answer:We had fleas last summer and I was really against spreading pesticide throughout the house. We also have no carpet except for a few rugs, we have one cat, and try to be fairly clean. So we treated the cat with Frontline, did laundry every night, vacuumed the bed, couch, and the few rugs we have every other day and then washed all the blankets and sheets once a week. It was a lot of work but we did that for three weeks and still had fleas, so we bombed the house and that kept them away for a while, but they were back within a month. It really bothered my wife (for some reason, I’m not as tasty) so I called an exterminator. I tried to find a “natural” one and they came out to walk through the house and make recommendations. It’s still poison, but they use pyrethrin which is plant based and at least made me feel a little better about the whole thing. They did an initial treatment in the house, and come back every two months to spray outside but don’t come inside unless it’s needed for some reason. We haven’t seen fleas since then. The initial treatment was ~$150, it’s ~$80 every two month after that. As a happy bonus, we don’t have ants in the yard any more. Our house is older, and built with a pier and beam foundation that leaves a good amount of space under the house. I think a lot of our efforts were wasted because there were always areas under the house that we couldn’t clean and weren’t affected by the bombs. If you have a solid foundation it may be easier.