Potentially. Another important factor is, how ex-inmates are treated once released, and how much opportunity society gives them to reintegrate, find employment, etc. Introducing such a rehabilitative prison system might only have a marginal impact if released inmates are immediately pushed at the edge of society upon release. But of course, we all know that system would never be implemented. In the american psyche, prison must be about punishment, retaliation and vengeance, not rehabilitation.