In which organism did the reverse transcriptase enzyme which performs DNA synthesis from RNA templates first appear?

In which organism did the reverse transcriptase enzyme which performs DNA synthesis from RNA templates first appear?
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Reverse transcriptase catalyses (A) Synthesis of RNA (B) Breakdown of RNA (C) Synthesis of DNA (D) Breakdown of DNA

Description : Reverse transcriptase catalyses (A) Synthesis of RNA (B) Breakdown of RNA (C) Synthesis of DNA (D) Breakdown of DNA

Last Answer : Answer : C

RNA interference involves (a) synthesis of cDNA and RNA using reverse transcriptase (b) silencing of specific mRNA due to complementary RNA (c) interference of RNA in synthesis of DNA (d) synthesis of mRNA from DNA

Description : RNA interference involves (a) synthesis of cDNA and RNA using reverse transcriptase (b) silencing of specific mRNA due to complementary RNA (c) interference of RNA in synthesis of DNA (d) synthesis of mRNA from DNA

Last Answer : (b) silencing of specific mRNA due to complementary RNA

Another name for reverse transcriptase is (A) DNA dependent DNA polymerase (B) DNA dependent RNA polymerase (C) RNA dependent DNA polymerase (D) RNA dependent RNA polymerase

Description : Another name for reverse transcriptase is (A) DNA dependent DNA polymerase (B) DNA dependent RNA polymerase (C) RNA dependent DNA polymerase (D) RNA dependent RNA polymerase

Last Answer : Answer : C

DNA directed RNA polymerase is (A) Replicase (B) Transcriptase (C) Reverse transcriptase (D) Polymerase III

Description : DNA directed RNA polymerase is (A) Replicase (B) Transcriptase (C) Reverse transcriptase (D) Polymerase III

Last Answer : Answer : B

The only correct statement about oncoviruses is (A) All the oncoviruses are RNA viruses (B) Reverse transcriptase is present in all oncoviruses (C) Viral oncogenes are identical to human protooncogens (D) Both DNA and RNA viruses can be oncoviruses

Description : The only correct statement about oncoviruses is (A) All the oncoviruses are RNA viruses (B) Reverse transcriptase is present in all oncoviruses (C) Viral oncogenes are identical to human protooncogens (D) Both DNA and RNA viruses can be oncoviruses

Last Answer : Answer : D

All of the following statements about RNA-dependent DNA polymerase are true except: (A) It synthesizes DNA using RNA as a template (B) It is also known as reverse transcriptase (C) It synthesizes DNA in 5’→3’ direction (D) It is present in all the viruses

Description : All of the following statements about RNA-dependent DNA polymerase are true except: (A) It synthesizes DNA using RNA as a template (B) It is also known as reverse transcriptase (C) It synthesizes DNA in 5’→3’ direction (D) It is present in all the viruses

Last Answer : Answer : D

Reverse transcriptase is capable of synthesising (A) RNA → DNA (B) DNA → RNA (C) RNA → RNA (D) DNA → DNA

Description : Reverse transcriptase is capable of synthesising (A) RNA → DNA (B) DNA → RNA (C) RNA → RNA (D) DNA → DNA

Last Answer : Answer : A

Which one of the following makes use of RNA template to synthesise DNA? (a) DNA polymerase (b) RNA polymerase (c) Reverse transcriptase (d) DNA dependant RNA polymerase

Description : Which one of the following makes use of RNA template to synthesise DNA? (a) DNA polymerase (b) RNA polymerase (c) Reverse transcriptase (d) DNA dependant RNA polymerase

Last Answer : c) Reverse transcriptase

Retroviruses are so-named because their reverse transcriptase _____. a. reverses the flow of genetic information by stimulating information to proceed from RNA to DNA. b. reverses the normal multiplication of cells from a low rate to a high rate. c. reverses the ability of viruses to associate with cells. d. reverses the action of drugs on viruses and allows them to continue multiplying in living cells.

Description : Retroviruses are so-named because their reverse transcriptase _____. a. reverses the flow of genetic information by stimulating information to proceed from RNA to DNA. b. reverses the normal ... the action of drugs on viruses and allows them to continue multiplying in living cells.

Last Answer : a. reverses the flow of genetic information by stimulating information to proceed from RNA to DNA.

The following are true about DNA synthesis: a. it requires DNA polymerase b. reverse transcriptase enzymes are involved c. moves in a 5'---> 3' direction d. the rate of error in DNA synthesis is 1 in 105 base pairs

Description : The following are true about DNA synthesis: a. it requires DNA polymerase b. reverse transcriptase enzymes are involved c. moves in a 5'---> 3' direction d. the rate of error in DNA synthesis is 1 in 105 base pairs

Last Answer : it requires DNA polymerase

Which of the following is correct regarding AIDS causative agent HIV? (a) HIV is enveloped virus containing one molecule of single-stranded RNA and one molecule of reverse transcriptase. (b) HIV is enveloped virus that contains two identical molecules of single-stranded RNA and two molecules of reverse transcriptase. (c) HIV is unenveloped retrovirus. (d) HIV does not escape but attacks the acquired immune response

Description : Which of the following is correct regarding AIDS causative agent HIV? (a) HIV is enveloped virus containing one molecule of single-stranded RNA and one molecule of reverse transcriptase. (b) HIV ... ) HIV is unenveloped retrovirus. (d) HIV does not escape but attacks the acquired immune response

Last Answer : (d) HIV does not escape but attacks the acquired immune response.

What are retroviruses? How do they reproduce and what is the role of the enzyme reverse transcriptase?

Description : What are retroviruses? How do they reproduce and what is the role of the enzyme reverse transcriptase?

Last Answer : Retroviruses are viruses whose genetic material is RNA. HIV and the virus of SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) are examples of retrovirus. These viruses inoculate their RNA into the host cell ... virus and it is also inoculated into the host cell. Virus Review - Image Diversity: retrovirus

HIV often changes its shape due to the presence of an enzyme called (1) Reverse Transcriptase (2) Enterokinase (3) Nucleotidase (4) Nucleoditase

Description : HIV often changes its shape due to the presence of an enzyme called (1) Reverse Transcriptase (2) Enterokinase (3) Nucleotidase (4) Nucleoditase

Last Answer : (1) Reverse Transcriptase Explanation: Use of the reverse transcriptase enzyme is a unique characteristic of retroviruses such as HIV. After the virus releases its genetic material into a host cell, ... viral RNA into a complementary piece of DNA. This process is known as 'reverse transcription'.

The enzyme reverse transcriptase helps in the

Description : The enzyme reverse transcriptase helps in the

Last Answer : synthesis of DNA in the host cell.

HIV often changes its shape due to the presence of an enzyme called (1) Reverse Transcriptase (2) Enterokinase (3) Nucleotidase (4) Nucleoditase

Description : HIV often changes its shape due to the presence of an enzyme called (1) Reverse Transcriptase (2) Enterokinase (3) Nucleotidase (4) Nucleoditase

Last Answer : Reverse Transcriptase

RNA directed DNA polymerase is (A) Replicase (B) Transcriptase (C) Reversetranscriptase (D) Polymerase–III

Description : RNA directed DNA polymerase is (A) Replicase (B) Transcriptase (C) Reversetranscriptase (D) Polymerase–III

Last Answer : Answer : C

Reverse transcriptase activity is present in the eukaryotic: (A) DNA polymerase α (B) DNA polymerase γ (C) Telomerase (D) DNA polymerase II

Description : Reverse transcriptase activity is present in the eukaryotic: (A) DNA polymerase α (B) DNA polymerase γ (C) Telomerase (D) DNA polymerase II

Last Answer : Answer : C

At which stage of HIV infection does one usually show symptoms of AIDS? (a) Within 15 days of sexual contact with an infected person (b) When the infected retro virus enters host cells (c) When HIV damages large number of helper T  - lymphocytes (d) When the viral DNA is produced by reverse transcriptase

Description : At which stage of HIV infection does one usually show symptoms of AIDS? (a) Within 15 days of sexual contact with an infected person (b) When the infected retro virus enters host cells (c) ... large number of helper T  - lymphocytes (d) When the viral DNA is produced by reverse transcriptase

Last Answer : (c) When HIV damages large number of helper T  - lymphocytes

.After a mutation at a genetic locus the character of an organism changes due to change in (a) protein structure (b) DNA replication (c) protein synthesis pattern (d) RNA transcription pattern.

Description : .After a mutation at a genetic locus the character of an organism changes due to change in (a) protein structure (b) DNA replication (c) protein synthesis pattern (d) RNA transcription pattern.

Last Answer : (d) RNA transcription pattern.

After a mutation at a genetic locus the character of an organism changes due to change in (a) protein structure (b) DNA replication (c) protein synthesis pattern (d) RNA transcription pattern.

Description : After a mutation at a genetic locus the character of an organism changes due to change in (a) protein structure (b) DNA replication (c) protein synthesis pattern (d) RNA transcription pattern.

Last Answer : a) protein structure

An important step in protein synthesis is transcription. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning this process? a. The first step in gene transcription involves separating the double helix of DNA by an enzyme known as DNA polymerase b. The initial product of DNA transcription is called heterogeneous nuclear RNA which codes directly for proteins c. After processing is complete, the mRNA is exported from the nucleus to the cytoplasm d. Only one protein can be produced from an initial mRNA strand

Description : An important step in protein synthesis is transcription. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning this process? a. The first step in gene transcription involves separating the double helix ... nucleus to the cytoplasm d. Only one protein can be produced from an initial mRNA strand

Last Answer : Answer: c Transcription of a gene begins at an initiation site associated with a specific DNA sequence, termed a promoter region. After binding to DNA, the RNA polymerase opens up a short ... different proteins from the same gene. mRNA is exported from the nucleus only after processing is complete

Translocase is an enzyme required in the process of (A) DNA replication (B) RNA synthesis (C) Initiation of protein synthesis (D) Elongation of peptides

Description : Translocase is an enzyme required in the process of (A) DNA replication (B) RNA synthesis (C) Initiation of protein synthesis (D) Elongation of peptides

Last Answer : Answer : D

Meiosis II performs (a) separation of sex chromosomes (b) synthesis of DNA and centromere (c) separation of homologous chromosomes (d) separation of chromatids.

Description : Meiosis II performs (a) separation of sex chromosomes (b) synthesis of DNA and centromere (c) separation of homologous chromosomes (d) separation of chromatids.

Last Answer : d) separation of chromatids.

One of the first enzymes synthesized by many bacteriophage is __________ , an RNA dependent RNA polymerase A.RNA transcriptase B.RNA polymerase C.RNA ligase D.RNA replicase

Description : One of the first enzymes synthesized by many bacteriophage is __________ , an RNA dependent RNA polymerase A.RNA transcriptase B.RNA polymerase C.RNA ligase D.RNA replicase

Last Answer : D.RNA replicase

Which of the following viruses is a retrovirus with reverse transcriptase? a. HPV b. polio c. HIVd. Ebola

Description : Which of the following viruses is a retrovirus with reverse transcriptase? a. HPV b. polio c. HIV d. Ebola

Last Answer : c. HIV

The initial regimen for antiretroviral therapy of previously untreated HIV patient consist of: A. Two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) + one protease inhibitor (PI) B. Two NRTIs + one non-NRTI C. Three NRTIs D. Any of the above

Description : The initial regimen for antiretroviral therapy of previously untreated HIV patient consist of: A. Two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) + one protease inhibitor (PI) B. Two NRTIs + one non-NRTI C. Three NRTIs D. Any of the above

Last Answer : D. Any of the above

ndicate the anti-HIV regimen that is generally reserved for advanced cases of AIDS or for repeated treatment failures: A. Two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) + one protease inhibitor (PI) B. Three NRTIs C. Two NRTIs + one non-NRTI D. One NRTI + one non-NRTI + one PI

Description : ndicate the anti-HIV regimen that is generally reserved for advanced cases of AIDS or for repeated treatment failures: A. Two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) + one protease inhibitor (PI) B. Three NRTIs C. Two NRTIs + one non-NRTI D. One NRTI + one non-NRTI + one PI

Last Answer : D. One NRTI + one non-NRTI + one PI

According to current guidelines, previously untreated symptomatic HIV patients should be treated with: A. Zidovudine alone B. Zidovudine + zalcitabine C. Zidovudine + indinavir D. Any two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors + one protease inhibito

Description : According to current guidelines, previously untreated symptomatic HIV patients should be treated with: A. Zidovudine alone B. Zidovudine + zalcitabine C. Zidovudine + indinavir D. Any two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors + one protease inhibito

Last Answer : D. Any two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors + one protease inhibitor

Select the drug which directly inhibits HIV-reverse transcriptase without the need for intracellular activation by phosphorylation: A. Nelfinavir B. Nevirapine C. Stavudine D. Didanosine

Description : Select the drug which directly inhibits HIV-reverse transcriptase without the need for intracellular activation by phosphorylation: A. Nelfinavir B. Nevirapine C. Stavudine D. Didanosine

Last Answer : B. Nevirapine

Select the correct option. Column I Column II A. Synapsis aligns (i) Anaphase II homologous chromosomes B. Synthesis of (ii) Zygotene RNA and protein C. Action of enzyme (iii)G2-phase recombinase D. Centromeres do (iv) Anaphase I not separate but chromatids move towards opposite poles (v) Pachytene (a) A-(i), B-(ii), C-(v), D-(iv) (b) A-(ii), B-(iii), C-(iv), D-(v) (c) A-(ii), B-(i), C-(iii), D-(iv) (d) A-(ii), B-(iii), C-(v), D-(iv)

Description : Select the correct option. Column I Column II A. Synapsis aligns (i) Anaphase II homologous chromosomes B. Synthesis of (ii) Zygotene RNA and protein C. Action of enzyme (iii)G2-phase recombinase D. Centromeres do (iv) Anaphase I not ... ), C-(iii), D-(iv) (d) A-(ii), B-(iii), C-(v), D-(iv)

Last Answer : (d) A-(ii), B-(iii), C-(v), D-(iv)

The removal of which enzyme affects the synthesis of hnRNA in eukaryotes a) RNA polymerase II b) RNA primase c) RNA polymerase III d) RNA polymerase I

Description : The removal of which enzyme affects the synthesis of hnRNA in eukaryotes a) RNA polymerase II b) RNA primase c) RNA polymerase III d) RNA polymerase I

Last Answer : a) RNA polymerase II

Which of the following is true? (1) DNA is the genetic material in most of the organism (2) RNA is the genetic material in most viruses and bacteria (3) DNA is the genetic material in all the viruses (4) RNA is the genetic material in all the viruses

Description : Which of the following is true? (1) DNA is the genetic material in most of the organism (2) RNA is the genetic material in most viruses and bacteria (3) DNA is the genetic material in all the viruses (4) RNA is the genetic material in all the viruses

Last Answer : (1) DNA is the genetic material in most of the organism Explanation: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecules are informational molecules encoding the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all ... letters. G, A, T, and C. DNA is well-suited for biological information storage.

.Mad cow disease in cattle is caused by an organism which has (a) inert crystalline structure (b) abnormally folded protein (c) free RNA without protein coat (d) free DNA without protein coat.

Description : .Mad cow disease in cattle is caused by an organism which has (a) inert crystalline structure (b) abnormally folded protein (c) free RNA without protein coat (d) free DNA without protein coat.

Last Answer : (b) abnormally folded protein

Which of the following is true ? (1) DNA is the genetic material in most of the organism (2) RNA is the genetic material in most viruses and bacteria (3) DNA is the genetic material in all the viruses (4) RNA is the genetic material in all the viruses

Description : Which of the following is true ? (1) DNA is the genetic material in most of the organism (2) RNA is the genetic material in most viruses and bacteria (3) DNA is the genetic material in all the viruses (4) RNA is the genetic material in all the viruses

Last Answer : DNA is the genetic material in most of the organism

Manipulation of DNA in genetic engineering became possible due to the discovery of (a) restriction endonuclease (b) DNA ligase (c) transcriptase (d) primase

Description : Manipulation of DNA in genetic engineering became possible due to the discovery of (a) restriction endonuclease (b) DNA ligase (c) transcriptase (d) primase

Last Answer : (a) restriction endonuclease

Template-directed DNA synthesis occurs in all the following except (A) The replication fork (B) Polymerase chain reaction (C) Growth of RNA tumor viruses (D) Expression of oncogenes

Description : Template-directed DNA synthesis occurs in all the following except (A) The replication fork (B) Polymerase chain reaction (C) Growth of RNA tumor viruses (D) Expression of oncogenes

Last Answer : Answer : C

The mechanism of synthesis of DNA and RNA are similar to all the following ways except (A) They involve release of pyrophosphate from each nucleotide added (B) They require activated nucleotide precursor and Mg2+ (C) The direction of synthesis is (D) They require a primer

Description : The mechanism of synthesis of DNA and RNA are similar to all the following ways except (A) They involve release of pyrophosphate from each nucleotide added (B) They require activated nucleotide precursor and Mg2+ (C) The direction of synthesis is (D) They require a primer

Last Answer : Answer : D

Template-directed DNA synthesis occurs in all the following except (A) The replication fork (B) Polymerase chain reaction (C) Growth of RNA tumor viruses (D) Expression of oneogenes

Description : Template-directed DNA synthesis occurs in all the following except (A) The replication fork (B) Polymerase chain reaction (C) Growth of RNA tumor viruses (D) Expression of oneogenes

Last Answer : Answer : C

The mechanism of synthesis of DNA and RNA are similar in all the following ways except (A) They involve release of pyrophosphate from each nucleotide added (B) They require activated nucleotide precursor and Mg2+ (C) The direction of synthesis is 5’ → 3’ (D) They require a primer

Description : The mechanism of synthesis of DNA and RNA are similar in all the following ways except (A) They involve release of pyrophosphate from each nucleotide added (B) They require activated nucleotide precursor and Mg2+ (C) The direction of synthesis is 5’ → 3’ (D) They require a primer

Last Answer : Answer : A

RNA synthesis requires (A) RNA primer (B) RNA template (C) DNA template (D) DNA primer

Description : RNA synthesis requires (A) RNA primer (B) RNA template (C) DNA template (D) DNA primer

Last Answer : Answer : C

Ciprofloxacin inhibits the synthesis of (A) DNA in prokaryotes (B) DNA in prokaryotes and eukaryotes (C) RNA in prokaryotes (D) RNA in prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Description : Ciprofloxacin inhibits the synthesis of (A) DNA in prokaryotes (B) DNA in prokaryotes and eukaryotes (C) RNA in prokaryotes (D) RNA in prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Last Answer : Answer : A

Synthesis of RNA and a DNA template is known as (A) Replication (B) Translation (C) Transcription (D) Mutation

Description : Synthesis of RNA and a DNA template is known as (A) Replication (B) Translation (C) Transcription (D) Mutation

Last Answer : Answer : C

After termination of the synthesis of RNA molecule, the core enzymes separate from the DNA template. The core enzymes then recognize a promoter at which the synthesis of a new RNA molecule commences, with the assistance of (A) Rho (ρ) factor (B) δ factor (C) β factor (D) σ factor

Description : After termination of the synthesis of RNA molecule, the core enzymes separate from the DNA template. The core enzymes then recognize a promoter at which the synthesis of a new RNA molecule commences, with the assistance of (A) Rho (ρ) factor (B) δ factor (C) β factor (D) σ factor

Last Answer : Answer : D

Termination of the synthesis of the RNA molecule is signaled by a sequence in the template strand of the DNA molecule, a signal that is recognized by a termination protein, the (A) Rho (ρ) factor (B) σ factor (C) δ factor (D) ε factor

Description : Termination of the synthesis of the RNA molecule is signaled by a sequence in the template strand of the DNA molecule, a signal that is recognized by a termination protein, the (A) Rho (ρ) factor (B) σ factor (C) δ factor (D) ε factor

Last Answer : Answer : A

The most important mechanism by which tetracycline antibiotics exert antiimicrobial action is (a) They chelate Ca2+ ions and alter permeability of bacterial cell membrane (b) They bind to 30S ribosomes and inhibit bacterial protein synthesis (c) They bind to 50S ribosomes and interfere with translocation of the growing peptide chain in the bacteria (d) They interfere with DNA mediated RNA synthesis in bacteria

Description : The most important mechanism by which tetracycline antibiotics exert antiimicrobial action is (a) They chelate Ca2+ ions and alter permeability of bacterial cell membrane (b) They bind to 30S ribosomes ... peptide chain in the bacteria (d) They interfere with DNA mediated RNA synthesis in bacteria

Last Answer : Ans: B

Transcription means the synthesis of – (1) Lipids (2) Protein (3) DNA (4) RNA

Description : Transcription means the synthesis of – (1) Lipids (2) Protein (3) DNA (4) RNA

Last Answer : (3) DNA Explanation: Transcription is the first step of gene expression, in which a particular segment of DNA is copied into RNA by the enzyme, RNA polymerase. During transcription, a DNA sequence is read by an RNA polymerase, which produces a complementary, anti-parallel RNA strand.

What is antisense technology? (a) When a piece of RNA that is complementary in sequence is used to stop expression of a specific gene (b) RNA polymerase producing DNA (c) A cell displaying a foreign antigen used for synthesis of antigens (d) Production of somaclonal variants in tissue cultures

Description : What is antisense technology? (a) When a piece of RNA that is complementary in sequence is used to stop expression of a specific gene (b) RNA polymerase producing DNA (c) A cell displaying a foreign antigen used for synthesis of antigens (d) Production of somaclonal variants in tissue cultures

Last Answer : (a) When a piece of RNA that is complementary in sequence is used to stop expression of a specific gene

The process of translation is (a) ribosome synthesis (b) protein synthesis (c) DNA synthesis (d) RNA synthesis.

Description : The process of translation is (a) ribosome synthesis (b) protein synthesis (c) DNA synthesis (d) RNA synthesis.

Last Answer : (c) DNA synthesis

Select the correct option. Direction of Direction of reading of RNA synthesis the template DNA strand (a) 5′ – 3′ 3′ – 5′ (b) 3′ – 5′ 5′ – 3′ (c) 5′ – 3′ 5′ – 3′ (d) 3′ – 5′ 3′ – 5′

Description : Select the correct option. Direction of Direction of reading of RNA synthesis the template DNA strand (a) 5′ – 3′ 3′ – 5′ (b) 3′ – 5′ 5′ – 3′ (c) 5′ – 3′ 5′ – 3′ (d) 3′ – 5′ 3′ – 5′

Last Answer : (d) 3′ – 5′ 3′ – 5′