In heart cells, which of the following serves as a secondary messenger, speeding up muscle cell contraction in response to adrenaline ?

In heart cells, which of the following serves as a secondary messenger, speeding up muscle cell contraction in response to adrenaline ?
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In heart cells, which of the following serves as a secondary messenger, speeding up muscle cell contraction in ... A. cAMP B. cGMP C. GTP D. ATP
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The secondary messenger which show antagonistic effect to c-AMP in heart muscle is

Description : The secondary messenger which show antagonistic effect to c-AMP in heart muscle is

Last Answer : The secondary messenger which show antagonistic effect to c-AMP in heart muscle is A. `Ca^(2+)` B. Inositol triphosphate `(IP_3)` C. DAG D. c-GMP

Which of the following statements is not correct? (a) An action potential in an axon does not move backward because the segment behind is in a refractory phase. (b) Depolarisation of hair cells of cochlea results in the opening of the mechanically gated potassium-ion channels. (c) Rods are very sensitive and contribute to daylight vision. (d) In the knee-jerk reflex, stimulus is the stretching of muscle and response is its contraction.

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Last Answer : (c) Rods are very sensitive and contribute to daylight vision.

The anaesthetic action of thiopentone sodium is characterised by: A. Good muscle relaxation B. Poor analgesia C. Sensitization of heart to adrenaline D. No postoperative residual CNS depression

Description : The anaesthetic action of thiopentone sodium is characterised by: A. Good muscle relaxation B. Poor analgesia C. Sensitization of heart to adrenaline D. No postoperative residual CNS depression

Last Answer : B. Poor analgesia

Which one of the following describes the mode of action of tetanospasmin? a. It inhibits muscle contraction. b. It damages and lyses red blood cells. c. It disrupts cell tissues. d. It inhibits muscle relaxation.

Description : Which one of the following describes the mode of action of tetanospasmin? a. It inhibits muscle contraction. b. It damages and lyses red blood cells. c. It disrupts cell tissues. d. It inhibits muscle relaxation.

Last Answer : d. It inhibits muscle relaxation.

Mark the second messenger in case of heart in response to parasympathetic nervous system.

Description : Mark the second messenger in case of heart in response to parasympathetic nervous system.

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Injection of adrenaline along with a local anaesthetic serves the following purpose: A. Lowers the concentration of the local anaesthetic to produce nerve block B. Prolongs the duration of local anaesthesia C. Increases the anaesthetised area D. Reduces the local toxicity of the local anaesthetic

Description : Injection of adrenaline along with a local anaesthetic serves the following purpose: A. Lowers the concentration of the local anaesthetic to produce nerve block B. Prolongs the duration of local anaesthesia C. Increases the anaesthetised area D. Reduces the local toxicity of the local anaesthetic

Last Answer : B. Prolongs the duration of local anaesthesia

"Sodium Pump" operates in - (1) Muscle contraction (2) Heart beat (3) Nerve impulse (4) None of the above

Description : "Sodium Pump" operates in - (1) Muscle contraction (2) Heart beat (3) Nerve impulse (4) None of the above

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Microfilaments may assist a. in the movement of fibroblasts in heart b. growth of axons c. contraction of all muscle d. all

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The four sketches (A, B, C and D) given below, represent four different types of animal tissues. Which one of these is correctly identified in the options given, along with its correct location and function? (A) (B) (C) (D) Tissue Location Function (a) (B) Glandular Intestine Secretion epithelium (b) (C) Collagen Cartilage Attach skeletal fibres muscles to bones(c) (D) Smooth Heart Heart muscle contraction tissue (d) (A) Columnar Nephron Secretion epithelium and absorption

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if you suspect atrial flutter : Consider digoxin if not already in use because it frequently increases the conduction ratio and decreases the ventricular rate. , Avoid adrenergic and atropinic agents during sedation or anesthesia for cardioversion. Ketamine is relatively contraindicatedthe cause of premature ventricular contraction? decrease O2 supply to the muscle decrease blood supply to the muscle the heart trying to beat fast ______________________________

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“Sodium Pump” operates in (1) Muscle contraction (2) Heart beat (3) Nerve impulse (4) None of the above

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Histamine (a) May be released from mast cells by a number of therapeutic agents (b) Causes sedation (c) Decreases the force of contraction of ventricular muscle (d) Can cause strong contractions of the gravid human uterus

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What are some examples of movement created by the contraction of sarcomeres of the muscle cells ?

Description : What are some examples of movement created by the contraction of sarcomeres of the muscle cells ?

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The following are true about the smooth muscle cells: a. presence of a striated appearance b. do not contain actin and myosin c. spontaneous muscle contraction d. mitochondria are absent

Description : The following are true about the smooth muscle cells: a. presence of a striated appearance b. do not contain actin and myosin c. spontaneous muscle contraction d. mitochondria are absent

Last Answer : spontaneous muscle contraction

The following are true about the smooth muscle cells: a. presence of a striated appearance b. do not contain actin and myosin c. spontaneous muscle contraction d. mitochondria are absent

Description : The following are true about the smooth muscle cells: a. presence of a striated appearance b. do not contain actin and myosin c. spontaneous muscle contraction d. mitochondria are absent

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What are the functions of potassium? (A) In muscle contraction (B) Cell membrane function (C) Enzyme action (D) All of these

Description : What are the functions of potassium? (A) In muscle contraction (B) Cell membrane function (C) Enzyme action (D) All of these

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The following points about microfilaments are true except (A) They form cytoskeleton with microtubules (B) They provide support and shape (C) They form intracellular conducting channels (D) They are involved in muscle cell contraction

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Last Answer : C

Microtubule is involved in the (a) muscle contraction (b) membrane architecture (c) cell division (d) DNA recognition

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In the mammalian body, this element plays many important roles. Try to identify this element with the fewest number of clues. This element is required to insure the integrity and permeability of cell membranes, to regulate nerve and muscle excitability, to help maintain normal muscular contraction, and to assure cardiac rhythmicity. It also plays a essential role in several of the enzymatic steps involved in blood coagulation and is the most important element of bone salt. Name this element.

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Propranolol does not block the following action of adrenaline (a) Bronchodilation (b) Lipolysis (c) Muscle tremor (d) Mydriasis

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Low doses of adrenaline dilate the following vascular bed (a) Cutaneous (b) Mucosal (c) Renal (d) Skeletal muscle

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The muscle fatigue occurs due to the release of (a) acetylcholine (b) lactic acid (c) adrenaline (d) none of these

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The metabolic actions of adrenaline include the following except: A. Glycogenolysis in liver and muscle B. Inhibition of neoglucogenesis in liver C. Lipolysis in adipose tissue D. Release of potassium from liver followed by its uptake

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Low doses of adrenaline dilate the following vascular bed: A. Cutaneous B. Mucosal C. Renal D. Skeletal muscle

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Propranolol does not block the following action of adrenaline: A. Bronchodilatation B. Lipolysis C. Muscle tremor D. Mydriasis

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The metabolic actions of adrenaline include the following except: A. Glycogenolysis in liver and muscle B. Inhibition of neoglucogenesis in liver C. Lipolysis in adipose tissue D. Release of potassium from liver followed by its uptake

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Low doses of adrenaline dilate the following vascular bed: A. Cutaneous B. Mucosal C. Renal D. Skeletal muscle

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The effect of noradrenaline on the heart include: a. tachycardiac b. increased duration of the cardiac action potential c. decreased potassium conductance of the membranes of pacemaker cells d. increased strength of cardiac contraction

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The best understood intracellular messenger is cyclic AMP (cAMP). Which of the following statement(s) concerning this intracellular messenger is/are correct? a. Intracellular cyclic AMP is constantly degraded by a specific enzyme, cAMP phosphodiesterase b. Most of the actions of cAMP are mediated by activation of protein kinase A c. Intracellular levels of cAMP are relatively stable and change solely in response to activation of adenylate cyclase d. cAMP is the only cyclic nucleotide active as an intracellular messenger

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Identify A, B and C in the diagramatic representation of the mechanism of hormone action. B A Response 1 C Physiological Responses Select the correct option from the following. (a) A-Steroid Hormone; B-Hormone-receptor Complex; C-Protein (b) A-Protein Hormone; B-Receptor; C-Cyclic AMP (c) A-Steroid Hormone; B-Receptor; C - Second Messenger (d) A-Protein Hormone; B-Cyclic AMP; C-Hormone-receptor Complex

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Which of the following statements are true of the multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS)? A. The “two-hit” model proposes that secondary MODS may be produced when even a relatively minor second insult reactivates, in a more amplified form, the systemic inflammatory response that was primed by an initial insult to the host. B. The systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), shock due to sepsis or SIRS, and MODS may be regarded as a continuum of illness severity. C. Prolonged stimulation or activation of Kupffer cells in the liver is thought to be a critical factor in the sustained, uncontrolled release of inflammatory mediators. D. The incidence of MODS in intensive care units has decreased owing to increased awareness, prevention, and treatment of the syndrome.

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Booster immunizations are used to raise the antibody level by stimulating the _____ cells to induce the secondary antibody response. a. helper T b. B c. memory d. plasma

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All the following statements about ACTH are true except (A) It is a tropic hormone (B) Its target cells are located in adrenal cortex (C) Its receptors are located in the cell membrane (D) Its second messenger is inositol triphosphate

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Which of the following statements regarding cytokines is incorrect? A. Cytokines act directly on target cells and may potentiate the actions of one another. B. Interleukin 1 (IL-1) is a major proinflammatory mediator with multiple effects, including regulation of skeletal muscle proteolysis in patients with sepsis or significant injury. C. Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a major cytokine that results in platelet aggregation, bronchoconstriction, and increased vascular permeability. D. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a), despite its short plasma half-life, appears to be a principal mediator in the evolution of sepsis and the multiple organ dysfunction syndrome because of its multiple actions and the secondary cascades that it stimulates.

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The name secondary messenger is given to

Description : The name secondary messenger is given to

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Which one of the following is not a secondary messenger in hormone action ?

Description : Which one of the following is not a secondary messenger in hormone action ?

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Which of the following act as secondary messenger ?

Description : Which of the following act as secondary messenger ?

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Which of the following act as secondary messenger ?

Description : Which of the following act as secondary messenger ?

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Which one of the following is not a secondary messenger in hormone action? (a) cAMP (b) cGMP (c) Calcium (d) Sodium

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Answer: b, c The body contains fuel reserves which it can mobilize and utilize during times of starvation or stress. By far the greatest energy component is fat, which is calorically dense since it provides about 9 calories/gram. Body protein comprises the next largest mass of utilizable energy, but amino acids yield only about 4 kcal/gram. Unlike fat reserves, body protein is not a storage form of energy but rather serves as a structural functional component of the body; loss of body protein, if severe, is associated with functional consequences. Glycogen stored in muscle and liver and free glucose have a trivial caloric value of less than 1000 kcal for a 70 kg male

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When the normal heart of a man is injected with physiological concentration of adrenaline, it shows

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Which of the following vasoactive drugs used in treating shock results in reduced preload and afterload, reducing oxygen demand of the heart? a) Nitroprusside (Nipride) A disadvantage of nitroprusside is that it causes hypotension. b) Dopamine (Intropin) Dopamine improves contractility, increases stroke volume, and increases cardiac output. c) Epinephrine (adrenaline) Epinephrine improves contractility, increases stroke volume, and increases cardiac output. d) Methoxamine (Vasoxyl) Methoxamine increases blood pressure by vasoconstriction.

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In replacing a defective transformer with a new one, which of the following actions must be carried out to insure proper operation of the equipment it serves? A. The secondary leads must be grounded for 10 minutes to remove static charges. B. The transformer connections must be made as before with regard to the indicated polarity. C. The iron core of the transformer must be flashed to pre-magnetize it. D. The iron core must be grounded for 10 minutes to remove any residual magnetism.

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In case of pulverised coal fired steam boiler, the secondary air serves the main purpose of (A) Transportation of coal (B) Drying of coal (C) Combustion of coal by supplying it around the burner (D) Preheating the primary air

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In case of pulverised coal fired steam boiler, the secondary air serves the main purpose of (A) Transportation of coal (B) Drying of coal (C) Combustion of coal by supplying it around the burner (D) Preheating the primary air

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A stress which develops within an object when it attempts to expand or contract in response to a temperature changes, but cannot, due to being held rigidly in place.  a. elongation  b. thermal stress  c. expansion contraction  d. thermal expansion

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According to the sliding - filament model of muscle contraction, the molecules that moves to shorten a muscle are :-

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