Enlist the factors affecting on selection of survey station or survey line in chain survey.

Enlist the factors affecting on selection of survey station or survey line in chain survey.
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Answer :

Following are the factors affecting on selection of survey station for chain surveying.

1) As far as possible the survey work should be based upon the basic principle of surveying i.e. working from whole to the part.

2) Number of stations shall be minimum.

3) Main station should be intervisible.

4) Survey lines if possible should run through a level ground.

5) If possible a long line should be run roughly through the middle of area.

6) The stations should be so selected that the obstacles in chaining and ranging should be avoided.

7) The stations should be so the area should be divided into well-conditioned triangles.

8) Stations are selected on firm and level ground.

9) The survey lines should run as far as possible nearer to object.


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State the classification of surveys based on i) The nature of the field of survey. ii) The object of survey.

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State the principle of plane table survey.

Description : State the principle of plane table survey. 

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State two principles of survey.

Description : State two principles of survey.

Last Answer : Following are the two principles of survey. 1) To work from whole to part. 2) To locate a point at least by two independent processes.

Classify survey as per instruments used.

Description : Classify survey as per instruments used.

Last Answer : Classification of Survey as per Instruments. 1) Chain Survey 2) Compass Survey 3) Plane Table Survey 4) Theodolite Survey 5) Tachometric Survey 6) Photogrammetric Survey

Explain intersection method of plane survey.

Description : Explain intersection method of plane survey.

Last Answer : Intersection method of plane tabling 1. Lay out a base line AB and measure it and Plot a distance ab' on sheet using any scale. 2.Set up instrument at A' with a' over A' 3.Orient the table by ... sighted rays bd, bg, bf, bc are drawn to determine points intersection, d, g, f, c.

State four advantages and four disadvantages of plane table survey

Description : State four advantages and four disadvantages of plane table survey

Last Answer : Advantages: 1. A field book is not required. 2. Errors of booking in field book avoided. 3. Errors of plotting can be readily checked. 4. Suitable in magnetic area. 5. Survey work with ... cannot be done in rainy season. 5. Difficult to re-plot as field notes are not available.

Explain temporary adjustment of plane table survey.

Description : Explain temporary adjustment of plane table survey.

Last Answer : 1. Setting over the station: The plane table is fixed on tripod and adjust the table in such a way that table is approximately level. 2. Leveling the table: The tubular or spirit level is placed in two ... . The table can be oriented in two ways. i. Using trough compass. ii. By back sighting.

State the points to be considered while selecting survey stations.

Description : State the points to be considered while selecting survey stations.

Last Answer : Points to be considered while selecting survey stations. 1. Stations shall be inter visible. 2. Stations shall be so selected that well conditional triangles should be formed. 3. Stations shall be ... they run as close to details to be established as possible and only short offsets are needed.

List any four accessories required for plane table survey.

Description : List any four accessories required for plane table survey.

Last Answer : 1. Plane table. 2. Plumbing U-fork. 3. Alidade. 4. Spirit level. 5. Trough compass. 6. Plumb bob.

State the primary classification of survey.

Description : State the primary classification of survey.

Last Answer : Primary classification of survey. 1. Geodetic survey: The survey in which curvature of earth is considered. 2. Plane survey: The survey in which earth surface is assumed as plane. 

Describe in brief errors in plane table survey.

Description : Describe in brief errors in plane table survey.

Last Answer : 1) The board not being horizontal. 2) The table not being accurately centered. 3) The table not being Correctly oriented. 4) The objects not being sited accurately. 5) The alidade not being ... through the station point. 7) Inaccuracy in plotting. 8) The expansion and contraction of the paper.

Describe in brief errors in compass survey.

Description : Describe in brief errors in compass survey.

Last Answer : Errors in Compass Surveying. The errors are classified as: 1. Instrumental errors. 2. Personal or Observational errors. 3. Errors due to External Influences (Natural errors etc.).  (1 ... in magnetic declination. (iii) Local attraction due to proximity of electric lines, steel structures etc.

State the suitability of plane table survey

Description : State the suitability of plane table survey

Last Answer : The plane tabling is generally suitable for surveys in which high precision is not required. It is mainly employed for small-scale or medium size mapping.

State the principle of compass survey.

Description : State the principle of compass survey. 

Last Answer : The principle of compass survey is traversing, which involves a series of connected survey lines (may be open or closed) whose lengths and bearing are measured by linear and angular measuring instruments.

Define: i) Mean sea level, ii) Station point.

Description : Define: i) Mean sea level, ii) Station point. 

Last Answer : i) M.S.L: Mean sea level is the average height of the sea for all stages of tides. It is determined by averaging the hourly tide heights over a long period of 19 years at a place.  ii) Station ... is a point which is to be established at a given elevation or it is a point where the Staff is held 

A 20m chain was found to be 6cm too long after chaining a distance of 1059m. It was found to be 9cm too short after chaining at the end 1985m. If the chain was correct before commencement of work find the true distance.

Description : A 20m chain was found to be 6cm too long after chaining a distance of 1059m. It was found to be 9cm too short after chaining at the end 1985m. If the chain was correct before commencement of work find the true distance.

Last Answer : Given : Line ABC, AB=1059m, AC=1985m  L= 20m, No error at start, 0.06m too long at B,  0.09m too short  Find : True distance of AC = ? Solution : For part AB L = Length of chain= 20 m e = Average ... Total true distance of AC = True distance of (AB + BC)  = 1060.59 m + 922.52 m  = 1983.11 m

Describe method of measuring distances on ground using chain and arrows.

Description : Describe method of measuring distances on ground using chain and arrows.

Last Answer : Method of measuring distances on ground. 1. Mark the position of survey stations whose distance is to be measured using wooden peg. (say A and B) 2. now, ranging is done if distance ... station B. Thus total horizontal distance will be equal to addition of distances measured of each parts.

Draw a neat labeled sketch of 30m chain.

Description : Draw a neat labeled sketch of 30m chain.

Last Answer : neat labeled sketch of 30m chain

Explain Procedure for chain and compass traversing.

Description : Explain Procedure for chain and compass traversing.

Last Answer : Chain and compass traversing : 1) Reconnaissance of the area to be surveyed is done. 2) Traverse stations are fixed. 3) The F.B and B.B of the traverse are measured by prismatic compass and ... occur when the traverse is plotted. 6) This error is adjusted graphically by using Bowditch Rule'. 

Explain principle of chain surveying

Description : Explain principle of chain surveying 

Last Answer : 1) Principle of chain surveying is triangulation 2) Triangulation consists of frame work of triangles. The whole area is divided into network of triangles. 3) A triangle is the only simple plane ... to be adopted depends upon the shape & configuration of the ground & the natural obstacles. 

State any four precautions to be taken while selecting stations for chain surveying.

Description : State any four precautions to be taken while selecting stations for chain surveying.

Last Answer : Following are the precautions to be taken while selecting station for chain surveying. 1) As far as possible the survey work should be based upon the basic principle of surveying i.e. working from whole to ... level ground. 9) The survey lines should run as far as possible nearer to object.

Draw the sketch of chain triangulation and label different lines.

Description : Draw the sketch of chain triangulation and label different lines.

Last Answer : AB – Base line AC, CD, DE, AE, EB - main survey lines DD’ – Check line. ab – Tie line.