How does a stream gradient affect its velocity?

How does a stream gradient affect its velocity?
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the difference in velocity is mostly due to the great efficiencyof the large downstream channel.
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A boat takes 4hours for traveling downstream from point P to point Q and coming back to point P upstream. If the velocity of the stream is 2km ph and the speed of the boat in still water is 4kmph, what is the distance between P and Q? A.9 km B.7 km C.5 km D.6km

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A boat takes 27 hrs to travel a distance upstream and takes 9hrs to travel the same distance downstream. If the speed of the boat in still water is 12km/hr, then what is the velocity of the stream? A) 8km/hr B) 6km/hr C) 4km/hr D) None of these

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