Explain with sketch working of electronic petrol injection system. State its advantages over carbureted fuel system.

Explain with sketch working of electronic petrol injection system. State its advantages over carbureted fuel system. 
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1 Answer

Answer :

Working of Electronic Fuel injection system: Because mechanical injection systems have limited adjustments to develop the optimal amount of fuel into an engine that needs to operate under a variety of different conditions (such as when starting, the engine's speed and load, atmospheric and engine temperatures, altitude, ignition timing, etc.) electronic fuel injection (EFI) systems were developed that relied on numerous sensors and controls. When working together, these electronic components can sense variations and the ECU computes the appropriate amount of fuel needed to achieve better engine performance based on a stored "map" of optimal settings for given requirements.

EFI gasoline engine components

These examples specifically apply to a modern EFI gasoline engine. Parallels to fuels other than gasoline can be made, but only conceptually.

Injectors

Fuel pump

Fuel pressure regulator

Engine control unit

Wiring harness

Various sensors (some of the sensors required are listed here)

Crank/cam position: Hall effect sensor

Airflow: MAF sensor, sometimes this is inferred with a MAP sensor

Exhaust gas oxygen: oxygen sensor, EGO sensor, UEGO sensor


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Advantage of fuel injection system over carburetor

1. Improved power output.

2. Better fuel efficiency over a wide range of engine speed.

3. Quick warm-up of engine.

4. Reduced engine emission that meets strict emission norms.

5. Better throttle response of the engine.

6. Better pick- up (acceleration).

7. Compact design of fuel supply system.

8. Modular design

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