List velocity sensors and explain any one type with neat diagram.

List velocity sensors and explain any one type with neat diagram.
by

1 Answer

Answer :

Different type of velocity sensors are:-- 1)Encoders 2)Tacho-generators 3)Pyroelectic sensors 4)Moving coil type 


image

Explanation:-- A digital optical encoder is a device that converts motion into a sequence of digital pulses. By counting a single bit or by decoding a set of bits, the pulses can be converted to relative or absolute position measurements. Encoders have both linear and rotary configurations, but the most common type is rotary. Rotary encoders are manufactured in two basic forms: the absolute encoder where a unique digital word corresponds to each rotational position of the shaft, and the incremental encoder, which produces digital pulses as the shaft rotates, allowing measurement of relative position of shaft. Most rotary encoders are composed of a glass or plastic code disk with a photographically deposited radial pattern organized in tracks. As radial lines in each track interrupt the beam between a photo emitter-detector pair, digital pulses are produced.

Tacho-generator: Is used to measure angular velocity Can be of two types: variable reluctance or ac generator The variable reluctance one consist of toothed wheel of ferromagnetic material which is attached to the rotating shaft. As the wheel rotates, the air- gap between the coil and the Ferro-magnet changes. Thus the flux linked by the a pick up coil changes. This result in alternating e.m.f in the coil. If the coil has n teeth and rotates with angular velocity w, then the flux and the induced voltage 

Piezoelectric sensors: A piezoelectric sensor is device that uses the piezoelectric effect to measure the changes in velocity converting to electric quantity 

image


Moving COIL Type: velocity transducer/sensor consists of a moving coil suspended in the magnetic field of a Permanent magnet. The velocity is given as the input, which causes the movement of the coil in the magnetic field. This causes an e.m.f to be generated in the coil. This induced e.m.f will be proportional to the input velocity and thus, is a measure of the velocity

by

Related questions

List out various position sensors. Explain any one in detail.

Description : List out various position sensors. Explain any one in detail.

Last Answer : List : 1)Potentiometer 2) Eddy current sensorproximity sensor 3)Capacitive sensor 4)Hall effect sensor 5)Optical sensor/photo electric sensor 6)Inductive sensor Example :  Capacitive sensor: ... voltage which can be consider as error and actuator will move according to correct position. 

Explain microcontroller based antilock brake system with neat block diagram.

Description : Explain microcontroller based antilock brake system with neat block diagram.

Last Answer : An ABS is a system on motor vehicles which prevents the wheels from locking while braking stopping safely is one of the most important functions a motor vehicle can perform ... valves to decrease the pressure on the braking circuit, effectively reducing the braking force on that wheel.

Explain MEMs microactuator with neat diagram.

Description : Explain MEMs microactuator with neat diagram.

Last Answer : Explanation: * Actuator is a mechanical device used for controlling or moving something. * It is an element that converts electric signals into physical signals. * The transduction unit ... pumps, micro switches, micro valves and micro grippers are different types of Micro actuators. 

Draw block diagram of microcontroller based pick and place Robot. List the four movements required by this Robot.

Description : Draw block diagram of microcontroller based pick and place Robot. List the four movements required by this Robot.

Last Answer : Diagram : Explanation: The robot has three axes about which motion can occur. Rotation in a clockwise or anti-clock wise direction of the unit on its base Arm extension or ... . The gripper can be opened or closed by the piston in a linear cylinder extending or retracting as.

Explain working principle of stroboscope with neat sketch.

Description : Explain working principle of stroboscope with neat sketch.

Last Answer : Diagram : Explanation : The arrangement of two flanges A and B placed at a distance on the shaft is as shown. Flange A carries a scale while flange a pointer. When a torque ... measuring the angular twist. This method is simple and inexpensive. However, the accuracy of measurement is poor.

State the working principle of solenoid valve with neat sketch

Description : State the working principle of solenoid valve with neat sketch

Last Answer : Principle of Operation: * A solenoid is used for translating ON/OFF electrical signals to ON/OFF mechanical movements and normally used as a linear actuator. * As shown in fig (b) above, ... * When the voltage is applied to the solenoid frame magnetic field is produced in the solenoid frame. 

Draw and explain general block diagram of Robotic system.

Description : Draw and explain general block diagram of Robotic system.

Last Answer : Explanation : An Industrial robot has basic parts like arm, sensor, actuators, controllers etc. There subsystem communicates among them via, interface, whose function consists basically of decoding ... form of feedback signals. This is compared with the predefined task given to the controller

Describe the working of PLC based automic car park barrier system with block diagram.

Description : Describe the working of PLC based automic car park barrier system with block diagram.

Last Answer : Diagram: Explanation: * Automatic car parking system allow to park maximum numbers of car in parking zone. * According to size of parking zone. In parking zone number of vehicle ... to available parking space then automated parking system does not allow enter next car in parking zone. 

Draw block diagram of pneumatic system showing its basic components. State the functions of control value and air actuator.

Description : Draw block diagram of pneumatic system showing its basic components. State the functions of control value and air actuator.

Last Answer : Diagram : Control valve: - control and regulates the direction of flow and pressure etc. Air actuator: - Air cylinders and motors are used to obtain the required movements of direction flow.

Draw block diagram of practical ABS system. State its advantages.

Description : Draw block diagram of practical ABS system. State its advantages.

Last Answer : Advantages: Anti-lock braking system (ABS) guarantees stable braking characteristics on all road surfaces, hence avoids overturning of the vehicle. ABS reduces friction on wheels and road, thus increases the ... effectively, then an experienced driver on the non ABS vehicle. Diagram : 

Explain working of Belt. List types of Belt.

Description : Explain working of Belt. List types of Belt.

Last Answer : Working : A belt is a loop of flexible material used to mechanically link two or more rotating shafts, most often parallel. Belts may be used as a source of motion, to transmit power efficiently, or to ... of belt : 1)Vee belt 2)Flat belt timing belt 3)Ribbed belt 4)Film belt 5)Multigrooved belt

Explain in brief cam. State the types of cam. List two applications.

Description : Explain in brief cam. State the types of cam. List two applications.

Last Answer : Working principle of cam: A cam is mechanical rotating machine element which is used for converting one motion in to another. A cam is a curved or grooved surface which mates with a ... . Printing control mechanisms. Spinning and weaving machineries. Textile machineries. Paper cutting machines.

Explain in brief mechatronics. List its applications.

Description : Explain in brief mechatronics. List its applications.

Last Answer : Mechatronics: Mechatronics is the synergistic integration of mechanical engineering with electronics and intelligent computer control in designing, manufacturing processes and production. It helps to ... in automobiles for outdoor locking, collision avoidance and ignition and antiroll system 

Explain with neat sketch block diagram of optical fiber communication system and list out sources and detectors suitable for it.

Description : Explain with neat sketch block diagram of optical fiber communication system and list out sources and detectors suitable for it.

Last Answer : OR 1. The light source is normally an infrared LED or LASER device which is driven by the current value from the V to I convertor. It emits light which is proportional ... optical energy electrical signal. The light detectors which are used as PIN photodiode and avalanche photo diode.

List advantages and disadvantages of MEMS.

Description : List advantages and disadvantages of MEMS.

Last Answer : Advantages : 1. Batch fabrication and hence reduced cost. 2. Reduced size and reduced power ( due to pin size and reduced package volume) 3. High precision and resolution. 4. Reduced ... cannot be loaded with large forces because brittle materials can be fractured easily under high stress.  

List advantages and applications of PLC.

Description : List advantages and applications of PLC.

Last Answer : The advantages of PLC are as follows: 1. Flexible in Nature: One model of PLC can be used for different operations as per requirement. 2. Easy to install and troubleshooting: In hard ... 1.Continuous bottle filling system 2.Batch mixing system 3.stage air conditioning system 4.Traffic control 

List different components of Industrial Robot. State functions of any two.

Description : List different components of Industrial Robot. State functions of any two.

Last Answer : Components of Robots: A robot is a complex machine which may contain mechanical, electrical, pneumatic, hydraulic and microelectronic components. Essentially a robot consists of four elements ... of sensors are available nowadays including tactile proximity, ultrasonic ranging and vision sensors. 

List advantages and disadvantages of CNC based drilling machine.

Description : List advantages and disadvantages of CNC based drilling machine.

Last Answer : Advantages : Reduce the making/production cost Increases the productivity CNC improves the production Low skill operator is required High accuracy and repeatability Complex machining operations are also ... Its replacement is difficult, that it is difficult to change old system to new system

What is optical encoder? List its types.

Description : What is optical encoder? List its types.

Last Answer : Optical Encoder : An optical encoder is an electromechanical device which has an electrical output in digital form proportional to the angular position of the input shaft. Optical encoders ... encoder 2) Absolute optical encoder: a)Single turn absolute optical encoder b)Multiturn absolute encoder

Internal state sensors are used for measuring which of below parameterof the end effector. A : Position B : Position & Velocity C : Velocity & acceleration D : Position, Velocity & acceleration

Description : Internal state sensors are used for measuring which of below parameterof the end effector. A : Position B : Position & Velocity C : Velocity & acceleration D : Position, Velocity & acceleration

Last Answer : D : Position, Velocity & acceleration

- In end effector internal state sensors are used for measuring (A) Position (B) Position & Velocity (C) Velocity & Acceleration (D) Position, Velocity & Acceleration

Description : - In end effector internal state sensors are used for measuring (A) Position (B) Position & Velocity (C) Velocity & Acceleration (D) Position, Velocity & Acceleration

Last Answer : D

List different electrical temperature sensors. Explain any one of them.

Description : List different electrical temperature sensors. Explain any one of them.

Last Answer : Different electrical temperature sensors: 1. RTD 2. Thermistors 3. Thermocouples Thermocouple: Explanation: If two dissimilar metals are joined together so as to form a closed ... difference in temperature between the two junctions and on the characteristics of the two metals.

Explain the capacitance type level measurement method with neat diagram.

Description : Explain the capacitance type level measurement method with neat diagram.

Last Answer : Capacitance level indicator  Explanation: It consists of two conductors separated from each other by dielectric material between them. There is an insulated capacitance probe fixed near and parallel to ... , the dielectric constant changes due to which capacitance changes. Thus any change.

With a neat diagram explain the construction of calendria type evaporator.

Description : With a neat diagram explain the construction of calendria type evaporator.

Last Answer : Calendria type(Short tube) evaporator: Construction: It consists of vertical cylindrical shell incorporating short vertical tube bundle with horizontal tube sheet. Vapour inlet is provided at top ... sheet, while non condensable gas is vented to atmosphere from point near top tube sheet.

With the help of neat circuit diagram, explain the operation of voltage shunt type feedback amplifier.

Description : With the help of neat circuit diagram, explain the operation of voltage shunt type feedback amplifier.

Last Answer : Diagram:  Fig. shows common emitter transistor amplifier with a feedback resistor RF connected between its output and input terminals. This is collector to base biasing when the input signal is ... As IS = If + Ii it is shunt type therefore it voltage shunt negative feedback amplifier.

Explain concept of capacitive type proximity switch with neat schematic diagram.

Description : Explain concept of capacitive type proximity switch with neat schematic diagram.

Last Answer : Capacitive type proximity switch: A capacitive proximity switch is device that senses presence of metallic or nonmetallic objects. The internal circuit consists of an oscillator, threshold detection stage and ... in oscillation amplitude is detected and output switching device is turned on. 

With neat diagram explain constructional details of dynamometer type wattmeter.

Description : With neat diagram explain constructional details of dynamometer type wattmeter.

Last Answer : Working Principle of Wattmeter: It consists of two stationary coils, called current coils and one moving coil, called voltage or potential coil. The moving coil is mounted on the spindle, in the gap ... experiences a force and tends to move in the direction as per Fleming's left hand rule. 

Explain construction & working of attraction type M.I. instrument with neat diagram.

Description : Explain construction & working of attraction type M.I. instrument with neat diagram.

Last Answer : 1. Moving element: a small piece of soft iron in the form of a vane or rod.  2. In Attracted type a cylindrical coil or solenoid which is kept fixed. An oval-shaped soft-iron piece are ...   9. When = the pointer will be stable & we can get correct reading of the electrical quantity

List four types of sensors used in MPFI system, state their locations and functions.

Description : List four types of sensors used in MPFI system, state their locations and functions.

Last Answer : Sr. Name Function Location 1 Oxygen Sensor Measuring the quantity of oxygen in exhaust  Located at inlet and outlet side of catalytic converter 2 Mass air flow(MAF ... the combustion process and supplies signal to the ECU. This sensor is fitted on cylinder block.

List any four names of optial sensors

Description : List any four names of optial sensors

Last Answer : Optial sensors: i) Photodiodes ii) Phototransistors iii) LDRs iv) Photovoltaic cells v) Optical encoder vi) Scintillation counter vii) Photoionization detector viii) Photographic plates

Explain the construction of spherical robot in brief. State its degree of freedom

Description : Explain the construction of spherical robot in brief. State its degree of freedom

Last Answer : OR Explanation:-- It has one linear and two rotary motions. It consist sliding arm actuated relative to the body, which can rotate about both vertical axis and horizontal axis. Spherical ... robot arm to move forward and backward, up and down, and to the left and to the right. 

For a signal conditioner explain the terms linearization and signal conversion.

Description : For a signal conditioner explain the terms linearization and signal conversion.

Last Answer : Definition :  1. linearization : Many primary elements produce nonlinear outputs and the signal must be linearized to produce a nearly ideal calibration. Specialized analog circuits such as offsetting circuits, ... signal. Even computer algorithms are also used. 2.Signal conversion :

Draw and explain pneumatic proportional controller.

Description : Draw and explain pneumatic proportional controller.

Last Answer : Explanation : Basic : Proportional control is one in which the process input is change in direct proportion to the error(t) controls the output so that the manipulated variable and the error has proportional relation. ... the MV and SP reference value called as error Given as :  Error = SP - MV

Draw and explain schematic of PLC based automatic car parking barrier system.

Description : Draw and explain schematic of PLC based automatic car parking barrier system.

Last Answer : Explanation: Automatic car parking system allow to park maximum numbers of car in parking zone according to size of parking zone. parking zone number of vehicle parked in parking zone is less ... available parking space then automated parking system does not allow enter next car in parking zone. 

Explain the principle of operation of solenoid. State two parameters on which selection of solenoid is based.

Description : Explain the principle of operation of solenoid. State two parameters on which selection of solenoid is based.

Last Answer : Diagram : Principle: A solenoid is a simple electromagnetic device that converts electrical energy directly into linear mechanical motion, but it has a very short stroke (length of movement), ... Parameters on which selection of solenoid is based1. Size 2. Flow capacity 3. Applied Voltage

Classify bearing and explain any one in brief.

Description : Classify bearing and explain any one in brief.

Last Answer : Bearing : Hydrodynamic Bearings Hydrostatic Bearings Rolling Element Bearings Types of bearings- Radial bearing Thrust bearing Sliding contact bearings Rolling contact bearings  ... of bearing holds is enormous. The forthcoming articles will deal more with these details.

Draw and explain Rack and Pinion assembly.

Description : Draw and explain Rack and Pinion assembly.

Last Answer : Rack and Pinion : A rack and pinion is a type of linear actuator that comprises a pair of gears which convert rotational motion into linear motion. A circular gear called "the pinion" engages teeth on a linear " ... a hob or a gear shaper cutter. Diagram: OR

Define DOF. Draw and explain six degrees of freedom.

Description : Define DOF. Draw and explain six degrees of freedom.

Last Answer : DOF: Degree of freedom is a term used to describe a robot's freedom of motion in 3 dimensional spaces specifically the ability to move forward and backward, up and down, left and right. For each DOF a ... axes, often termed yaw (normal axis), pitch (lateral axis), and roll (longitudinal axis).

Draw and explain Fuzzy logic controller.

Description : Draw and explain Fuzzy logic controller. 

Last Answer : Explanation:-- Fuzzification: It is the action of transforming a given state as crisp input into fuzzy values by evaluating membership function for purpose to be used by a fuzzy ... a non- fuzzy control action that best represent the possibility of an inferred fuzzy control action

Draw and explain electronic PID controller.

Description : Draw and explain electronic PID controller.

Last Answer : Diagram :

Describe the implimentation of proportional type of controller using hydraullic controller.

Description : Describe the implimentation of proportional type of controller using hydraullic controller.

Last Answer : Diagram: Explanation: * When the jet pipe is moved towards right by the deviation the signal, the position moves to the right along with the feedback linkage whose motion acts to bring ... pivot that regulates the amount of piston motion required to restore the jet pipe to neutral position. 

What is time multiplexed space switching? With a neat diagram explain its operation.

Description : What is time multiplexed space switching? With a neat diagram explain its operation.

Last Answer : Time division switches where an inlet or an outlet corresponded to a single subscriber line with one speech sample appearing every 125 µs on the line. Such switches are used in local exchanges. We now ... / Mt , Where t is the switching time including memory access time per inlet-outlet pair.  

Explain with neat diagram the different hazards and the way to eliminate them.

Description : Explain with neat diagram the different hazards and the way to eliminate them.

Last Answer : • Classification of hazards • Static hazard & Dynamic hazard definitions • K map for selected functions • Method of elimination • Essential hazards

Explain the operation of a full wave bridge rectifier with π filter using a neat diagram. Draw input and output waveforms.

Description : Explain the operation of a full wave bridge rectifier with π filter using a neat diagram. Draw input and output waveforms.

Last Answer : During positive half-cycle of input, the secondary voltage VAB is positive, so diodes D1 and D2 forward biased and D3 and D4 reverse biased. The load current flows from terminal A ... smooth DC voltage appears across the load. The input and output waveforms are shown in the figure.

Explain working,construction of filter leaf with neat diagram.

Description : Explain working,construction of filter leaf with neat diagram. 

Last Answer : Construction of filter leaf   It consists of metal frame enclosing a wire screen or a grooved plate. The screen is covered by filter cloth which is fitted in frame, to grip the cloth. The frame ... . The cake can be washed by immersing in a vessel containing water or reverse flow of air

Explain working of fluid energy mill with a neat diagram.

Description : Explain working of fluid energy mill with a neat diagram.

Last Answer : Working:  1. The material which is to be size reduced is fed in the grinding chamber from the bottom through the feed inlet. 2. The air or inert gas is introduced with a very high pressure through ... particle size to the order of 100# and then passed through fluid energy mill. Diagram:   

Explain with neat diagram how transistor can be used as a switch.

Description : Explain with neat diagram how transistor can be used as a switch.

Last Answer : In Bipolar Transistor as a Switch the biasing of the transistor, either NPN or PNP is arranged to operate the transistor at both sides of the I-V characteristics curves. The areas ... possible and maximum current flowing through the transistor. Therefore the transistor is switched Fully-ON .

Explain vertical deflection subsystem with neat diagram.

Description : Explain vertical deflection subsystem with neat diagram.

Last Answer : vertical deflection subsystem The main function of the vertical deflection system is to provide an amplified signal of prope r level toderive the vertical deflection plates without any ... suppression, reduced no nlinear effects because none of the plates are at ground potential. 

With the help of constructional diagram, explain the working of LDR with neat sketch.

Description : With the help of constructional diagram, explain the working of LDR with neat sketch.

Last Answer : Working Principle The resistance depends on the intensity of light, as resistance decreases with increase in light intensity. Characteristics Applications of LDR 1. They are often ... circuits, light intensity meters, for counting the packages moving on a conveyor belt, etc.

Explain 3-2-1 principle of locations with suitable example and neat diagram

Description : Explain 3-2-1 principle of locations with suitable example and neat diagram

Last Answer : 3-2-1 Principle of Location used in Jig & Fixtures: It is also known as six pin or six point location principle. In this, the three adjacent locating surfaces of the blank (work piece) are ... [7] Another pin F in the second vertical face of the fixed body, arrests degree of freedom 9.