Description : Intradermal drug sensitivity tests can detect the presence of following type of hypersensitivity: A. Type I (anaphylactic) B. Type II (cytolytic) C. Type III (retarded) D. All of the above
Last Answer : A. Type I (anaphylactic)
Description : An intradermal penicillin sensitivity test has been performed on a patient and found to be negative. This indicates that: A. Penicillin antibodies are not present in his body B. He will ... He is unlikely to develop immediate type of hypersensitivity reaction when full dose of penicillin is injected
Last Answer : D. He is unlikely to develop immediate type of hypersensitivity reaction when full dose of penicillin is injected
Description : The type II, type III and type IV hypersensitivity reactions can be suppressed by: A. Adrenaline B. Antihistaminics C. Corticosteroids D. Sod. cromoglycate
Last Answer : C. Corticosteroids
Description : The following allergic drug reaction is caused by circulating antibodies: A. Serum sickness B. Anaphylactic shock C. Systemic lupus erythematosus D. Angioedema
Last Answer : A. Serum sickness
Description : Which adverse drug effect is more common in children than in adults: A. Isoniazid induced neuropathy B. Chlorpromazine induced muscle dystonia C. Digoxin induced cardiac arrhythmia D. Penicillin hypersensitivity
Last Answer : B. Chlorpromazine induced muscle dystonia
Description : An immunologically mediated reaction to a drug producing stereotyped symptoms unrelated to its pharmacodynamic actions is: A. Hypersensitivity B. Supersensitivity C. Intolerance D. Idiosyncrasy
Last Answer : A. Hypersensitivity
Description : The most appropriate route of administration for adrenaline in a case of anaphylactic shock is: A. Intracardiac B. Intravenous C. Intramuscular D. Subcutaneous
Last Answer : A. Intracardiac
Description : Which of the following is the only life saving measure in case of anaphylactic shock: A. Intravenous hydrocortisone hemisuccinate B. Intravenous chlorpheniramine maleate C. Intramuscular adrenaline hydrochloride D. Intravenous glucose-saline
Last Answer : C. Intramuscular adrenaline hydrochloride
Description : Compared to subcutaneous injection, the intramuscular injection of drugs: A. Is more painful B. Produces faster response C. Is unsuitable for depot preparations D. Carries greater risk of anaphylactic reaction
Last Answer : B. Produces faster response
Description : The nurse anticipates that the immunosuppressed patient is at greatest risk for which type of shock? a) Septic Septic shock is associated with immunosuppression, extremes of age, ... disease of the heart. d) Anaphylactic Anaphylactic shock is associated with hypersensitivity reactions.
Last Answer : a) Septic Septic shock is associated with immunosuppression, extremes of age, malnourishment, chronic illness, and invasive procedures.
Description : Intradermal test for penicillin sensitivity should be performed by injecting the following quantity of sodium benzyl penicillin: A. 10 U B. 100 U C. 1000 U D. 5000 U
Last Answer : A. 10 U
Description : In patients of hepatic cirrhosis: A. The extent of change in pharmacokinetics of drugs can be predicted from the values of liver function tests B. High doses of furosemide can be safely used C. Metformin is the preferred oral hypoglycaemic D. Disposition of atenolol is not significantly affected
Last Answer : D. Disposition of atenolol is not significantly affected
Description : Which of the following is a type B (unpredictable) adverse drug reaction: A. Side effect B. Toxic effect C. Idiosyncrasy D. Physical dependence
Last Answer : A. Side effect
Last Answer : C. Idiosyncrasy
Description : Sustained/controlled release oral dosage form is appropriate for the following type of drug: A. An antiarthritic with a plasma half life of 24 hr B. A sleep inducing hypnotic with a plasma half life of ... 3 hours D. An analgesic with a plasma half life of 6 hours used for relief of casual headache
Last Answer : Microsomal enzyme induction has one of the following features: A. Takes about one week to develop B. Results in increased affinity of the enzyme for the substrate C. It is irreversible D. Can be used to treat acute drug poisonings
Description : Reflex bronchoconstriction is most likely to occur with the following form of inhaled antiasthma medication: A. Metered dose spray of drug in solution B. Dry powder rotacap C. Nebuliser D. Nebuliser with spacer
Last Answer : B. Dry powder rotacap
Description : Select the drug which has been found to be a strong human teratogen: A. Isoniazid B. Isotretinoin C. Hydralazine D. Propylthiouracil
Last Answer : B. Isotretinoin
Description : Adverse consequences may follow sudden discontinuation of the following drug after chronic intake: A. Cocaine B. Cannabis C. Clonidine D. All of the above
Last Answer : C. Clonidine
Description : An addicting drug which produces little or no physical dependence is: A. Diazepam B. Phenobarbitone C. Amphetamine D. Methadone
Last Answer : C. Amphetamine
Description : The following statement is true in relation to drug toxicity' and poisoning': A. The two terms are synonymous B. When a toxic effect requires specific treatment, it is called poisoning C. ... is called poisoning D. Toxicity is caused by drugs while poisoning is caused by other harmful chemicals
Last Answer : C. A toxic effect which endangers life by markedly affecting vital functions is called poisoning
Description : A ‘toxic effect’ differs from a ‘side effect’ in that: A. It is not a pharmacological effect of the drug B. It is a more intense pharmacological effect that occurs at high dose or after prolonged medication C. It must involve drug induced cellular injury D. It involves host defence mechanisms
Last Answer : B. It is a more intense pharmacological effect that occurs at high dose or after prolonged medication
Description : The side effect of a drug which has been used as a therapeutic effect in another condition is: A. Constipation caused by codeine B. Cough caused by captopril C. Uterine stimulation caused by quinine D. Diarrhoea caused by ampicillin
Last Answer : A. Constipation caused by codeine
Description : An undesirable effect of a drug that occurs at therapeutic doses and can be predicted from its pharmacological actions is called: A. Side effect B. Toxic effect C. Allergic reaction D. Idiosyncrasy
Description : In patients with renal insufficiency the clearance of the following drug is reduced parallel to the reduction in creatinine clearance: A. Propranolol B. Digoxin C. Lignocaine D. Verapamil
Last Answer : B. Digoxin
Description : The following drug adverse effect is specially noted in men compared to women: A. Tardive dyskinesia due to neuroleptics B. Levodopa induced abnormal movements C. Ampicillin induced loose motions D. Ketoconazole induced loss of libido
Last Answer : D. Ketoconazole induced loss of libido
Description : The pharmacokinetics of drugs in the neonate differs from that in adults, because their: A. Intestinal transit is fast B. Drug metabolizing enzymes are overactive C. Tubular transport mechanisms are not well developed D. Glomerular filtration rate is high
Last Answer : C. Tubular transport mechanisms are not well developed
Description : Interindividual variations in equieffective doses of a drug are most marked if it is disposed by: A. Glomerular filtration B. Tubular secretion C. Both glomerular filtration and tubular secretion D. Hepatic metabolism
Last Answer : D. Hepatic metabolism
Description : A drug which does not produce any action by itself but decreases the slope of the log dose-response curve and suppresses the maximal response to another drug is a: A. Physiological antagonist B. Competitive antagonist C. Noncompetitive antagonist D. Partial agonist
Last Answer : C. Noncompetitive antagonist
Description : A drug ‘R’ producing no response by itself causes the log dose-response curve of another drug ‘S’ to shift to the right in a parallel manner without decreasing the maximal response: Drug ‘R’ is a: A. Partial agonist B. Inverse agonist C. Competitive antagonist D. Noncompetitive antagonist
Last Answer : C. Competitive antagonist
Description : Compared to the drug named within parenthesis, which of the following drugs has a higher potency but lower efficacy: A. Pethidine (morphine) B. Furosemide (hydrochlorothiazide) C. Diazepam (pentobarbitone) D. Enalapril (captopril)
Last Answer : C. Diazepam (pentobarbitone)
Description : The therapeutic index of a drug is a measure of its: A. Safety B. Potency C. Efficacy D. Dose variability
Last Answer : A. Safety
Description : If the dose-response curves of a drug for producing different actions are widely separated on the dose axis, the drug is: A. Highly potent B. Highly efficacious C. Highly toxic D. Highly selective
Last Answer : D. Highly selective
Description : Higher efficacy of a drug necessarily confers: A. Greater safety B. Therapeutic superiority C. Capacity to produce more intense response D. Cost saving
Last Answer : C. Capacity to produce more intense response
Description : Which of the following is always true: A. A more potent drug is more efficacious B. A more potent drug is safer C. A more potent drug is clinically superior D. A more potent drug can produce the same response at lower doses
Last Answer : D. A more potent drug can produce the same response at lower doses
Description : ‘Drug efficacy’ refers to: A. The range of diseases in which the drug is beneficial B. The maximal intensity of response that can be produced by the drug C. The dose of the drug needed to produce half maximal effect D. The dose of the drug needed to produce therapeutic effect
Last Answer : B. The maximal intensity of response that can be produced by the drug
Description : The following statement is not true of potency' of a drug: A. Refers to the dose of the drug needed to produce a certain degree of response B. Can be related to that of its congeners by ... consideration in the choice of a drug D. It reflects the capacity of the drug to produce a drastic response
Last Answer : D. It reflects the capacity of the drug to produce a drastic response
Description : Study of drug-receptor interaction has now shown that: A. Maximal response occurs only when all receptors are occupied by the drug B. Drugs exert an all or none' action on a ... lock and key' structural features D. Properties of affinity' and intrinsic activity' are independently variable
Last Answer : D. Properties of ‘affinity’ and ‘intrinsic activity’ are independently variable
Description : What is true in relation to drug receptors: A. All drugs act through specific receptors B. All drug receptors are located on the surface of the target cells C. Agonists induce a conformational change in the receptor D. Partial agonists have low affinity for the receptor
Last Answer : C. Agonists induce a conformational change in the receptoR
Description : The loading dose of a drug is governed by its: A. Renal clearance B. Plasma half life C. Volume of distribution D. Elimination rate constant
Last Answer : C. Volume of distribution
Description : When the same dose of a drug is repeated at half life intervals, the steady-state (plateau) plasma drug concentration is reached after: A. 2–3 half lives B. 4–5 half lives C. 6–7 half lives D. 8–10 half lives
Last Answer : B. 4–5 half lives
Description : If the clearance of a drug remains constant, doubling the dose rate will increase the steady-state plasma drug concentration by a factor of: A. × 3 B. × 2 C. × 1.5 D. × 1.3
Last Answer : B. × 2
Description : Glomerular filtration of a drug is affected by its: A. Lipid solubility B. Plasma protein binding C. Degree of ionization D. Rate of tubular secretion
Last Answer : B. Plasma protein binding
Description : Select the drug that undergoes extensive first-pass metabolism in the liver: A. Phenobarbitone B. Propranolol C. Phenylbutazone D. Theophylline
Last Answer : B. Propranolol
Description : Induction of drug metabolizing enzymes involves: A. A conformational change in the enzyme protein to favour binding of substrate molecules B. Expression of enzyme molecules on the surface of ... C. Enhanced transport of substrate molecules into hepatocytes D. Increased synthesis of enzyme protein
Last Answer : D. Increased synthesis of enzyme protein
Description : Which of the following types of drug metabolizing enzymes are inducible: A. Microsomal enzymes B. Nonmicrosomal enzymes C. Both microsomal and nonmicrosomal enzymes D. Mitochondrial enzymes
Last Answer : A. Microsomal enzymes