Answer : spherical shape of the earth

Which of the following process will be affected by the absence of enterokinase ?

Description : Which of the following process will be affected by the absence of enterokinase ?

Last Answer : Which of the following process will be affected by the absence of enterokinase ? A. Lipide `rarr ... `rarr` Dipeptide D. Amylose `rarr` Maltose

The main digestive function of enterokinase is

Description : The main digestive function of enterokinase is

Last Answer : The main digestive function of enterokinase is A. conversion of pepsinogen into pepsin B. ... of the gastric glands to secrete gastric juice

Enterokinase stimulates which of the following `:-`

Description : Enterokinase stimulates which of the following `:-`

Last Answer : Enterokinase stimulates which of the following `:-` A. Pepsinogen B. trypsin C. Pepsin D. Trypsinogen

Enterokinase is secreted by

Description : Enterokinase is secreted by

Last Answer : Enterokinase is secreted by

Enterokinase is secreted by

Description : Enterokinase is secreted by

Last Answer : Enterokinase is secreted by

The zymogen from trypsinogen of pancreatic juice is converted to active trypsin by (A) Peisin (B) Enterocrinin (C) Enterokinase (D) Rennin

Description : The zymogen from trypsinogen of pancreatic juice is converted to active trypsin by (A) Peisin (B) Enterocrinin (C) Enterokinase (D) Rennin

Last Answer : Answer : C

Trypsinogen is converted to active trypsin by (A) Enterokinase (B) Bile salts (C) HCl (D) Mg++

Description : Trypsinogen is converted to active trypsin by (A) Enterokinase (B) Bile salts (C) HCl (D) Mg++

Last Answer : Answer : A

Pepsinogen is converted to active pepsin by (A) HCl (B) Bile salts (C) Ca++ (D) Enterokinase

Description : Pepsinogen is converted to active pepsin by (A) HCl (B) Bile salts (C) Ca++ (D) Enterokinase

Last Answer : Answer : A

Oxyntic cell is meant for the secretion of (1) Pepsin (2) Enterokinase (3) Hydrochloric acid (4) Lactic acid

Description : Oxyntic cell is meant for the secretion of (1) Pepsin (2) Enterokinase (3) Hydrochloric acid (4) Lactic acid

Last Answer : (3) Hydrochloric acid Explanation: Parietal cells (also known as oxyntic cells), are the epithelial cells that secrete hydrochloric acid (HCL) and intrinsic factor. These cells are located in ... an extensive secretory network from which the HCL is secreted by active transport into the stomach.