The following are useful in the diagnosis of HIV infection:
a. polymerase chain reaction
b. antibodies by enzyme-liked immunoadsorbent assay
c. P24 protein assay
d. all above

1 Answer

Answer :

all above

Related questions

Description : The following statement(s) is/are true concerning newer detection methods of systemic infection. a. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is a rapid immunologic assay used for ... detected using advanced molecular techniques include cytomegalovirus (CMV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Last Answer : Answer: a, b, c, d Although the classic detection of infection based on clinical signs of infection and bacterial culture remain the most common clinical tools, increasing ... including CMV and HIV. Furthermore, preliminary investigations into possible detection of fungal pathogens are underway

Description : Of the following blood tests, which confirms the presence of antibodies to HIV? a) Enzyme-linked immunoabsorbant assay (ELISA) ELISA, as well as Western blot assay, identifies and confirms the presence ... test. Rather, it is an enzyme that transforms single-stranded RNA into a double-stranded DNA.

Last Answer : a) Enzyme-linked immunoabsorbant assay (ELISA) ELISA, as well as Western blot assay, identifies and confirms the presence of antibodies to HIV.

Description : Which of the following infection(s) can be diagnosed by the use of polymerase chain reaction? A- HIV-1 and HIV-2 viruses B- Hepatitis B virus C- Mycobacterium tuberculosis D- All of these

Last Answer : All of these

Description : Most commonly employed test for determining the antibody titers for Newcastle disease infection in B A. Agar gel precipitation test B. Hemagglutination inhibition C. Polymerase chain reaction D. None of these

Last Answer : Hemagglutination inhibition

Description : Most commonly employed test for determining the antibody titers for AI infection is B A. Agar gel precipitation test B. Hemagglutination inhibition C. Polymerase chain reaction D. None of these

Last Answer : Hemagglutination inhibition

Description : The enzyme used in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is (A) Taq polymerase (B) RNA polymerase (C) Ribonuclease (D) Endonuclease

Last Answer : Answer : D

Description : True statements concerning hypoadrenal shock include which of the following? A. Adrenocortical insufficiency may manifest itself as severe shock refractory to volume and pressor therapy. B. ... test should be performed to help establish the diagnosis of acute adrenocortical insufficiency.

Last Answer : Answer: AD DISCUSSION: Shock due to acute adrenocortical insufficiency is relatively uncommon but must be considered when shock refractory to volume replacement and pressor therapy is present. ... and it is the corticosteroid of choice while the ACTH stimulation test is being performed

Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the antibody response to an invading antigen? a. All antibodies are composed of one type of heavy and one type of light protein chain b. ... stimulus d. Immunoglobulins A, D, and E play an active role in the circulating humoral response

Last Answer : Answer: a Humoral defenses consist of antibody (immunoglobulin; Ig) and complement. All Ig classes (IgM, IgG, IgA, IgE, IgD) and IgG subclasses are composed of one type (M, G, A, E, D ... exist in smaller amounts in the circulation and do not appear to play a major role as host defense components

Description : An important step in protein synthesis is transcription. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning this process? a. The first step in gene transcription involves separating the double helix ... nucleus to the cytoplasm d. Only one protein can be produced from an initial mRNA strand

Last Answer : Answer: c Transcription of a gene begins at an initiation site associated with a specific DNA sequence, termed a promoter region. After binding to DNA, the RNA polymerase opens up a short ... different proteins from the same gene. mRNA is exported from the nucleus only after processing is complete

Description : The presence of IgM antibodies in the blood indicates a. An early stage of an infection. b. A chronic infection. c. An allergic reaction is occurring. d. Humoral immunity has yet to start.

Last Answer : a. An early stage of an infection.

Description : What are the requirements for PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)? -Biology

Last Answer : answer:

Description : Steps involved in PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) process. -Biology

Last Answer : Step 1 DNA isolation.Step 2 Primer design.Step 3 Enzyme selection.Step 4 Thermal cycling.Step 5 Amplicon analysis.

Description : Why is polymerase chain reaction important? -Biology

Last Answer : Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is often considered as one of the most important scientific advances in the field of molecular biology. With this revolutionary yet inexpensive biochemical technology, it's possible to generate millions of DNA copies from a single strand of DNA.

Description : Why is polymerase chain reaction important? -Biology

Last Answer : Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is often considered as one of the most important scientific advances in the field of molecular biology. With this revolutionary yet inexpensive biochemical technology, it's possible to generate millions of DNA copies from a single strand of DNA.

Description : What does polymerase chain reaction (pcr) do?

Last Answer : Polymerase chain reaction, or PCR, is a laboratory technique used to make multiple copies of a segment of DNA. PCR is very precise and can be used to amplify, or copy, a specific DNA target from a mixture of DNA molecules.

Description : A scientist wants to make a dna fingerprint and she used polymerase chain reaction and restriction enzymes what should her next step be?

Last Answer : use restriction enzymes is the right answer for apex :)

Description : A scientist wants to make a dna fingerprint and she used polymerase chain reaction and restriction enzymes what should her next step be?

Last Answer : use restriction enzymes is the right answer for apex :)

Description : Template-directed DNA synthesis occurs in all the following except (A) The replication fork (B) Polymerase chain reaction (C) Growth of RNA tumor viruses (D) Expression of oncogenes

Last Answer : Answer : C

Description : Template-directed DNA synthesis occurs in all the following except (A) The replication fork (B) Polymerase chain reaction (C) Growth of RNA tumor viruses (D) Expression of oneogenes

Last Answer : Answer : C

Description : In addition to Taq polymerase, polymerase chain reaction requires all of the following except (A) A template DNA (B) Deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates (C) Primers (D) Primase

Last Answer : Answer : D

Description : The DNA polymerase commonly used in polymerase chain reaction is obtained from (A) E. coli (B) Yeast (C) T.aquaticus (D) Eukaryotes

Last Answer : Answer : C

Description : Polymerase chain reaction can rapidly amplify DNA sequences of the size (A) Upto 10 kilobases (B) Upto 45 kilobases (C) Upto 100 kilobases(D) Upto 1,000 kilobases

Last Answer : Answer : A

Description : Trichomoniasis can be diagnosed by D A. Whiff test B. Polymerase chain reaction C. Wet mount D. All above

Last Answer : All above

Description : The figure below shows three steps (A, B, C) of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Select the option giving correct identification together with what it represents? A. B. C ds DNA 3 5 5 3 ... - extension in the presence of heat stable DNA polymerase (d) A - annealing with two sets of primers

Last Answer : (c) C - extension in the presence of heat stable DNA polymerase

Description : The correct order of steps in Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is (a) extension, denaturation, annealing (b) annealing, extension, denaturation (c) denaturation, extension, annealing (d) denaturation, annealing, extension.

Last Answer : (d) denaturation, annealing, extension.

Description : DNA fragments generated by the restriction endo- nucleases in a chemical reaction can be separated by (a) electrophoresis (b) restriction mapping (c) centrifugation (d) polymerase chain reaction.

Last Answer : (a) electrophoresis

Description : Which of the following is not required for any of the techniques of DNA fingerprinting available at present? (a) Restriction enzymes (b) DNA-DNA hybridisation (c) Polymerase chain reaction (d) Zinc finger analysis

Last Answer : (d) Zinc finger analysis

Description : An important method used in the rapid identification of a pathogen is a. RNA gene sequencing b. polymerase chain reaction c. molecular taxonomy d. biochemical tests

Last Answer : d. biochemical tests

Description : The correct order of steps in Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is (1) Extension, Denaturation, Annealing (2) Annealing, Extension, Denaturation (3) Denaturation, Extension, Annealing (4) Denaturation, Annealing, Extension

Last Answer : (4) Denaturation, Annealing, Extension

Description : When assisting the patient to interpret a negative HIV test result, the nurse informs the patient that the results mean a) his body has not produced antibodies to the AIDS virus. A negative test ... When antibodies to the AIDS virus are detected in the blood, the test is interpreted as positive.

Last Answer : a) his body has not produced antibodies to the AIDS virus. A negative test result indicates that antibodies to the AIDS virus are not present in the blood at the time the blood sample for the test is drawn.

Description : Given Charlie Sheen's recent revelation about his HIV status, how likely is it that the diagnosis caused his "tiger blood" meltdown in 2011?

Last Answer : Not at all. That was caused by his drug use.

Description : What cells produce antibodies to help fight infection?

Last Answer : Need answer

Description : In case of infection, following is the first line of defense  B A. Antibodies B. Macrophages C. Red blood cells D. Platelets

Last Answer : Macrophages

Description : In case of infection, following is the first line of defense  B A. Antibodies B. Macrophages C. Red blood cells D. Platelet

Last Answer : Macrophages

Description : _____ is the natural ability of an organism to have an inbuilt mechanism to resist and destroy the infection. a) antibiotic b)immunity c)antibodies d)none

Last Answer : b)immunity

Description : If you knew that a fast food chain, like Carl's Jr, for example, supported ultra right wing causes - and you were of a totally different political affiliation - but you really liked their burgers - would you eat there anyway?

Last Answer : Nope.

Description : Deficiency of vitamin B12 can be diagonised by (A) Carr-Price reaction (B) Ames assay (C) Watson-Schwartz test (D) Schilling test

Last Answer : Answer : D

Description : Deficiency of vitamin B12 can be diagonised by (A) Carr-Price reaction (B) Ames assay (C) Watson-Schwartz test (D) Schilling test

Last Answer : (D) Schilling test

Description : It has been suggested that enterocyte-specific fuels be utilized for all patients receiving parenteral nutrition. Theoretically, the benefits of such fuels include: A. Glutamine increases ... parenteral nutrition for patients with chemotherapy toxicity or radiation enteritis is without hazards.

Last Answer : Answer: NONE IS ENTIRELY TRUE DISCUSSION: The use of enterocyte-specific fuels is part of a new and potentially exciting phase of nutritional pharmacology in parenteral nutrition; ... the maintenance of colonocyte-specific nutrition and, in the case of butyrate, ileal enterocyte nutrition

Description : diffuse abdominal pain , bleeding per rectum and fever 38.3 c , preceded by urinary infection 3 weeks back treated with AB , diagnosis : Ischemic colitis Amoebic colitis Pseudomembranous colitis

Last Answer : Pseudomembranous colitis

Description : A newly married girl comes to gynae OPD with history of dysuria, burning, micturition and sore perineum. What is your likely diagnosis: a) Trichomonas vaginalis. b) Candida infection. c) Trauma due to coitus. d) Honey moon cystitis. e) Genital herpes.

Last Answer : d) Honey moon cystitis.

Description : Women complaining of milky whitish discharge with fishy odour. No history of itching. Most likely diagnosis is: a) Bacterial vaginosis. b) Trichomoniasis. c) Candidiasis. d) Malignancy. e) Urinary tract infection.

Last Answer : a) Bacterial vaginosis.

Description : What is the window period in case of HIV infection? -Biology

Last Answer : answer:

Description : Assertion : HIV infected person are prone to opportunistic diseases. Reason : Immune system weakens during HIV infection.

Last Answer : Assertion : HIV infected person are prone to opportunistic diseases. Reason : Immune system weakens ... If both the assertion and reason are false

Description : At which stage of HIV infection does one usually show symtomas of AIDS

Last Answer : At which stage of HIV infection does one usually show symtomas of AIDS A. When the infected ... 15 days of sexual contact with the infected person

Description : Assertion: HIV infection can be avoided by use of condoms. Reason: Condoms secrete anti-viral interferons.

Last Answer : Assertion: HIV infection can be avoided by use of condoms. Reason: Condoms secrete anti-viral ... If both the assertion and resson are false.

Description : Early symptomatic HIV infection?

Last Answer : DefinitionEarly symptomatic HIV infection is a stage of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus when symptoms are present but AIDS has not yet developed.See also:Acute HIV infectionAsymptomatic HIV ... factors for HIV infection are:Being born to an HIV-positive motherReceiving a blood tr

Description : HIV infection?

Last Answer : DefinitionHIV infection is a condition caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The condition gradually destroys the immune system, which makes it harder for the body to fight infections.This ... transmit the virus to her fetus through their shared blood circulation, or a nursing mother ca

Description : The following statement(s) is/are true concerning HIV infection. a. Initial screening with ELISA is highly sensitive but can be associated with a false positive rate of 25% b. ... , carinii pneumonia, CMV pneumonitis, Cryptococcus meningitis, and disseminated infection due to atypical mycobacteria

Last Answer : Answer: b, c, d Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a syndrome caused by the human retrovirus (HIV-1) that infects T lymphocytes and causes severe immunosuppression. Individuals who ... to prolong survival when administered early in the course of disease and is considered routine therapy