Which of the following is a cause of a secondary
immunodeficiency?
a. X-linked inheritance
b. Deficiencies in the complement system
c. Viral infection resembling self-cells
d. All the above are correct

1 Answer

Answer :

c. Viral infection resembling self-cells

Related questions

Description : Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (or PMNs) A- can be attracted to the site of an infection following activation of complement B- are derived from bone marrow stem cells C- are a type of phagocyte that can engulf and kill bacteria D- .all of the above

Last Answer : .all of the above

Description : The following statement(s) is/are true concerning newer detection methods of systemic infection. a. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is a rapid immunologic assay used for ... detected using advanced molecular techniques include cytomegalovirus (CMV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Last Answer : Answer: a, b, c, d Although the classic detection of infection based on clinical signs of infection and bacterial culture remain the most common clinical tools, increasing ... including CMV and HIV. Furthermore, preliminary investigations into possible detection of fungal pathogens are underway

Description : Which one of the following statements about interferon is FALSE? a. Interferon is produced in response to a viral infection. b. Interferon is a naturally produced protein. c. Interferon puts uninfected cells in an antiviral state. d. Interferon is a protein that binds to RNA virus genomes.

Last Answer : d. Interferon is a protein that binds to RNA virus genomes.

Description : Tissue tropism refers to a. what tissues grow due to a viral infection. b. what tissues are resistant to viral infection. c. what organisms a virus infects. d. what cells or tissues a virus infects.

Last Answer : d. what cells or tissues a virus infects.

Description : A microarray can be used to _____. a. identify if a patient has been infected by a pathogen b. produce human insulin c. insert a viral gene into a plant to prevent viral infection d. A-C are correct

Last Answer : a. identify if a patient has been infected by a pathogen

Description : Severe combined immunodeficiency disease refers to a condition wherein a patient a. Cannot produce T and B cells. b. Interferon. c. Antigen-presenting cells. d. Hydrogen peroxide in phagocytes

Last Answer : a. Cannot produce T and B cells.

Description : What immunodeficiency disorder is associated with a tack of T and B cells and complete immune dysfunction? a. DiGeorge syndrome b. Severe combined immunodeficiency disease c. Chronic granulomatous disease d. Chédiak-Higashi syndrome

Last Answer : b. Severe combined immunodeficiency disease

Description : A healthy person can be diagnosed as having a infection with the multiplication of bacterial cells in the blood. a. Primary; bacteremia b. Primary; vermeil c. Primary; septicemia d. Secondary; parasitemia

Last Answer : c. Primary; septicemia

Description : A plaque is a a. Change In Cell Structure Due To Viral Infection. b. Viral Cell Inclusion. c. Clear Zone Within A Lawn Of Bacteria. d. Cellular Aggregation Of Phage Heads.

Last Answer : c. Clear Zone Within A Lawn Of Bacteria.

Description : Swimmer‘s ear is a common name for a infection of the_________ ear. a. Bacterial; Outer b. Viral; Outer c. Bacterial; Middle d. Viral; Inner

Last Answer : a. Bacterial; Outer

Description : Acute diarrhoeal disease resembling cholera can be caused due to A.Aeromonashydrophila B.Vibriovulnificus C.V. alginolyticus D.All of these

Last Answer : A.Aeromonashydrophila

Description : In an ELISA, the primary antibody represents a. The patient‘s serum. b. The antibody recognizing the secondary antibody. c. The enzyme-linked (labeled) antibody. d. The antibodies having been washed away.

Last Answer : b. The antibody recognizing the secondary antibody.

Description : Diagnostic DNA probes have been developed for A- Mycobacterium tuberculosis B- Hepatitis B virus C- Human immunodeficiency virus D- all of the above

Last Answer : - all of the above

Description : What serologicaL test requires sheep red blood cells and a preparation of antibodies that recognizes the sheep red blood ceLls? a. ELISA b. Radioimmunoassay c. Immunodiffusion d. Complement fixation test

Last Answer : d. Complement fixation test

Description : The formation of _____ by_____ directly lyses and kills pathogens. a. Membrane Attack Complexes, complement b. Inflammation, lymph nodes c. antibodies, plasma cells d. Plasma cells, B cells

Last Answer : a. Membrane Attack Complexes, complement

Description : Acquired immunity consists of humoral immunity maintained by _____ and _____, and cell-mediated immunity controlled by _____ a. T cells, complement, B cells b. T cells, Interleukin, B cells c. B cells, antibodies, T cells d. B cells, histamine, T cells

Last Answer : c. B cells, antibodies, T cells

Description : ____ becomes activated to eliminate "nonself" cells, such as virus- infected cells or cancer cells. a. Humoral immune response b. Cell-mediated immune response c. Complement d. Inflammation

Last Answer : b. Cell-mediated immune response

Description : The unique sets of proteins that present antigens on the surfaces of body cells are a. MHC proteins. b. Cytokines. c. Complement proteins. d. Immunoglobulins.

Last Answer : b. Cytokines.

Description : ________ bind to_________ on microbial invaders. a. Toll-like receptors; PAM Ps b. Mast cells; histamine c. Toll-like receptors; complement d. Macrophages; defensins

Last Answer : a. Toll-like receptors; PAM Ps

Description : Topical steroids are contraindicated in a case of viral corneal ulcer for fear of: a. Secondary glaucoma b. Cortical cataract. c. Corneal perforation d. Secondary viral infection. 

Last Answer : ANSWER: C 

Description : Virus infected cells produce a set of cytokine proteins called _____ that "alert" surrounding cells to the viral threat. a. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) b. Interferon. c. Toll Like Receptors (TLR) d. Acute Phase Proteins

Last Answer : b. Interferon.

Description : Attenuated viruses are those that _____. a. can be used to treat viral disease. b. give rise to viroids and prions. c. multiply in cells but at a low rate. d. have been treated with chemicals such as formaldehyde.

Last Answer : c. multiply in cells but at a low rate.

Description : A viral load test detects the A- provirus of HIV in infected cells B- .total amount of virus in the infected host C- number of viruses being released by each infected cell D- .amount of bacteriophage being produced by E. coli cells

Last Answer : provirus of HIV in infected cells

Description : AIDS is caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) The transmission of HIV infection generally occurs through. (a) eating contaminated food and water (b) transfusion of contaminated blood and blood products (c) inhaling polluted air (d) shaking hand with infected person

Last Answer : Ans:(b)

Description : The oncogene theory states that transforming genes a. Normally Occur In The Host Genome. b. Can Exist In Viruses. c. Are Not Of Viral Origin. d. All Of The Above (A—C) Are Correct.

Last Answer : d. All Of The Above (A—C) Are Correct

Description : : DiGeorge syndrome and X-linked (Bruton) agammaglobulinemia differ in the a. Type of antibody produced by the immune system. b. Lymphocytes that the body fails to produce. c. Systems affected by the respective diseases. d. Type of hypersensitivity that ensues

Last Answer : c. Systems affected by the respective diseases.

Description : Immunological tolerance to ―self‖ is established by a. Destruction of self-reactive lymphoid cells. b. Clonal anergy. c. Clonal deletion. d. All the above (A—C) are correct.

Last Answer : d. All the above (A—C) are correct.

Description : The stomach is a chemical barrier to infection because the stomach a. Contains bile. b. Harbors helicobacterpylori, a member of the host microbiota. c. Possesses defensive cells. d. Has an acid ph.

Last Answer : d. Has an acid ph.

Description : Mononucleosis is an infection of________ cells by the _____. a. T; cytomegalovirus b. B; Epstein-Barr virus c. Lung; cytomegalovirus d. red blood; Epstein.Barr virus

Last Answer : d. red blood; Epstein.Barr virus

Description : The first step in infection of a host bacterial cells by a phage is A- adsorption B- absorption C- penetration D- replication

Last Answer : adsorption

Description : At which stage of HIV infection does one usually show symptoms of AIDS? (a) Within 15 days of sexual contact with an infected person (b) When the infected retro virus enters host cells (c) ... large number of helper T  - lymphocytes (d) When the viral DNA is produced by reverse transcriptase

Last Answer : (c) When HIV damages large number of helper T  - lymphocytes

Description : The most common cause of an invasive wound infection, such as a burn, is a. gram-positive bacterial species. b. treponema pallidum. c. Pseudomonas aeruginosa. d. Escherichia coli.

Last Answer : c. Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Description : The most common cause of acute encephalitis in the United States is a) Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV). Viral infection is the most common cause of encephalitis. HSV is the most common ... may cause fungal encephalitis. Fungal infections of the central nervous system occur rarely in healthy people.

Last Answer : a) Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV). Viral infection is the most common cause of encephalitis. HSV is the most common cause of acute encephalitis in the U.S.

Description : Antibody diversity results from a. Apoptosis. b. Antigenic shift. c. Somatic recombination. d. Complement binding.

Last Answer : c. Somatic recombination.

Description : Which one of the following is NOT a function of complement? a. Stimulation of inflammation b. Stimulation of antibody formation c. Formation of membrane attack complexes d. Heightened level of phagocytosis

Last Answer : b. Stimulation of antibody formation

Description : Which one of the following is not a viral disease of the nervous system? a. West Nile fever b. Hantavirus c. Polio d. Rabies

Last Answer : c. Polio

Description : What type of inheritance pattern (are the A and B alleles to each other (Autosomal dominant-Regular dominant-recessive relationship, X linked, co-dominant, incomplete dominant)?

Last Answer : Incomplete dominance

Description : All the following statements about primary gout are true except (A) Its inheritance is X-linked recessive (B) It can be due to increased activity of PRPP synthetase (C) It can be ... activity of hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (D) De novo synthesis of purines is increased in it

Last Answer : Answer : C

Description : Inheritance of primary gout is (A) Autosomal recessive (B) Autosomal dominant (C) X-linked recessive (D) X-linked dominant

Last Answer : Answer : C

Description : Which of the following suggests a diagnosis of Hurler's Syndrome rather than Hunter's Syndrome? 1) X-linked inheritance 2) Mental retardation 3) Skeletal abnormalities 4) Cloudy cornea 5) Cardiomyopathy

Last Answer : Answers-4 Hunter's Syndrome (MPS-2) is of X-linked inheritance. The cornea are clear. The skeletal involvement tends to be mild with no gibbous present, though scoliosis is ... and gibbous deformation of the spine is characteristic. There is the characteristic coarse facies with hepatosplenomegaly.

Description : Which type of Mendelian inherited condition results in both genders being affected equally in a vertical pattern? a) Automosomal dominant inheritance An individual who has an autosomal dominant ... that combine during early embryonic development leading to incomplete closure of the neural tube.

Last Answer : a) Automosomal dominant inheritance An individual who has an autosomal dominant inherited condition carries a gene mutation for that condition on one chromosome of a pair.

Description : Gastroenteritis can result in a. an intestinal inflammation. b. an infection. c. an intoxication d. All the above (A—C) are correct.

Last Answer : d. All the above (A—C) are correct.

Description : Acute bacterial meningitis can begin with ____ that develops into a blood infection that then invades the meninges. a. N. meningitidis b. S. pneumoniae c. H. influenzae d. A-C are correct

Last Answer : d. A-C are correct

Description : A DNA probe and PCR are being used to identify _____. a. HIV infection b. HPV in PAP smears c. coli in water quality tests d. A-C are correct

Last Answer : d. A-C are correct

Description : Booster immunizations are used to raise the antibody level by stimulating the _____ cells to induce the secondary antibody response. a. helper T b. B c. memory d. plasma

Last Answer : c. memory

Description : Antibiotics will not work against _____ diseases because they lack the structures and metabolic machinery with which antibiotics interfere. a. viral b. bacterial c. fungal d. protozoan

Last Answer : a. viral

Description : The imidazole drugs are of value for treating a. Viral diseases. b. Protozoal diseases and bacterial diseases. c. Bacterial diseases. d. Fungal diseases.

Last Answer : d. Fungal diseases

Description : Antiviral drugs that are base analogs inhibit a. Viral Entry. b. Genome Replication. c. Uncoating. d. Naturation.

Last Answer : b. Genome Replication.

Description : ALL the following are immunogenic except: a. Bacterial Flagella. b. Haptens. c. Bacterial Pili. d. Viral Spikes.

Last Answer : d. Viral Spikes.