What is the difference between a theodolite and a tacheometer. Give any two characteristics of tacheometer.

1 Answer

Answer :

Difference between theodolite and tacheometer.

Sr.No
Theodolite
Tacheometer
1 It is most accurate instrument use for measurement of horizontal and vertical angle.
Tacheometer is usually a transit theodolite having a stadia diaphragm. 
2 In case of theodolite,the distance is measured on the field by chain or tape. 
In case of tacheometer distance is calculated by direct formula. 
3 Suitable for plane areas with less obstacles. 
Suitable in case of obstruction like steep and broken ground. 
4 More station are required to take reading on field. 
Less stations are required to take reading on field. 

 

Characteristics of tacheometer:

 1. The value of constant f/i = 100 Where, f = focal length i = length of image.

2. The telescope should be powerful, the magnification should be 20 to 30 times the Diameter.

3. The telescope should be fitted with anallatic lens to have the value of f +d = 0

4. The vision through the telescope should give a clear and bright image for a long distance. 

Related questions

Description : Define tacheometer. State essential characteristics of tacheometer.

Last Answer : Tacheometer A tacheometer is essentially a transit theodolite having a stadia diaphragm. The diaphragm is equipped with two horizontal hairs called stadia hairs in addition to the regular cross hairs. ... The vision through the telescope should give a clear and bright image for a long distance.

Description : List any four essential characters of Tacheometer. 

Last Answer : 1. The value of constant f/i = 100 Where, f = focal length i = length of image. 2. The telescope should be powerful, the magnification should be 20 to 30 times the diameter  3. The ... aperture of the objective should be 35 to 45mm in diameter in order to have a sufficiently bright image.

Description : How would you determine the constant of given tacheometer on field? 

Last Answer : Method of determining tacheometric constants in the field1) A fairly level ground is selected. The tacheometer is set up at O. Vertical angle is kept zero and pegs are fixed at A, B & C, known distances apart. ... Average of (f/i) and of (f+d) as obtained above, gives values of constants.

Description : Give the desired relationship between fundamental axes of transit theodolite.

Last Answer : The desired relationships between fundamental axes of transit theodolite when in perfect adjustment are : 1) The axis of plate level must be perpendicular to the vertical axis. 2) The line of ... If the instrument has fixed vernier for vertical circle, it must read zero in levelled position. 

Description : State any two advantages of total station over dumpy level and theodolite.

Last Answer : Advantages of total station over dumpy level and theodolite :- 1) Total station gives digital measurements of sloping, horizontal and vertical distances accurately and precisely. 2) Total station gives ... data to computer. 6) Total station used to prepare the map and drawings using softwares.

Description : State any two special features of electronic theodolite.

Last Answer : Following are the special features of electronic theodolite 1. Dual side display and keyboard with push buttons / keys 2. Rechargeable Ni-Cd battery with auto power cut off. 3.Compatability with EDM. 4. Communication port

Description : What is meant by permanent adjustment of a theodolite.Enlist any two such adjustment.

Last Answer : A theodolite consist of several fundamental lines .In order reading to be accurate, certain desired relationship must exist between the fundamental lines of the instruments. But due to improper handling or ... axix 4 Adjustment of level tube on the telescope 5 Adjustment of vertical index frame.

Description : Explain the temporary adjustment of theodolite. 

Last Answer : Temporary Adjustments: The temporary adjustments have to be carried out at every setup of the instrument before taking observations with the theodolite A)Setting up: 1) Place the instrument ... . The parallax can be removed by the sharp focusing until the image appears sharp and clear. 

Description : Define transiting and swinging of theodolite.

Last Answer : Transiting of theodolite - The vertical movement of telescope about its horizontal axis through 360 degree is known as Transiting of telescope of theodolite. Swinging of theodolite - The lateral or ... of theodolite about its vertical axis through 360 degree is known as Swinging of theodolite.

Description : State the component parts of micro optic theodolite . How it is superior to a transit theodolite. Also write the situation where it is suitable.

Last Answer : Component parts of micro optic theodolite 1) Telescope 2) Magnification with standard eyepiece. 3) Level tube 4) Foot screws. 5) Tribatch & Trivet 6) Optical micrometer 7) Changing nob 8) ... is most suitable 3) This instrument is durable for harsh environments. 4) It is simple in use.

Description : State any four uses of digital theodolite.

Last Answer : The uses of digital theodolite are as follows. 1. To measure horizontal angle vey precisely up to one second. 2. To measure vertical angle accurately up to one second. 3. To set ... reduced levels of ridge and valley lines accurately. 5. To determine horizontal distance more precisely

Description : State any four uses of transit theodolite.

Last Answer : Transit theodolite is useful for the following. 1. To measure the horizontal and vertical angles between survey stations. 2. To measure deflection angles between survey lines. 3. To measure horizontal ... tubular compass to it. 6. To prolong or extend the survey line up to required destination.

Description : Describe the use of digital theodolite for measurement of horizontal and vertical angle.

Last Answer : I) Procedure for measurement of horizontal angle with digital theodolite: 1) Taking out digital theodolite for box and fix it on tripod over required station. 2) Approximate leveling by leg adjustment and ... and take the reading at B. 9) Difference of two angle gives required vertical angle AOB

Description : State four component parts of digital theodolite and state their purpose.

Last Answer : Component parts of digital theodolite and their purpose: 1. Control panel: to perform operations by giving commands to measure horizontal and vertical angles in left or right direction, to switch on ... fast and steady leveling. 7. Foot screws: for leveling of instrument by usual method.

Description : Explain the procedure adopted with micro optic theodolite to find reduced level.

Last Answer : Procedure adopted with micro optic theodolite to find reduced level: 1) Take out micro optic theodolite from its box and fix it on the tripod over the required station. 2) Carryout the approximate leveling ... book. 10) RLs can be obtained by line of collimation method or Rise and fall method.

Description : Mention different sources of errors in theodolite surveying.

Last Answer : Sources of errors in theodolite surveying:- i) Instrumental errors1) Non adjustment of plate bubble. 2) Line of collimation not being perpendicular to horizontal axis. 3) Line of collimation ... causes error due to irregular refraction. 2) High winds cause vibration in instrument.

Description : Compare theodolite traversing by included angle method with deflection angle method. Which one is suitable?

Last Answer : Sr.No. Included angle method of traversing  Deflection angle method of traversing 1 This method is most suitable for closed traverse. This method is most suitable for open traverse. ... is suitable for long narrow strip like survey of roads, rivers, canals, railways, etc.

Description : What are the different fundamental axes of theodolite?

Last Answer : line of collimation

Description : State components of one second micro-optic theodolite. 

Last Answer : Component parts of micro optic theodolite 1) Telescope 2) Magnification with standard eyepiece. 3) Level tube 4) Foot screws. 5) Tribatch & Trivet 6) Optical micrometer 7) Microscope with ... -batch with foot screws 12) Plate level 13) Collimation slow motion screw 14 ) Horizontal clamp 

Description : Explain temporary adjustment required for theodolite. 

Last Answer : The temporary adjustments have to be carried out at every set-up of instrument before taking observations with the theodolite. 1) Setting up the theodolite: Setting up of the theodolite includes: a) ... moves up and down. This is affect of parallax. This can be removed with sharp focusing. 

Description : Explain the procedure for measuring of vertical angle by using electronic theodolite 

Last Answer : Digital Theodolite for measurement of vertical angle. 1)Taking out digital theodolite for box and fix it on tripod over required station. 2) Accurate centering and aapproximate leveling by leg ... gives required vertical angle from zenith point or horizantal plane as per setting of the instrument.

Description : Explain construction and use of ‘one second micro optic theodolite’.

Last Answer : Construction: Micro optical theodolite have optical system build during manufacturing. This optical system faceplates reading of both horizontal and vertical angle precisely. The least count of this ... towers carrying electric cable can be precisely done. For locating alignment of tunnel.

Description : State different relationship between fundamental lines of theodolite.

Last Answer : When the instrument is in perfect adjustment, the following relations should exists: 1) The axis of the plate level must be perpendicular to the vertical axis. 2) The line of collimation ... collimation. 5) The vernier of vertical circle must read zero when the telescope is perfectly horizontal.

Description : Explain the temporary adjustment of transit theodolite

Last Answer : Temporary adjustment of transit theodolite consists of following steps. 1. Setting up theodolite over a station 2. Levelling up 3. Focusing of eyepiece. 4. Focusing of object glass. ... , direct the telescope towards object and turn the focusing screw until the appears clear and sharp. 

Description : State the procedure for measurement of deflection angle by transit theodolite

Last Answer : Procedure: 1. Set up the theodolite at Q and level it accurately. 2. With both plate clamped, the vernier A reading 360o take back sight on P (i.e bisect ranging rod at ... angle is doubled and hence, one half of this average value gives the accurate value of deflection angle at Q. 

Description : Define telescope inverted and telescope normal for transit theodolite.

Last Answer : Telescope Inverted: The position of telescope with the face right is known as “Telescope Inverted”. Telescope Normal: The position of telescope with the face left is known as “Telescope Normal”.

Description : Enlist any eight components of transit theodolite and write their functions.

Last Answer : Components of transit theodolite and their functions - Sr.No. Component Function 1 Leveling head  To support the main working parts of the instrument and screws on to a tripod.  ... movement of upper plate.  14 Spindles Inner spindle and outer spindles are coaxial. 

Description : State any four application of digital theodolite. 

Last Answer : Application of digital theodolite:- 1. To measure horizontal angle very precisely up to one second. 2. To measure vertical angle accurately up to one second. 3. To set out control ... reduced levels of ridge and valley lines accurately. 5. To determine horizontal distance more precisely. 

Description : Explain the procedure for measurement of vertical angle using digital theodolite

Last Answer : Digital Theodolite for measurement of vertical angle. 1)Taking out digital theodolite for box and fix it on tripod over required station. 2) Accurate centering and aapproximate leveling by leg ... required vertical angle from zenith point or horizantal plane as per setting of the instrument. 

Description : State any four advantages of total station over dumpy level and theodolite.

Last Answer : Advantages of total station over dumpy level and theodolite : 1)Total station gives digital measurements of sloping, horizontal and vertical distances aaccurately and precisely. 2) Total station gives digital ... computer. 6) Total station is used to prepare the map and drawings using softwares.

Description : Describe the temporary adjustment of theodolite

Last Answer : Temporary adjustment of theodolite:- The following operations should be done as temporary adjustments before taking readings on any theodolite. 1. Setting of theodolite on tripod stand - The theodolite ... .e. cross hairs and object) simultaneously focussing of telescope is said to be completed. 

Description : Explain the method of repetition to measure horizontal angle using transit theodolite. 

Last Answer : Procedure: 1 Suppose the angle AOB is to be measured by the repetition process. The theodolite is set over O. The instrument is centered and levelled properly.Vernier A is set at 00 and vernier is at 1800 ... 8 The mean of the two angles obtained from two faces gives the actual angle AOB. 

Description : State the fundamental axes of theodolite. 

Last Answer : 1 Vertical axis 2 Axis of plate level 3 The line of collimation 4 Horizontal axis or Trunnion axis 5 The bubble line of the altitude level 

Description : State any four characteristics of contours with sketches.

Last Answer : Characteristics of contours - The characteristics of contours are described in following statements with the help of necessary sketches. 1. All the points on contour line represent same reduced level or equal ... 8. The summit of four ridge lines represents saddle as shown in sketch 8.

Description : Define following terms and give any two components of each : 1. GIS 2. GPS 

Last Answer : GIS:- A geographic information system is a computer based tool that allows you to create, manipulate, analyze ,store & display information based on its location. Components:- 1) hardware 2) ... position &location speed and direction. Components:- 1) Antenna 2) Radio frequency

Description : Give classification of curve and explain any one in detail.

Last Answer : Types of curve : The curve is classified broadly in two categories 1. Horizontal curve - When the points of curve are joined in horizontal plane then it is known as horizontal curve. 2. Vertical ... roadway or railway tracks. Vertical curves are of four types. a) Summit curve b) Valley curve

Description : Give the main features of total station

Last Answer : 1. Easy access to any desired programme and mode of selection 2. Automatic atmospheric correction 3. Guide message arrangement 4. Higher distance resolution 5. Two speed tangent resolution 6. Tri axis compensation 7. East to read arrangement 8. Detachable tribranch facility

Description : Give the classification of curve and Define 1.Transition curve 2. Reverse curve

Last Answer : Classification of curve is as follows1) Horizontal curve  a) Simple curve  b) Compound curve  c) Reverse curve  d) Transition curve  e) Lemniscate curve 2) Vertical curve  a) Summit curve ... their centers lie on opposites sides of the curve . They have one common tangent.

Description : Define grade contour. Give the procedure to locate grade contour on contour map with suitable sketch.

Last Answer : Grade Contour - It is the contour established on a specific grade or gradient along the hill side. OR   The line joining the points of equal grade or gradient is termed as grade contour.  ... all the marked points will give us the required grade contour of 1 in 30 accurately. 

Description : Give the simplest method of finding the area of zero of a zero circle from manufacturers table.

Last Answer : The area of zero circle can be find out simply by using following formula. A = M x C Where, A = Area of zero circle  M = Multiplier or multiplying constant provided in manufacturers table C = Constant of planimeter provide in manufacturers table

Description : Give the application of remote sensing. 

Last Answer : Applications of remote sensing:- Remote sensing is widely applicable in the following areas. 1) Applications of Remote sensing with respect to natural hazard. e. g In case of flood,earthquake ... like minerals and fossil fuels, geological data, location of minerals, mapping of mineral zones. 

Description : Compare radiation and intersection methods of plane table surveying on any two parameters. 

Last Answer : Radiation method Intersection method 1. It requires the plane table to occupy a single station.  1. This method requires setting the table up at minimum of two stations.  ... for locating inaccessible points by the intersection of the rays drawn from two instruments stations. 

Description : Name two software for GPS. 

Last Answer : Softwares for GPS 1).GPSWOX 2) iGO 3) HERE 4)Navigon 5)Navman 6)EasyGPS 7) Caliper 

Description : List two uses of EDM. 

Last Answer : 1.It is useful for measuring the distances that are difficult to access. 2. It is useful in topographical survey. 3.Measurement of base line in triangulation survey can be carried out speedily and ... construction of gravity dams. 5.It is useful in fixing alignment of road, railways, canals etc.

Description : State two advantages of plane table surveying

Last Answer : 1.it is most rapid method of surveying. 2. it is suitable for magnetic areas. 3.The map can be prepared easily ,and does not require greater skill. 4.Irregular objects can be represented ... is less costly. 7 The check lines detects the errors of measurement and plotting on field itself. 

Description : State any two situations under which tacheometry is preferred. 

Last Answer : Tacheometry is preferred in following situations. 1. When horizontal distances can't be measured by chaining on highly uneven ground. 2. When vertical distances or reduced levels can't be measured ... is necessary to fill the details in topographic map and contour map with low degree of precision.

Description : What is a contour map? Write any two objects of preparing contour map.

Last Answer : Contour map : It the map showing nature of topography of any particular field with the help of contour lines indicating reduced levels of ground. Objects of preparing contour map : Contour map ... . 4. To excavate the canal and contour cut trenches along hillside under watershed management works.

Description : State the two methods of setting out curves.

Last Answer : Methods of setting out curves :- 1) Method of offsets or ordinates from the long chord 2) By successive bisection of arcs 3) By offsets from tangents 4) By offsets from chords produced 5) Rankine’s method of tangential angles 6) Two Theodolite method

Description : State any two application of each of GIS in land information and land environmental field.

Last Answer : Applications of GIS in Land information Following are the applications of GIS in land information. Easy creation and maintenance of data for land records. Land planning and land use. ... . Environmentally sensitive zone mapping. Forest cover, soil quality and hydrology coverage.

Description : State any two advantages and limitations of remote sensing. 

Last Answer : Following are the advantages of remote sensing Provides data for large areas. Provide data for very remote and inaccessible area. Easy and rapid collection of data. Rapid production ... Needs cross verification with field survey data. Objects can be misclassified or confused. Expensive.