(i) Through silk route in the 11th century, Chinese paper reached Europe from China. Paper made possible the production of manuscripts which were, carefully written by scribes. (ii) In 1295 Marco polo, a great explorer, returned to Italy after many years of exploration in China. He brought the knowledge of wood block printing from China and the Italians began producing books with wood blocks and soon the technology spread to the other parts of Europe. (iii) Religious preachers such as the Buddhists were also helpful in spreading this knowledge from China to Europe.