State any four precautions to be taken while marking layout on ground.

State any four precautions to be taken while marking layout on ground.
by

1 Answer

Answer :

The necessary precaution to be taken while marking layout on ground are as follows

1. All vertical wooden post should be firmly fixed into the ground with concrete and curing should be done to the concrete work for the period of 7 days before fixing horizontal railing.

2. Horizontal wooden planks called as railing should be straight and should have standard size.

3. Joints of the wooden railing should not be overlapped but should be joined by small wooden planks on either side of joint and nailed properly.

4. All vertical post should be kept generally at the same level 5. Horizontal wooden railing should have same level throughout and leveled should be found either by level tube or dumpy level.

6. Railing should be fixed by the nails of 50 mm in dia.

7. Nails of 40 mm in dia. Should be used for locating the center of column in framed structure and locating the centre of masonry wall in load bearing structure

8. A diagonal check should be done for every day work while locating the centre of column.

9. Strict instruction should be given to the staff and labours not to sit on railing such that bending of railings avoided and it helps for better accuracy

10. Periodical checking should be done by measuring distances of each rail from the face marking or origin

11. Position of nails on the horizontal railing should not be disturbed till the completion of the plinth work

12. All column number i.e. C1, C2, C3 etc. marked on wooden railing should be visible.

13. All the work should be certified by RCC consultant and Architect

14. To prevent the lime powder flowing away with wind action, it should be thoroughly mixed with sand.

15. Marking with lime powder should be clear and distinct to excavate the pits and trenches properly by labour.

16. Measure or check all distances by steel tape.

17. Prepare the location sketch of reference markings.

18. Mark the face line or center line correctly.

19. Use proper or correct plumb bob for centering. 
by

Related questions

State any four precautions to be taken while plastering.

Description : State any four precautions to be taken while plastering.

Last Answer : i. Before application of the plastering, the surface must be clean and free of dirt, oil, or other elements which may interfere with bonding. ii. Smooth or non-absorbent surfaces should be prepared. iii. ... or vertical line at the end of the day or if work requires to be suspended for any reason.

State the precautions to be observed in stone masonry construction.

Description : State the precautions to be observed in stone masonry construction.

Last Answer : Following are the precautions to be observed in stone masonry construction: 1. Stone used in masonry should be well seasoned, hard, tough, uniform in texture. 2. Stones used should be free from ... on the natural bed. 10. The exposed joints of the masonry should be properly pointed by mortar.

Define the job layout and site clearance.

Description : Define the job layout and site clearance.

Last Answer : job layout: A plan in which the arrangement for placing site office, store room, labour quarter, medical aid center, godowns for keeping construction material and other facility are properly prepared is ... plant, roots, old construction etc. to prepare a leveled ground for marking of layout.  

Describe the procedure for layout of load bearing structure by center – line method.

Description : Describe the procedure for layout of load bearing structure by center – line method.

Last Answer : 1. From the plan (fig 1), the center line of the walls are calculated. Then the center lines of the rooms are set out by setting perpendiculars in the ratio 3:4:5. Suppose the corner points ... lime or by with furrow with spade. 6. A theodolite should be used for accurate center line marking. 

Explain the foundation layout of load bearing structure by centre-line method.

Description : Explain the foundation layout of load bearing structure by centre-line method.

Last Answer : Foundation layout of load bearing structure by centre line method: 1.One corner of the foundation plan is fixed by measuring the distance from the border of the plot and wooden peg with a nail on ... are marked with nail / cross line on plaster for further reference to establish centre line.

Define job layout

Description : Define job layout

Last Answer : Job Layout: A systematic arrangement of various jobs / resources required for construction project around it, are chalked out on drawing so as to achieve economy, Safety & convenience.

For different layers of cement concrete floor. Pick up the incorrect statement from the following: (A) The lowest layer consists of consolidated ground (B) A 10 cm thick clean sand is laid on consolidated ground (C) A 10 cm lime concrete (1 : 4 : 8) is laid on clean sand (D) A 10 cm thick cement concrete (1 : 2 : 4) is laid on top layer

Description : For different layers of cement concrete floor. Pick up the incorrect statement from the following: (A) The lowest layer consists of consolidated ground (B) A 10 cm thick clean sand is laid on consolidated ground (C) ... sand (D) A 10 cm thick cement concrete (1 : 2 : 4) is laid on top layer

Last Answer : Option D

A wall constructed with stones to protect slopes of cuttings in natural ground from the action of weathering agents, is called (A) Retaining wall (B) Breast wall (C) Buttress (D) Parapet wall

Description : A wall constructed with stones to protect slopes of cuttings in natural ground from the action of weathering agents, is called (A) Retaining wall (B) Breast wall (C) Buttress (D) Parapet wall

Last Answer : Option B

Suggest precaution to be taken during demolition.

Description : Suggest precaution to be taken during demolition.

Last Answer : Following precaution to be taken during demolition: 1. Complete evacuation of building including pets and other animals. 2. Careful study of the building. 3. Emptying of surrounding area. ... explosive. 8.Action plan already prepared if explosion goes wrong or only partial explosion occur.

As a ‘Supervisor’, state precautionary measures you will observe while constructing brick masonry, along with their reasons.

Description : As a ‘Supervisor’, state precautionary measures you will observe while constructing brick masonry, along with their reasons.

Last Answer : Following Precautionary measures are to be observe as a supervisor while constructing brick masonry: 1. Bricks should be as per the specification. The bricks should be well burnt, reddish in colour, sound and hard ... is used and for a period of about one to two weeks, if cement mortar is used.

Explain four defects in plastering with neat sketch.

Description : Explain four defects in plastering with neat sketch.

Last Answer : Following are the defects in plastering: 1) Blistering of plastered surface: it is the defect in which small patches of plaster are swelled out from the plastered surface. 2 ... defect in which there is complete dislocation of some portion of plastered surface which forms the patches. 

Describe any four forms of ‘Rubble Masonry’ with sketches.

Description : Describe any four forms of ‘Rubble Masonry’ with sketches.

Last Answer : 1) Dry rubble masonry: - In dry rubble masonry, dressed or undressed stones are used without mortar. Bigger pieces of stones are arranged at the bottom and smaller pieces of stones are used at the top. ... should not exceed 13 mm. the stone used in this masonry should be of uniform color.  

Enlist any four types of floor finishes.

Description : Enlist any four types of floor finishes.

Last Answer : Four types of floor finishes:- 1)Shahabad flooring 2) Kota flooring 3) Marble flooring 4) Granite flooring 5) Kadappa 6) Mosaic tiles 7) Pavement blocks 8)Tiled flooring 9) Tremix floor 10)Vitrified tiles 11) IPS 12) Ceramic

State the classification of building as per type of construction.

Description : State the classification of building as per type of construction. 

Last Answer : Following are the classification of building as per type of construction: 1. Residential Buildings. 2. Public Buildings. 3. Institutional Buildings. 4. Assembly building. 5. Business Buildings. ... . Storage Buildings. 8. Hazardous Buildings. 9. Framed structure. 10. Load bearing structure

State the function of window sill and lintel.

Description : State the function of window sill and lintel.

Last Answer : a)Sill 1. To provide suitable finish to window opening. 2. It also affords a protection to wall below the window 3.It also provides the support to vertical members of the openings. b) Lintel ... the opening. 2. They are used to transmit the load to adjacent wall over which they are supported.

State any two purpose of foundation.

Description : State any two purpose of foundation.

Last Answer : The purpose of foundation are 1) To support the structure. 2) To distribute load of the entire structure over a wide spread area, so that the chances of unequal settlement are minimized. 3) To ... To prevent or minimize the cracks due to movement of moisture in case of weak or poor soils etc.

State any two building components with their function.

Description : State any two building components with their function.

Last Answer : Following are the Components of building - 1. Foundation : a) The function of foundation is to transfer the load of the building upto the hard strata which can support it without settling down. 1. b ... small children on terrace.  13. Lintels: a) It supports the portion of wall over the opening.

State any two functions of foundation of a building.

Description : State any two functions of foundation of a building.

Last Answer : The functions of foundation are1) To transfer the load of the structure up to the hard strata. 2) To distribute load of the entire structure over a wide spread area. 3) To increase ... To prevent the lateral movement of supporting material To attain a level and firm bed for building operations.

State the various causes of settlement of structure.

Description : State the various causes of settlement of structure.

Last Answer : 1. Uneven bearing capacity of soil at foundation level 2. Different loads on different parts of foundation 3. Varying ground water table height 4. Compressible foundation soil 5. ... compression, plastic flow or consolidation under static load 10. Undermining of soil below the foundation

State the necessities of painting.

Description : State the necessities of painting.

Last Answer : Necessities of painting :- Necessity of painting it protects the surface from weathering effect of the atmosphere. It prevents decay of wood and corrosion in metal. It gives ... Due to painting cleaning of the surface becomes easy. Painting imparts sanitation and improved illumination.

State the necessity and importance of waterproofing in building construction.

Description : State the necessity and importance of waterproofing in building construction.

Last Answer : Necessity and importance of waterproofing in building construction: 1. It prevents leakage in the structure. 2. It prevents the entry of water into the structure. 3. It keeps the structure dry. ... It prevents the building to become inhabitable and unsafe. 6. It increases the life of building.

Define formwork and state the requirements of a good formwork.

Description : Define formwork and state the requirements of a good formwork.

Last Answer : Formwork: It is a temporary ancillary construction used as a mould for the structure, in which concrete is placed and in which it hardens and matures. Following are the requirements of good formwork:- ... be constructed so tight that it does not allow the cement paste to leak through the joints.

State the necessity of providing (i) Combined column footing and (ii) Raft foundation

Description : State the necessity of providing (i) Combined column footing and (ii) Raft foundation

Last Answer : (i) Combined column footing:- A combined footing provided as a column for two or more columns in a row. Combine footing is also provided when the columns are very near to each other and ... total individual footing area of all columns exceeds 50% of built up area of building at ground floor.

State two necessities of Demolition.

Description : State two necessities of Demolition.

Last Answer : Demolition of building should be done due to following reasons: 1) When the building structure is very old and not desirable to take the load any more then it is very essential to demolish the existing ... is become very weak & unsafe. 3) If any internal alteration or change is to be done.

State any two purposes of Plinth

Description : State any two purposes of Plinth

Last Answer : Purposes of Plinth: 1. To prevent entry of flood water into building. 2. To avoid dust, Insects, Reptiles, etc entries inside the building 3. To facilitate easy drainage of sewage water. 4. To ... wall & transfer load to footing. 6. To prevent from dampness. 7. To support flooring tiles.

State the classification of building as per National Building Code Part III 2005.

Description : State the classification of building as per National Building Code Part III 2005.

Last Answer : Classification of building (as per NBC) 1. Residential Building, 2. Educational Building, 3. Institutional Building, 4. Assembly Building, 5. Business Building, 6. Mercantile Building, 7. Industrial Building, 8. Storage Building 9. Hazardous Building

State any four precautions to be taken while using an Ammeter and Voltmeter.

Description : State any four precautions to be taken while using an Ammeter and Voltmeter. 

Last Answer : Precautions to be taken while using Ammeters: Ammeters are to be connected in series of circuits. 1. While connecting ammeters across emf source always a series resistance should be used. This ... first &then range should be decreased. 4. Loading effect can be minimized by using high sensitivity

State any four precautions to be taken while selecting stations for chain surveying.

Description : State any four precautions to be taken while selecting stations for chain surveying.

Last Answer : Following are the precautions to be taken while selecting station for chain surveying. 1) As far as possible the survey work should be based upon the basic principle of surveying i.e. working from whole to ... level ground. 9) The survey lines should run as far as possible nearer to object.

Raft foundation are generally preferred to when the area required for individual footing, is more than (A) 25% to total area (B) 30% of total area (C) 40% to total area (D) 50% of total area

Description : Raft foundation are generally preferred to when the area required for individual footing, is more than (A) 25% to total area (B) 30% of total area (C) 40% to total area (D) 50% of total area

Last Answer : Option D

Pick up the correct statement from the following: (A) Isolated footing is provided under column to transfer the load safely to soil bed (B) Column footings may have steps or projections in the concrete base (C) Heavily loaded column base must be provided steel reinforcement in both directions (D) All the above

Description : Pick up the correct statement from the following: (A) Isolated footing is provided under column to transfer the load safely to soil bed (B) Column footings may have steps or projections in the ... ) Heavily loaded column base must be provided steel reinforcement in both directions (D) All the above

Last Answer : Option D

The pile provided with one or more bulles in its vertical shaft, is generally known as (A) Under-ream pile (B) Friction pile (C) Bearing pile (D) Sheet pile

Description : The pile provided with one or more bulles in its vertical shaft, is generally known as (A) Under-ream pile (B) Friction pile (C) Bearing pile (D) Sheet pile

Last Answer : Option A

The Auger borings are not common (A) In soils that require lateral support (B) In cohesive soils (C) In soft soils (D) None of the above

Description : The Auger borings are not common (A) In soils that require lateral support (B) In cohesive soils (C) In soft soils (D) None of the above

Last Answer : Option A

Pitched and sloping roofs are suitable for (A) Coastal regions (B) Plain regions (C) Covering large areas (D) All of the above

Description : Pitched and sloping roofs are suitable for (A) Coastal regions (B) Plain regions (C) Covering large areas (D) All of the above

Last Answer : Option A

A wall constructed to resist the pressure of an earth filling, is called (A) Retaining wall (B) Breast wall (C) Buttress (D) Parapet wall

Description : A wall constructed to resist the pressure of an earth filling, is called (A) Retaining wall (B) Breast wall (C) Buttress (D) Parapet wall

Last Answer : Option A

Pick up the correct statement from the following: (A) The pile driven in sand is called sand pile (B) The drilled hole filled with sand is called sand pile (C) The sand piles are used for bearing purposes (D) None of these

Description : Pick up the correct statement from the following: (A) The pile driven in sand is called sand pile (B) The drilled hole filled with sand is called sand pile (C) The sand piles are used for bearing purposes (D) None of these

Last Answer : Option A

The position of a brick when laid on its side 9 cm × 9 cm with its frog in the vertical plane, is called (A) Brick on edge (B) Brick on end (C) Brick on bed (D) Brick held vertically

Description : The position of a brick when laid on its side 9 cm × 9 cm with its frog in the vertical plane, is called (A) Brick on edge (B) Brick on end (C) Brick on bed (D) Brick held vertically

Last Answer : Option B

The foundation which consists of a thick reinforced cement slab covering whole area to support heavy concentrated structural loads, is known as (A) Combined footing (B) Strap footing (C) Raft footing (D) None of these

Description : The foundation which consists of a thick reinforced cement slab covering whole area to support heavy concentrated structural loads, is known as (A) Combined footing (B) Strap footing (C) Raft footing (D) None of these

Last Answer : Option C

The type of pointing in which upper side of mortar joints is kept about 12 mm inside the face of the masonry and bottom is kept flushed with face of wall, is (A) Truck pointing (B) Recessed pointing (C) Struck pointing (D) Grooved pointing

Description : The type of pointing in which upper side of mortar joints is kept about 12 mm inside the face of the masonry and bottom is kept flushed with face of wall, is (A) Truck pointing (B) Recessed pointing (C) Struck pointing (D) Grooved pointing

Last Answer : Option C

Higher pitch of the roof (i) Results in stronger roof (ii) Results in weaker roof (iii) Requires more covering material (iv) Requires less covering material The correct answer is (A) (i) and (iii) (B) (i) and (iv) (C) (ii) and (iii) (D) (ii) and (iv)

Description : Higher pitch of the roof (i) Results in stronger roof (ii) Results in weaker roof (iii) Requires more covering material (iv) Requires less covering material The correct answer is (A) (i) and (iii) (B) (i) and (iv) (C) (ii) and (iii) (D) (ii) and (iv)

Last Answer : Option A

Pick up the correct statement from the following: (A) D.P.C. should be continuous (B) D.P.C. should be of good impervious material (C) D.P.C. may be horizontal or vertical (D) All the above

Description : Pick up the correct statement from the following: (A) D.P.C. should be continuous (B) D.P.C. should be of good impervious material (C) D.P.C. may be horizontal or vertical (D) All the above

Last Answer : Option D

The inclined surface of an abutment to receive the arch, is known as (A) Skew back (B) Soffit (C) Spandril (D) Haunch

Description : The inclined surface of an abutment to receive the arch, is known as (A) Skew back (B) Soffit (C) Spandril (D) Haunch

Last Answer : Option A

Pick up the correct statement from the following: (A) A mortar joint having a concave finishing in brick masonry, is called keyed joint (B) A mortar joint projecting beyond the face of a masonry wall, is called tucked joint (C) A mortar joint having a recess in it, is called ruled joint (D) All the above

Description : Pick up the correct statement from the following: (A) A mortar joint having a concave finishing in brick masonry, is called keyed joint (B) A mortar joint projecting beyond the face of a masonry wall, is ... (C) A mortar joint having a recess in it, is called ruled joint (D) All the above

Last Answer : Option D

The pile which supports the load due to friction between pile face and surrounding soil, is generally known as (A) Bearing pile (B) Friction pile (C) Sheet pile (D) Battered pile

Description : The pile which supports the load due to friction between pile face and surrounding soil, is generally known as (A) Bearing pile (B) Friction pile (C) Sheet pile (D) Battered pile

Last Answer : Option B

The form work from the slabs excluding props, can be removed only after (A) 1 day (B) 4 days (C) 7 days (D) 14 days

Description : The form work from the slabs excluding props, can be removed only after (A) 1 day (B) 4 days (C) 7 days (D) 14 days

Last Answer : Option B

Cast iron piles (A) Are suitable for works under sea water (B) Resist shocks or vibrations (C) Are suitable for use as batter piles (D) Are useful for heavy vertical loads

Description : Cast iron piles (A) Are suitable for works under sea water (B) Resist shocks or vibrations (C) Are suitable for use as batter piles (D) Are useful for heavy vertical loads

Last Answer : Option D

The form work from the slabs excluding props, can be removed only after (A) 1 day (B) 4 days (C) 7 days (D) 14 days

Description : The form work from the slabs excluding props, can be removed only after (A) 1 day (B) 4 days (C) 7 days (D) 14 days

Last Answer : Answer: Option B

Cast iron piles (A) Are suitable for works under sea water (B) Resist shocks or vibrations (C) Are suitable for use as batter piles (D) Are useful for heavy vertical loads

Description : Cast iron piles (A) Are suitable for works under sea water (B) Resist shocks or vibrations (C) Are suitable for use as batter piles (D) Are useful for heavy vertical loads

Last Answer : Answer: Option D

Explain the requirements of good formwork with names and materials proposed for beam of size 300 X 450 mm with neat labeled sketch.

Description : Explain the requirements of good formwork with names and materials proposed for beam of size 300 X 450 mm with neat labeled sketch.  

Last Answer : Requirements of good formwork:- 1. It should be adequately strong to withstand an extensive variety of dead and live loads. For instance, self-weight, weight of reinforcement, weight of wet concrete, loads of ... of concreting. 8. It should be lightweight. 9. It should be easy to remove.

Explain raft foundation with neat sketch and explain its suitability.

Description : Explain raft foundation with neat sketch and explain its suitability. 

Last Answer : Raft Footing: It is suitable where ground is soft. Clayey or marshy having low bearing capacity, and where sub soil water conditions are uncertain. The raft foundation is also used to reduce settlement below highly compressible soils