Explain with neat circuit, concept of open circuit and short circuit.

Explain with neat circuit, concept of open circuit and short circuit.
by

1 Answer

Answer :

Open Circuit 

Two points in a circuit are said to be open circuited if there is no circuit element or direct connection between them.

An open circuit exist between points „A‟ and „B‟ in below figure. The resistance between the open circuited points is infinite.


image

Short Circuit 

Two points in a circuit are said to be short circuited when they are connected to each other by a good conducting wire.

Points „A‟ and „B‟ are short circuited in below figure. The resistance between short circuited points is zero.

RAB= 0Ω

image

by

Related questions

Define (i) Open circuit (ii) Short circuit.

Description : Define (i) Open circuit (ii) Short circuit.

Last Answer : Open circuit : An electrical circuit is said to be open,when any part of conducting path is open or broken and there is no continuity in the conducting path of an electrical circuit. Short circuit : An electrical circuit is said to be short,when voltage source has closed path across its terminal.

Describe working of negative clamper circuit with neat diagram and waveform.

Description : Describe working of negative clamper circuit with neat diagram and waveform.

Last Answer : Working: In the first positive half cycle the capacitor will charge through the forward biased diode to peak voltage Vm as shown in circuit. Charging takes place very quickly as the ... reverse biased and stop conducting. Negative clamper adds a negative DC shift as shown in waveform.

Explain with neat sketch construction of PIN Diode. Draw its characteristics in reverse bias mode.

Description : Explain with neat sketch construction of PIN Diode. Draw its characteristics in reverse bias mode. 

Last Answer : Construction A PIN diode is made up of three semiconductor materials; two heavily doped P- and N- type material separated by an intrinsic (undoped) semiconductor (I) as shown in above figure ... . This advantage allows the PIN diode to process even weak signals.  Characteristics

With the help of constructional diagram, explain the working of LDR with neat sketch.

Description : With the help of constructional diagram, explain the working of LDR with neat sketch.

Last Answer : Working Principle The resistance depends on the intensity of light, as resistance decreases with increase in light intensity. Characteristics Applications of LDR 1. They are often ... circuits, light intensity meters, for counting the packages moving on a conveyor belt, etc.

Describe the operating principle of PIN diode with neat sketch.

Description : Describe the operating principle of PIN diode with neat sketch.

Last Answer : Consider the structure of a PIN diode as shown in fig  A PIN diode operates under what is known as high-level injection.In other words,the intrinsic i region is flooded with charge ... results in faster operation of the diode,making it a suitable device for high frequency operations.

Describe the working of PN junction diode with neat sketch under forward biased condition.

Description : Describe the working of PN junction diode with neat sketch under forward biased condition.

Last Answer : If the p-region (anode) is connected to the positive terminal of the external DC source and nside (cathode) is connected to the negative terminal of the DC source then the biasing ... The large number of majority carriers crossing the junction constitutes a current called as the forward current.

Describe working of variable air gang capacitor with neat sketch.

Description : Describe working of variable air gang capacitor with neat sketch.

Last Answer : ( OR)   working: Consider the structure of the above figure. It mainly consists of two sets of aluminium plates separated from each other by air. These metal plates may be rotary or ... when the shaft is rotated. Sometimes, two or more such capacitors are operated by a single shaft.  

Describe avalanche and zener breakdown of PN junction with neat graph.

Description : Describe avalanche and zener breakdown of PN junction with neat graph.

Last Answer : Avalanche Breakdown It is observed in diodes having Vz> 8V. is called Avalanche Breakdown It occurs due to accelerating minority carriers. It shows gradual change. Breakdown voltage ... field. Breakdown is very sharp. Breakdown voltage decreases with increase in temperature 

Describe working of schottky diode with neat construction

Description : Describe working of schottky diode with neat construction

Last Answer : Applications: 1) RF mixer and Detector Diode. 2) Power Rectifier 3) Voltage Clamping 4) Stand-alone photovoltaic system in order to prevent batteries from discharging purpose for the ... . 7) Low Voltage Power Supply Circuits. 8) To rectify very high frequency signals.

Describe the working principle of LED with neat construction.

Description : Describe the working principle of LED with neat construction.

Last Answer : Working Diagram Working:-When the junction is forward - biased the electron in the n-region combines with the holes. These free electrons reside in the conduction band and at the ... . While returning back, the recombining electrons give away the excess energy in the form of light

With help of circuit diagram and waveform, explain working of positive series clipper.

Description : With help of circuit diagram and waveform, explain working of positive series clipper.

Last Answer : Series Clipper (Positive):-   Working: For positive cycle the diode D is reverse biased. Hence there is no voltage across the load RL While for negative half wave, the diode D is forward biased. Hence ... positive cycle of the input voltage gets clipped off. Input & o/p wave form:-   

With help of circuit diagram and waveform, explain working of CLC or π- filter.

Description : With help of circuit diagram and waveform, explain working of CLC or π- filter.

Last Answer : Circuit diagram CLC or Π filter:   Working : It consist of a filter capacitor C1 connected across the rectifier o/p , a choke L is series and another filter capacitor C2 connected across the load. ... to block. Therefore, only d.c component appears across the load and that is what we desire.  

With help of circuit diagram and waveform, explain shunt capacitor filter.

Description : With help of circuit diagram and waveform, explain shunt capacitor filter.

Last Answer : Circuit diagram and Waveform: OR Explanation: A filter circuit is one which removes the ac component present in the rectified output and allows the dc component to reach the ... which allows ac components. The remaining dc components present in the signal are collected at the output. 

With the help of circuit diagram and waveforms, explain working of RC differentiator.

Description : With the help of circuit diagram and waveforms, explain working of RC differentiator.

Last Answer : Fig: RC differentiating circuit Figure shows a RC differential circuit. It is also known as high pass filter. The reactance of a capacitor decreases with increasing frequency. The higher ... i.e. the output signal is directly proportional to the derivative of the input signal.  

Draw negative clamper circuit and explain its working.

Description : Draw negative clamper circuit and explain its working. 

Last Answer : Diagram: Working: During the positive half cycle of the input AC signal, the diode is forward biased and hence no signal appears at the output. In forward biased condition, the diode allows ... - 2Vm} which have the same polarity with each other. As a result, the signal shifted downwards. 

Draw the circuit diagram of bridge rectifier and label it.

Description : Draw the circuit diagram of bridge rectifier and label it. 

Last Answer : Circuit Diagram Bridge rectifier

Draw the clipper circuit using series and shunt diode.

Description : Draw the clipper circuit using series and shunt diode.

Last Answer : Fig: A series negative clipper (OR) Fig: Series positive clipper Fig: Parallel positive clipper (OR) Fig: Parallel negative clipper

Draw the circuit diagram of shunt capacitor filter along with full wave rectifier. Draw the waveform of full wave rectifier output and shunt capacitor filter output.

Description : Draw the circuit diagram of shunt capacitor filter along with full wave rectifier. Draw the waveform of full wave rectifier output and shunt capacitor filter output.

Last Answer : Fig: Shunt capacitor filter along with full wave rectifier Fig: Waveform of full wave rectifier output and shunt capacitor filter output.

Draw RC differentiator circuit.

Description : Draw RC differentiator circuit.

Last Answer : RC differentiator circuit :

What is need of wave shaping circuit ?

Description : What is need of wave shaping circuit ?

Last Answer : In electronics application, it is often needed to alter the shape of wveform like cutting off positive or negative portion of wave,generation of one wave from other,holding wave at some dc level etc.To do this waveshaping circuits are needed.

Draw circuit diagram and waveforms for centre-tap full wave rectifier.

Description : Draw circuit diagram and waveforms for centre-tap full wave rectifier.

Last Answer : Circuit Diagram:    

State the necessity of wave-shaping circuit.

Description : State the necessity of wave-shaping circuit.

Last Answer : 1. To limit the voltage level of the waveform to some present value. 2. To shift the waveform to a particular voltage level. 3. To generate one wave from the other. 4. To cut the negative and positive portions of the waveform.

Define linear and non-linear wave-shaping circuit.

Description : Define linear and non-linear wave-shaping circuit.

Last Answer : Linear wave-shaping circuit  The circuit which makes use of only linear circuit elements is known as linear wave shaping circuits. Resistor, capacitor, inductor are used for the circuits. E.g. ... , transistor, resistors and capacitors etc. are used for the circuits. E.g. Clipper, Clamper

Define clipper. Draw circuit of negative shunt clipper.

Description : Define clipper. Draw circuit of negative shunt clipper.

Last Answer : Clipper: A clipper is a device designed to prevent the output of a circuit from exceeding a predetermined voltage level without distorting the remaining part of the applied waveform. OR Clipper: An ... the positive or negative peak or both from a specific level is known as clipper.

Draw and describe circuit diagram of centre tapped rectifier with LC filter along with its input and output waveforms.

Description : Draw and describe circuit diagram of centre tapped rectifier with LC filter along with its input and output waveforms.

Last Answer : Explanation: A centre- tap full wave rectifier drive produces the rectified voltage and it drives the LC filter. We know that the series inductor filter is preferred for low values of load resistance ( ... load RL. The output voltage waveforms are similar to that as shown in figure above.  

Explain the working principle of slug tuned inductor.

Description : Explain the working principle of slug tuned inductor.

Last Answer : The value of inductor increases, when the slug (moving coil) is moved into the coil winding and hence decreases the resonant frequency of the tuned circuit. Similarly, when the slug is moved out of the ... be varied by using movable core which can be moved up or down by using screw driver.

Explain the following terms 1. Bilateral Network 2. Linear Network

Description : Explain the following terms 1. Bilateral Network 2. Linear Network

Last Answer : Bilateral Network If the magnitude of current flowing through a circuit element is not affected when the polarity of the applied voltage is changed, then the element is known as a bilateral element. ... network comprising of one or more linear number of elements is known as a linear network.

Explain the working of TDR along with its symbol and characteristics.

Description : Explain the working of TDR along with its symbol and characteristics. 

Last Answer : TDR are also called as thermistors. Thermally sensitive materials are used to manufacture thermistors. Depending on the temperature co- efficient of resistance value thermistors are classified as ... used when a drastic change in resistance is required at specific temperature. RαT

Explain the colour coding using colour band system in capacitor with an example.

Description : Explain the colour coding using colour band system in capacitor with an example.

Last Answer : 1. First and second band gives the significant digit reading from left to right. 2. Third colour band gives the multiplier. 3. Fourth colour band gives the tolerance value. 4. Fifth and sixth bands ... , Violet, Yellow To find : Value of capacitor Solution: Yellow: 4  Violet: 7

List specifications of resistors and explain any two.

Description : List specifications of resistors and explain any two.

Last Answer : List specifications of resistors are as follows: 1. Maximum voltage rating. 2. Power rating. 3. Temperature co- efficient of resistance. 4. Tolerance. 5. Operating temperature. 6. Ohmic ... form of energy. Tolerance: It is defined as deviation from nominal value of resistance in percent.

Explain the working principle of electrolytic capacitor.

Description : Explain the working principle of electrolytic capacitor.

Last Answer : Principle: Electrolytic capacitors are using a chemical feature of some special metals, on which by anodically oxidation, an insulating oxide layer or dielectric originates. The metal is placed in an ... form the thin oxide dielectric, this type of capacitor is called electrolytic'.

State and explain superposition theorem.

Description : State and explain superposition theorem.

Last Answer : Superposition theorem states that: In a linear circuit with several sources the voltage and current responses in any branch is the algebraic sum of the voltage and current responses due to each source acting ... branch to find the response on the branch due to the combined effect of all the sources.

State and explain Thevenin’s theorem

Description : State and explain Thevenin’s theorem

Last Answer : Thevenin's Theorem states that Any linear circuit containing several voltages and resistances can be replaced by just one single voltage in series with a single resistance connected across the load . ... Thevenin's equivalent resistance Rth forms Thevenin's equivalent circuit as shown below.

With help of constructional diagram, explain working of air-gang capacitor.

Description : With help of constructional diagram, explain working of air-gang capacitor.

Last Answer : Construction of air-gang capacitor : Air gang capacitors are capacitors which use air as their dielectric. The simplest air capacitors are made of two conductive plates separated by an air gap.   ... capacitor. The rotor plates are attached to the shaft that is used to adjust the capacitance. 

Draw and explain V-I characteristics of a P-N junction diode.

Description : Draw and explain V-I characteristics of a P-N junction diode.

Last Answer : V-I Characteristics of a P-N junction: V-I characteristics of a Diode: The V-I characteristics can be divided in two parts. 1. Forward characteristics. 2. Reverse ... plot a graph with reverse voltage on horizontal axis and current on vertical axis, we obtain reverse characteristics.

With help of constructiobal diagram, explain working of slug tunned inductor.

Description : With help of constructiobal diagram, explain working of slug tunned inductor.

Last Answer : The variable inductor having an adjustable ferrite core is known as slug tuned inductor. The value of inductance increases or decreases respectively, due to the movement of a ferrite core into or out of ... be varied by using movable core which can be moved up or down by using screw driver. 

State any Four specifictions of capacitor and explain any two in details.

Description : State any Four specifictions of capacitor and explain any two in details.

Last Answer : Specifictions of capacitor: 1.Dielectric material 2.Capacitance value 3.Working voltage 4.Tolerence 5.Temperature coefficient 6.Power factor 7.C/V ratio 9.Insulation resistance Explanation: 1.Working ... side from actual value. 4.C/V ratio: It is the ratio of capacitance to volume.

With help of constructional diagram, explain working of LDR.

Description : With help of constructional diagram, explain working of LDR.

Last Answer : Working of LDR: Due to the radiant energy supplied to the semiconductor, the covalent bonds are broken and the electron hole pairs are generated resulting into flow of current. These increased ... resistance of the LDR will decrease with increase in the intensity of incident light.

State and explain Thevenin’s theorem with suitable example.

Description : State and explain Thevenin’s theorem with suitable example.

Last Answer : Statement: Any network containing active and/or passive elements and one or more dependent and/or independent voltage/or current sources can be replaced by an equivalent network containing a voltage source ( ... given by IL =VTH/ (RTH+RL) figures above illustrate the concept of Thevenin s theorem

Explain the following terms: (1) Unilateral network (2) Bilateral network

Description : Explain the following terms: (1) Unilateral network (2) Bilateral network

Last Answer : Unilateral network: It is a network whose properties or characteristics change with the direction of its operation. Eg: Network consisting of Diode. Current flows in only one direction.  Bilateral ... directions. In this network impedance is same in both directions. Eg: All resistive networks.

Draw and explain the working of combinational Clipper with waveforms.

Description : Draw and explain the working of combinational Clipper with waveforms.

Last Answer : Explanation:- As shown in figure the combinational clipper is the combination of positive biased and negative biased clipper. The combinational clipper can be used to clip both two independent ... open circuit. Hence the value of output voltage cannot exceed the voltage level of VB2. 

Draw and explain B-H curve.

Description : Draw and explain B-H curve.

Last Answer : Diagram: Explanation: B-H curve is obtained while plotting the graph between B & H for a magnetic material while magnetized through one complete cycle of magnetization. The value of ... measure of the energy dissipated due to hysteresis, more the area higher is the hysteresis loss. 

Draw construction of PVC gang capacitor and describe it’s working.

Description : Draw construction of PVC gang capacitor and describe it’s working.

Last Answer :  Diagram Working  In plastic core capacitor, poly-vinyl chloride (PVC) type of plastic film is used as dielectric between the fixed & movable vanes instead of air. This increases ... & results in great reduction of size of capacitor in comparison with the air core capacitor.

Describe construction of Aluminium Electrolytic capacitor.

Description : Describe construction of Aluminium Electrolytic capacitor.

Last Answer : A plain foil dry electrolytic capacitor is made by forming a coating of aluminium oxide on both sides of an aluminium foil. Two strips of aluminium foil used are then separated by two layers of porous ... is rolled up the ends closed with wax and then sealed into an aluminium container.

Define rectification efficiency. Give its formula.

Description : Define rectification efficiency. Give its formula.

Last Answer : The ratio of output DC power delivered to the load to the applied input AC power is called rectification efficiency. It is denoted by η. η = Output DC power delivered to the load / Input AC power from transformer secondary η = Pdc / Pac

List two applications of LDR.

Description : List two applications of LDR.

Last Answer : 1. It is used for automatic contrast of brightness control in television receivers. 2. It is used as a proximity switch. 3. It is used in the street light control circuits. 4. It is used in the ... security alarms. 9. It is used in the smoke detectors. 10. It is used in the infrared astronomy.

Define permeability and reluctivity of magnetic material.

Description : Define permeability and reluctivity of magnetic material. 

Last Answer : Permeability is the capability of a specific material to allow the flow of magnetic flux more easily. Thus higher permeability enables a material to pass more magnetic flux. Reluctivity is equal to the ratio of the intensity of the magnetic field to the magnetic induction of the material.

Define following terms: i) Active networks. ii) Unilateral networks

Description : Define following terms: i) Active networks. ii) Unilateral networks

Last Answer : i) Active networks: If a network consists of an energy source then it is called an active network. The type of energy source can be a voltage source or a current source. ii) ... direction of current through its elements in it, then the network is called as a unilateral network.

Draw the star and delta connection. State any one conversion formula.

Description : Draw the star and delta connection. State any one conversion formula.

Last Answer : star and delta connection

Draw the construction diagram of air core inductor. List two applications

Description : Draw the construction diagram of air core inductor. List two applications

Last Answer : Applications: i. It is used for construction of IF and RF tuning coils. ii. It is used for interstage coupling.