Description : An immunologically mediated reaction to a drug producing stereotyped symptoms unrelated to its pharmacodynamic actions is: A. Hypersensitivity B. Supersensitivity C. Intolerance D. Idiosyncrasy
Last Answer : A. Hypersensitivity
Description : An undesirable effect of a drug that occurs at therapeutic doses and can be predicted from its pharmacological actions is called: A. Side effect B. Toxic effect C. Allergic reaction D. Idiosyncrasy
Last Answer : A. Side effect
Description : Which of the following is a type B (unpredictable) adverse drug reaction: A. Side effect B. Toxic effect C. Idiosyncrasy D. Physical dependence
Last Answer : C. Idiosyncrasy
Description : In an anaesthetized dog, repeated intravenous injection of ephedrine shows the phenomenon of: A. Anaphylaxis B. Tachyphylaxis C. Idiosyncrasy D. Drug resistance
Last Answer : B. Tachyphylaxis
Description : If the dose-response curves of a drug for producing different actions are widely separated on the dose axis, the drug is: A. Highly potent B. Highly efficacious C. Highly toxic D. Highly selective
Last Answer : D. Highly selective
Description : Intradermal drug sensitivity tests can detect the presence of following type of hypersensitivity: A. Type I (anaphylactic) B. Type II (cytolytic) C. Type III (retarded) D. All of the above
Last Answer : A. Type I (anaphylactic)
Description : Which adverse drug effect is more common in children than in adults: A. Isoniazid induced neuropathy B. Chlorpromazine induced muscle dystonia C. Digoxin induced cardiac arrhythmia D. Penicillin hypersensitivity
Last Answer : B. Chlorpromazine induced muscle dystonia
Description : When therapeutic effects decline both below and above a narrow range of doses, a drug is said to exhibit: A. Ceiling effect B. Desensitization C. Therapeutic window phenomenon D. Nonreceptor mediated action
Last Answer : C. Therapeutic window phenomenon
Description : Microsomal enzyme induction can be a cause of: A. Tolerance B. Physical dependence C. Psychological dependence D. Idiosyncrasy
Last Answer : A. Tolerance
Description : A drug ‘R’ producing no response by itself causes the log dose-response curve of another drug ‘S’ to shift to the right in a parallel manner without decreasing the maximal response: Drug ‘R’ is a: A. Partial agonist B. Inverse agonist C. Competitive antagonist D. Noncompetitive antagonist
Last Answer : C. Competitive antagonist
Description : A drug which produces qualitatively different actions when administered through different routes is: A. Phenytoin sodium B. Hydralazine C. Magnesium sulfate D. Nitroglycerine
Last Answer : C. Magnesium sulfate
Description : Beta adrenergic blockers lower intraocular tension by: A. Down regulating adenylyl cyclase in ciliary body through reduced activation of β2 adrenoceptors B. Constricting ciliary blood vessels ... action on trabecular meshwork D. Reducing aqueous formation unrelated to beta adrenoceptor mediation
Last Answer : A. Down regulating adenylyl cyclase in ciliary body through reduced activation of β2 adrenoceptors
Description : The type II, type III and type IV hypersensitivity reactions can be suppressed by: A. Adrenaline B. Antihistaminics C. Corticosteroids D. Sod. cromoglycate
Last Answer : C. Corticosteroids
Description : All of the following subserve as intracellular second messengers in receptor mediated signal transduction except: A. Cyclic AMP B. Inositol trisphosphate C. Diacyl glycerols D. G proteins
Last Answer : D. G proteins
Description : The following are true about cell-mediated immunity: a. antigen-specific function is the role of the T-lymphocytes b. cell-mediated immunity can activate the complement system c. it is ... the delayed hypersensitivity reaction. d. Gamma interferon is an important mediator of B-cell activation.
Last Answer : cell-mediated immunity can activate the complement system
Description : In which of the following cell mediated immunity (CMI) participates? A.Delayed hypersensitivity reaction B.Graft versus host reaction C.Allograft rejection D.All of the above
Last Answer : D.All of the above
Last Answer : .All of the above
Description : The following allergic drug reaction is caused by circulating antibodies: A. Serum sickness B. Anaphylactic shock C. Systemic lupus erythematosus D. Angioedema
Last Answer : A. Serum sickness
Description : Which of the following is an idiosyncratic adverse drug reaction: A. Muscle dystonia caused by triflupromazine B. Insomnia after taking pentobarbitone C. Precipitation of asthma by morphine D. Gum hyperplasia caused by phenytoin
Last Answer : B. Insomnia after taking pentobarbitone
Description : The following drug metabolizing reaction is entirely nonmicrosomal: A. Glucuronide conjugation B. Acetylation C. Oxidation D. Reduction
Last Answer : B. Acetylation
Description : Acetylcholine has no therapeutic application because: A. None of its actions are beneficial in any condition B. Its effects are transient C. It produces wide spread actions affecting many organs D. Both ‘B’ and ‘C’ are correct
Last Answer : D. Both ‘B’ and ‘C’ are correct
Description : Drugs producing allergic reactions generally act as: A. Complete antigens B. Haptenes C. Antibodies D. Mediators
Last Answer : B. Haptenes
Description : Actions of pilocarpine include the following except: A. Sweating B. Salivation C. Miosis D. Cycloplegia
Last Answer : D. Cycloplegia
Description : ________________ causes pharmacodynamic drug interaction. a) Gastric motility changes. b) Stimulation of metabolism. c) Alteration of pH of GIT. d)Interactions at receptor site.
Last Answer : d)Interactions at receptor site.
Description : Which of the following terms does not describe an Adverse Drug Reaction? a) Idiosyncrasy b) Anaphylaxis c) Teratogenic effect d) Placebo effect
Last Answer : d) Placebo effect
Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the neuroendocrine responses to shock? a. Sympathetic nerve endings release epinephrine which is responsible for greater than 80% ... injury and sepsis d. The renin-angiotensin axis further augments the sympathetic-mediated vasoconstriction
Last Answer : Answer: c, d The neuroendocrine response to shock attempts to achieve restoration of effective blood volume, mobilization of metabolic substrates, and maintenance of central ... . Angiotensin II is an extremely effective vasoconstrictor that further augments sympathetic-mediated vasoconstriction
Description : Answer: b, c, d Eosinophils constitute 1% to 3% of the leukocyte population of the bloodstream. They also reside in tissues and they exhibit phagocytic capabilities. They are less ... the cycle of events that result in recruitment and activation of inflammatory cells at sites of inflammation
Last Answer : Cellular injury from oxidants may be manifest by which of the following? a. Cell membrane lipid peroxidation b. DNA strand breaks c. Cytoskeletal disassembly d. ATP depletion
Description : Allergy is immediate hypersensitivity mediated by _____and mast cell degranulation a) IgG b) IgE c) IgM d) IgA e) IgD
Last Answer : Ans: B
Description : The therapeutic index of a drug is a measure of its: A. Safety B. Potency C. Efficacy D. Dose variability
Last Answer : A. Safety
Description : The following statement is not true of potency' of a drug: A. Refers to the dose of the drug needed to produce a certain degree of response B. Can be related to that of its congeners by ... consideration in the choice of a drug D. It reflects the capacity of the drug to produce a drastic response
Last Answer : D. It reflects the capacity of the drug to produce a drastic response
Description : The loading dose of a drug is governed by its: A. Renal clearance B. Plasma half life C. Volume of distribution D. Elimination rate constant
Last Answer : C. Volume of distribution
Description : Glomerular filtration of a drug is affected by its: A. Lipid solubility B. Plasma protein binding C. Degree of ionization D. Rate of tubular secretion
Last Answer : B. Plasma protein binding
Description : The following attribute of a drug tends to reduce its volume of distribution: A. High lipid solubility B. Low ionisation at physiological pH values C. High plasma protein binding D. High tissue binding
Last Answer : C. High plasma protein binding
Description : If the total amount of a drug present in the body at a given moment is 2.0 g and its plasma concentration is 25 μg/ml, its volume of distribution is: A. 100 L B. 80 L C. 60 L D. 50 L
Last Answer : B. 80 L
Description : A nonvolatile, highly lipid soluble drug is metabolized at a rate of 15% per hour. On intravenous injection it produces general anaesthesia for 10 min. Which process is responsible for termination of ... : A. Metabolism in liver B. Plasma protein binding C. Excretion by kidney D. Redistribution
Last Answer : D. Redistribution
Description : 2 If the total amount of a drug present in the body at a given moment is 2.0 g and its plasma concentration is 25 μg/ml, its volume of distribution is: A. 100 L B. 80 L C. 60 L D. 50 L
Description : The anticholinesterase action of edrophonium is short lasting because termination of its action depends on: A. Dissociation and diffusion of the drug from the enzyme B. Hydrolysis of the drug by the enzyme C. Synthesis of fresh enzyme molecules D. A combination of the above three processes
Last Answer : A. Dissociation and diffusion of the drug from the enzyme
Description : If a drug has a constant bioavailability and first order elimination, its maintenance dose rate will be directly proportional to its: A. Volume of distribution B. Plasma protein binding C. Lipid solubility D. Total body clearance
Last Answer : D. Total body clearanc
Description : If a drug is eliminated by first order kinetics: A. A constant amount of the drug will be eliminated per unit time B. Its clearance value will remain constant C. Its elimination half life will increase with dose D. It will be completely eliminated from the body in 2 × half life period
Last Answer : B. Its clearance value will remain constant