State advantages of CNC system. What are G codes and M codes.

1 Answer

Answer :

Advantages:

*An increase in flexibility.

*An improvement in the possibilities for correcting errors in part programming.

*The possibility of using the computers peripheral equipment.

*Tape and tape reads are used only once for resulting improved reliability.

*CNC is more compatible.

*CNC can accommodate the conversion of tapes prepared in units of inches to the International unit system.

G code and M code

G code: Address for preparatory commands:

G commands often tell the control what kind of motion is wanted (e.g., rapid

Positioning, linear feed, circular feed, fixed cycle) or what offset value to use.

M code: Miscellaneous function: Action code, auxiliary command; descriptions vary.

Many M-codes call for machine functions, which is why people often say that the "M"

stands for "machine", although it was not intended to.

Related questions

Description : List advantages and disadvantages of CNC based drilling machine.

Last Answer : Advantages : Reduce the making/production cost Increases the productivity CNC improves the production Low skill operator is required High accuracy and repeatability Complex machining operations are also ... Its replacement is difficult, that it is difficult to change old system to new system

Description : Draw block diagram of practical ABS system. State its advantages.

Last Answer : Advantages: Anti-lock braking system (ABS) guarantees stable braking characteristics on all road surfaces, hence avoids overturning of the vehicle. ABS reduces friction on wheels and road, thus increases the ... effectively, then an experienced driver on the non ABS vehicle. Diagram : 

Description : List advantages and disadvantages of MEMS.

Last Answer : Advantages : 1. Batch fabrication and hence reduced cost. 2. Reduced size and reduced power ( due to pin size and reduced package volume) 3. High precision and resolution. 4. Reduced ... cannot be loaded with large forces because brittle materials can be fractured easily under high stress.  

Description : List advantages and applications of PLC.

Last Answer : The advantages of PLC are as follows: 1. Flexible in Nature: One model of PLC can be used for different operations as per requirement. 2. Easy to install and troubleshooting: In hard ... 1.Continuous bottle filling system 2.Batch mixing system 3.stage air conditioning system 4.Traffic control 

Description : State advantages of CNC over NC.

Last Answer : Advantages of CNC over NC 1. Complex machining operations can be easily done. 2. It requires less inspection. 3. It reduces scrap & waste. 4. It gives high production rate. 5. ... is available in CNC lathe which gives idea about job. This feature is not available in conventional machine 

Description : State the various advantages and limitations of CNC machine. 

Last Answer : Advantages of CNC Machines:-  [1] Greater machine utilization. [2] Complex machining operations can be easily done. [3] It gives high degree of accuracy. [4] It requires less inspection. [5] ... tooling cost. 6) Temperature, humidity & dust must be affect machining. 7) Initial cost is high. 

Description : State four advantages of CNC machines over conventional machines.

Last Answer : Advantages of CNC machines over conventional machines: 1) Greater machine utilization. 2) Complex machining operations can be easily done. 3) It gives high degree of accuracy. 4) It requires less ... is reduced. 15) Elimination of special jigs and fixtures. 16) Accurate costing & scheduling. 

Description : State the function of „G‟ Codes and „M‟ codes with any two examples.

Last Answer : G Codes ( Preparatory Functions) The preparatory function instructs the machine tool to get prepared for the operation to follow, the preparatory function is represented by two digits preceded by letter G e.g. ... . i) M02 - Program end ii) M06 - Tool change iii) M08 - Coolant ON

Description : Write meaning of following G and M codes

Last Answer : Ans:  1. G02 : Circular interpolation clockwise  2. M30: Program end , reset to start

Description : Draw block diagram of pneumatic system showing its basic components. State the functions of control value and air actuator.

Last Answer : Diagram : Control valve: - control and regulates the direction of flow and pressure etc. Air actuator: - Air cylinders and motors are used to obtain the required movements of direction flow.

Description : Explain the construction of spherical robot in brief. State its degree of freedom

Last Answer : OR Explanation:-- It has one linear and two rotary motions. It consist sliding arm actuated relative to the body, which can rotate about both vertical axis and horizontal axis. Spherical ... robot arm to move forward and backward, up and down, and to the left and to the right. 

Description : State the working principle of solenoid valve with neat sketch

Last Answer : Principle of Operation: * A solenoid is used for translating ON/OFF electrical signals to ON/OFF mechanical movements and normally used as a linear actuator. * As shown in fig (b) above, ... * When the voltage is applied to the solenoid frame magnetic field is produced in the solenoid frame. 

Description : State the application of rack and pinion.

Last Answer : Rack and Pinion : A rack and pinion is a type of linear actuator that comprises a pair of gears which convert rotational motion into linear motion. A circular gear called "the pinion" engages teeth on a ... and dimensions for the design of a generating tool, such as a hob or a gear shaper cutter. 

Description : Explain the principle of operation of solenoid. State two parameters on which selection of solenoid is based.

Last Answer : Diagram : Principle: A solenoid is a simple electromagnetic device that converts electrical energy directly into linear mechanical motion, but it has a very short stroke (length of movement), ... Parameters on which selection of solenoid is based1. Size 2. Flow capacity 3. Applied Voltage

Description : List different components of Industrial Robot. State functions of any two.

Last Answer : Components of Robots: A robot is a complex machine which may contain mechanical, electrical, pneumatic, hydraulic and microelectronic components. Essentially a robot consists of four elements ... of sensors are available nowadays including tactile proximity, ultrasonic ranging and vision sensors. 

Description : Explain in brief cam. State the types of cam. List two applications.

Last Answer : Working principle of cam: A cam is mechanical rotating machine element which is used for converting one motion in to another. A cam is a curved or grooved surface which mates with a ... . Printing control mechanisms. Spinning and weaving machineries. Textile machineries. Paper cutting machines.

Description : State the importance of mechatronics in various field of engineering

Last Answer : Mechanical System: These system deal with behavior of matter under the action of forces. Mechanical system like hydraulic, pneumatic, rotational or translational, thermal, Fluid etc. are ... circuit like flip-flops, counters registers, memories software is nothing but system & application

Description : Explain microcontroller based antilock brake system with neat block diagram.

Last Answer : An ABS is a system on motor vehicles which prevents the wheels from locking while braking stopping safely is one of the most important functions a motor vehicle can perform ... valves to decrease the pressure on the braking circuit, effectively reducing the braking force on that wheel.

Description : Describe the working of PLC based automic car park barrier system with block diagram.

Last Answer : Diagram: Explanation: * Automatic car parking system allow to park maximum numbers of car in parking zone. * According to size of parking zone. In parking zone number of vehicle ... to available parking space then automated parking system does not allow enter next car in parking zone. 

Description : Draw and explain schematic of PLC based automatic car parking barrier system.

Last Answer : Explanation: Automatic car parking system allow to park maximum numbers of car in parking zone according to size of parking zone. parking zone number of vehicle parked in parking zone is less ... available parking space then automated parking system does not allow enter next car in parking zone. 

Description : Define sensor, signal conditioner, controller and actuator in mechatronic system.

Last Answer : Sensor: - A sensor is an element in a measurements system that acquires a physical parameter and changes it into electrical signal. E.g. Bellows, Thermocouple  Signal Conditioners:- The signal ... brains of control system operation and decide the kind of action taken in response to an error

Description : Draw and explain general block diagram of Robotic system.

Last Answer : Explanation : An Industrial robot has basic parts like arm, sensor, actuators, controllers etc. There subsystem communicates among them via, interface, whose function consists basically of decoding ... form of feedback signals. This is compared with the predefined task given to the controller

Description : Draw block diagram of CNC system and state function of each block.

Last Answer : (i) Input Devices: These are the devices which are used to input the part program in the CNC machine. There are three commonly used input devices and these are punch tape reader, magnetic ... Unit: A monitor is used to display the programs, commands and other useful data of CNC machine. 

Description : List velocity sensors and explain any one type with neat diagram.

Last Answer : Different type of velocity sensors are:-- 1)Encoders 2)Tacho-generators 3)Pyroelectic sensors 4)Moving coil type  Explanation:-- A digital optical encoder is a device that converts motion into a ... e.m.f will be proportional to the input velocity and thus, is a measure of the velocity

Description : Explain MEMs microactuator with neat diagram.

Last Answer : Explanation: * Actuator is a mechanical device used for controlling or moving something. * It is an element that converts electric signals into physical signals. * The transduction unit ... pumps, micro switches, micro valves and micro grippers are different types of Micro actuators. 

Description : Describe the implimentation of proportional type of controller using hydraullic controller.

Last Answer : Diagram: Explanation: * When the jet pipe is moved towards right by the deviation the signal, the position moves to the right along with the feedback linkage whose motion acts to bring ... pivot that regulates the amount of piston motion required to restore the jet pipe to neutral position. 

Description : Give two applications of each : 1) Eddy current sensor 2) Optical sensor.

Last Answer : Eddy current sensor : 1. Detection of non-magnetic but conductive materials. 2. Displacement sensing 3. Position sensing Optical sensor : 1. Position Detection 2. Velocity Detection 3. Acceleration Detection 4. Direction Detection

Description : For a signal conditioner explain the terms linearization and signal conversion.

Last Answer : Definition :  1. linearization : Many primary elements produce nonlinear outputs and the signal must be linearized to produce a nearly ideal calibration. Specialized analog circuits such as offsetting circuits, ... signal. Even computer algorithms are also used. 2.Signal conversion :

Description : Draw and explain pneumatic proportional controller.

Last Answer : Explanation : Basic : Proportional control is one in which the process input is change in direct proportion to the error(t) controls the output so that the manipulated variable and the error has proportional relation. ... the MV and SP reference value called as error Given as :  Error = SP - MV

Description : Explain working principle of stroboscope with neat sketch.

Last Answer : Diagram : Explanation : The arrangement of two flanges A and B placed at a distance on the shaft is as shown. Flange A carries a scale while flange a pointer. When a torque ... measuring the angular twist. This method is simple and inexpensive. However, the accuracy of measurement is poor.

Description : Draw block diagram of microcontroller based pick and place Robot. List the four movements required by this Robot.

Last Answer : Diagram : Explanation: The robot has three axes about which motion can occur. Rotation in a clockwise or anti-clock wise direction of the unit on its base Arm extension or ... . The gripper can be opened or closed by the piston in a linear cylinder extending or retracting as.

Description : Classify bearing and explain any one in brief.

Last Answer : Bearing : Hydrodynamic Bearings Hydrostatic Bearings Rolling Element Bearings Types of bearings- Radial bearing Thrust bearing Sliding contact bearings Rolling contact bearings  ... of bearing holds is enormous. The forthcoming articles will deal more with these details.

Description : Draw and explain Rack and Pinion assembly.

Last Answer : Rack and Pinion : A rack and pinion is a type of linear actuator that comprises a pair of gears which convert rotational motion into linear motion. A circular gear called "the pinion" engages teeth on a linear " ... a hob or a gear shaper cutter. Diagram: OR

Description : Define DOF. Draw and explain six degrees of freedom.

Last Answer : DOF: Degree of freedom is a term used to describe a robot's freedom of motion in 3 dimensional spaces specifically the ability to move forward and backward, up and down, left and right. For each DOF a ... axes, often termed yaw (normal axis), pitch (lateral axis), and roll (longitudinal axis).

Description : Compare Electronic controllers with pneumatic controllers.

Last Answer : Electronic contrllers Pneumatic controller Low power requirements High power requirements Speed of response is substantially instantaneous Speed of response is not substantially ... Difficult maintenance and test kit requirements Essay maintenance and test kit requirements

Description : Draw and explain Fuzzy logic controller. 

Last Answer : Explanation:-- Fuzzification: It is the action of transforming a given state as crisp input into fuzzy values by evaluating membership function for purpose to be used by a fuzzy ... a non- fuzzy control action that best represent the possibility of an inferred fuzzy control action

Description : List out various position sensors. Explain any one in detail.

Last Answer : List : 1)Potentiometer 2) Eddy current sensorproximity sensor 3)Capacitive sensor 4)Hall effect sensor 5)Optical sensor/photo electric sensor 6)Inductive sensor Example :  Capacitive sensor: ... voltage which can be consider as error and actuator will move according to correct position. 

Description : Draw and explain electronic PID controller.

Last Answer : Diagram :

Description : Explain working of Belt. List types of Belt.

Last Answer : Working : A belt is a loop of flexible material used to mechanically link two or more rotating shafts, most often parallel. Belts may be used as a source of motion, to transmit power efficiently, or to ... of belt : 1)Vee belt 2)Flat belt timing belt 3)Ribbed belt 4)Film belt 5)Multigrooved belt

Description : Distinguish between transducer and sensor.

Last Answer : Serial No Transducer Sensor 1 It is device which convert any physical quantity other physical quantity which is useful for electrical purpose  It is device which sense any physical quantity and ... LDR, thermistor , etc. All sensor, LVDT, bellow, Bourdon tube, Speaker, etc.

Description : What is optical encoder? List its types.

Last Answer : Optical Encoder : An optical encoder is an electromechanical device which has an electrical output in digital form proportional to the angular position of the input shaft. Optical encoders ... encoder 2) Absolute optical encoder: a)Single turn absolute optical encoder b)Multiturn absolute encoder

Description : Explain in brief mechatronics. List its applications.

Last Answer : Mechatronics: Mechatronics is the synergistic integration of mechanical engineering with electronics and intelligent computer control in designing, manufacturing processes and production. It helps to ... in automobiles for outdoor locking, collision avoidance and ignition and antiroll system 

Description : State the function of G00, G94, M08 and M30 used in CNC part programming. 

Last Answer : 1) G00 :- Rapid Traverse Function G00 is the basic G-code for CNC programming to initiate rapid motion mode i.e used for quickly positioning the tool. G00 can be used where the tool is not ... production. As soon as the program ends he can place the next component and start the next cycle. 

Description : State salient features of CNC machines.

Last Answer : Salient Features of CNC machines .. 1. A part program can be fed to the controller unit through a keyboard. 2. The part program once entered can be used again and again. That is why ... control unit allows compensation for any changes in the dimensions of cutting tools caused due wear or otherwise. 

Description : State machine reference point for CNC. 

Last Answer : The machine reference point – R The position of the reference point R is determined by the manufacturer. The value of machine reference co-ordinates XMR and ZMR are fixed and cannot be changed by the user. The machine reference point serves for the calibration of the measuring system.

Description : State function of ATC in CNC machine.

Last Answer : An Automatic tool changer or ATC is used in computerized numerical control (CNC) machine tools to improve the production and tool carrying capacity of the machine. ATC changes the tool very quickly, reducing the non-productive time.

Description : The STL files translate the part geometry from a CAD system to________ a.CNC machine b.VMC machine c.RP machine d.CAPP machine

Last Answer : c.RP machine

Description : ……… is a group of words or coded instruction for the NC/CNC system to execute aparticular movement. a.Sequence b.Address c.Code d.Block

Last Answer : d.Block

Description : With the help of block diagram explain closed loop control CNC system. 

Last Answer : Special motors called servos are used for executing machine movements in closed loop system. The name indicates that the closed loop control system has a loop that is closed as shown in fig. ... to the drive unit and the cycle repeats until there is no error signal from the comparator.

Description : n an NC machining operation, the tool has to be moved from point (5, 4) to point (7, 2) alonga circular path with centre at (5, 2). Before starting the operation, the tool is at (5, 4). The G and N codes for this motion ... 0 I5.0 J2.0 c.N010 GO1 X7.0 Y2.0 I5.0 J2.0 d.N010 GOO X7.0 Y2.0 I5.0 J2.0

Last Answer : b.N010 GO2 X7.0 Y2.0 I5.0 J2.0