Describe the operating principle of PIN diode with neat sketch.

Describe the operating principle of PIN diode with neat sketch.
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Answer :

Consider the structure of a PIN diode as shown in fig

 A PIN diode operates under what is known as high-level injection.In other words,the intrinsic “i” region is flooded with charge carries from the “P” and “N” regions.

 Its function can be likened to filling up a water bucket with a hole on the side.

Once the water reaches the hole’s level it will begin to pour our water.Similarly,the diode will conduct the current once the flooded electrons and holes reach an equilibrium point,where the number of electrons is equal to the number of holes in the intrinsic region.

When the diode is forward biased,the injected carrier concentration is typically several order of magni tude higher than intrinsic level carrier concentration.Due to this higher level injection,which in is due to the depletion process,the electric field extension deeply (almost the entire length) into the region.

This electric field helps in speeding up of the transport of charge carriers from P to N region,which results in faster operation of the diode,making it a suitable device for high frequency operations.

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