Explain the term crossover distortion. State methods to overcome it.

Explain the term crossover distortion. State methods to overcome it.
by

1 Answer

Answer :

Explanation:- 

* Cross over distortion occurs in Class B push pull Amplifier. 

* In the push-pull configuration, the two identical transistors get into conduction, one after the other and the output produced will be the combination of both. 

* When the signal changes or crosses over from one transistor to the other at the zero voltage point, it produces an amount of distortion to the output wave shape. For a transistor in order to conduct, the base emitter junction should cross 0.7v, the cut off voltage. The time taken for a transistor to get ON from OFF or to get OFF from ON state is called the transition period. 

* At the zero voltage point, the transition period of switching over the transistors from one to the other, has its effect which leads to the instances where both the transistors are OFF at a time. Such instances can be called as Flat spot or Dead band on the output wave shape.

Waveform:-

image

Method to overcome : This cross over distortion can be eliminated if the conduction of the amplifier is more than one half cycle, so that both the transistors won‟t be OFF at the same time. The remedy is to use Class AB amplifier.

by

Related questions

Compare Class A ,Class B, Class C and class AB power amplifiers on the basis of: i)Angle of conduction ii)Efficiency iii)Position of operating pointing power dissipation iv)Distortion

Description : Compare Class A ,Class B, Class C and class AB power amplifiers on the basis of: i)Angle of conduction ii)Efficiency iii)Position of operating pointing power dissipation iv)Distortion

Last Answer : Compare Class A ,Class B, Class C and class AB power amplifiers on the basis of: i)Angle of conduction ii)Efficiency iii)Position of operating pointing power dissipation iv)Distortion

The type of power amplifier that exhibits crossover distortion in its output is :

Description : The type of power amplifier that exhibits crossover distortion in its output is : (A) Class A (B) Class B (C) Class AB (D) Class C

Last Answer : The type of power amplifier that exhibits crossover distortion in its output is  Class B

What is the reason why companding is employed in PCM systems? A. To overcome impulse noise in PCM receivers B. To allow amplitude limiting in the receivers C. To solve quantizing noise problem D. To protect small signals in PCM from quantizing distortion

Description : What is the reason why companding is employed in PCM systems? A. To overcome impulse noise in PCM receivers B. To allow amplitude limiting in the receivers C. To solve quantizing noise problem D. To protect small signals in PCM from quantizing distortion

Last Answer : D. To protect small signals in PCM from quantizing distortion

Which of the following following methods methods best considers considers intangible intangible costs related related to a location location decision? a. crossover crossover methods methods b. locational break-even locational break-even analysis analysis c. factor rating analysis d. the transportation transportation method e. the assignment assignment method

Description : Which of the following following methods methods best considers considers intangible intangible costs related related to a location location decision? a. crossover crossover methods methods b. ... rating analysis d. the transportation transportation method e. the assignment assignment method

Last Answer : d. the transportation transportation method

Define the term related to power amplifier. (i) Efficiency (ii) Voltage gain

Description : Define the term related to power amplifier. (i) Efficiency (ii) Voltage gain

Last Answer : (i) Efficiency: Efficiency of the power amplifier is defined as the ratio of maximum a.c. output power to the d.c. input power. Mathematically (ii) Voltage gain: Voltage gain of the power amplifier is defined as the ratio of output voltage to the input voltage. Mathematically,

Comment on the effect of negative feedback on the gain, input and output resistance of the feedback amplifiers.Describe the gain bandwidth product term used in this context and its importance.

Description : Comment on the effect of negative feedback on the gain, input and output resistance of the feedback amplifiers.Describe the gain bandwidth product term used in this context and its importance.

Last Answer : Effect of negative feedback: 1. Gain decreases with negative feedback. 2. Input resistance increases with negative feedback. 3. Output resistance decreases with negative feedback. Explanation ... feedback bandwidth increases which means it is stable output on more range of frequency.

In electrical resistance welding, distortion results from the use of improper (A) Clamping methods (B) Electrodes (C) Current (D) Filler material

Description : In electrical resistance welding, distortion results from the use of improper (A) Clamping methods (B) Electrodes (C) Current (D) Filler material

Last Answer : (A) Clamping methods

Draw the circuit of complementary, symmetry push pull amplifier and explain its working.

Description : Draw the circuit of complementary, symmetry push pull amplifier and explain its working.

Last Answer : COMPLEMENTRY SYMMETRY CLASS B PUSH PULL AMPLIFIER  Circuit Diagram:  Circuit description: * Two transistors one NPN & other PNP is used in the circuit so they are complementary to each other. ... conducts & NPN remains OFF.  So we get remaining half cycle in the output.

Explain stagger tuned amplifier with the help of waveforms.

Description : Explain stagger tuned amplifier with the help of waveforms.

Last Answer : Circuit Diagram: Above figure shows two-stage tuned voltage amplifier. The stagger tuning in this circuit, may be achieved by resonating the tuned circuits L1C1 and L2C2 to slightly different ... outside the pass-band. Because of the stagger tuning there is a loss of voltage gain.

Explain with circuit diagram and waveform the operation of class AB push pull power amplifier.

Description : Explain with circuit diagram and waveform the operation of class AB push pull power amplifier.

Last Answer : Class AB Push Pull Power Amplifier:  Circuit Diagram:  Circuit Decription: The circuit consists of two centre-tapped transformers T1 and T2, two identical transistors Q1 and Q2 , Resistor R and ... two halves & produces a full sine wave in the load resistor. Waveform :

Explain principle of feedback amplifier.

Description : Explain principle of feedback amplifier.

Last Answer : Block diagram of feedback amplifier:- Explanation:- * Feedback is a process of injecting some energy from the output and then it back to the input. The amplifier which use the feedback principle are ... Now, The quantity β = Vf /Vo is called as feedback ratio or feedback fraction.

With the help of neat circuit diagram, explain the operation of voltage shunt type feedback amplifier.

Description : With the help of neat circuit diagram, explain the operation of voltage shunt type feedback amplifier.

Last Answer : Diagram:  Fig. shows common emitter transistor amplifier with a feedback resistor RF connected between its output and input terminals. This is collector to base biasing when the input signal is ... As IS = If + Ii it is shunt type therefore it voltage shunt negative feedback amplifier.

Sketch circuit diagram of common source FET Amplifier. State working principle of it.

Description : Sketch circuit diagram of common source FET Amplifier. State working principle of it.

Last Answer : Working: -  * When small a.c. signal is applied to the gate, it produces variation in the gate to source voltage. This produces variation in the drain current. As the gate to source ... and we get amplification. Thus the AC output voltage VDS is 180º out of phase with AC input voltage.

State classification of Amplifiers.

Description : State classification of Amplifiers.

Last Answer : CLASSIFICATION OF AMPLIFIERS: A] Based on input signal 1. Small signal amplifiers 2. Large signal amplifiers B] Based on output signal 1. Voltage amplifier 2. Power amplifier C ... coupling 1. Direct coupled amplifiers 2. R-C Coupled amplifier 3. Transformer coupled amplifier

State the need of tuned amplifier in electronic circuits.

Description : State the need of tuned amplifier in electronic circuits.

Last Answer : Necessity of tuned amplifier: 1. Selection of the desired radio frequency signal. 2. Amplification of the selected signal to a selected voltage level.

State advantages of negative feedback used in feedback amplifier.

Description : State advantages of negative feedback used in feedback amplifier.

Last Answer : Advantage of negative feedback amplifier: * Increased stability in gain * Increased bandwidth * Less amplitude and harmonic distortion * Decreased noise * Less frequency distortion * Less non-linear distortion * Input and output resistance can be modified as desired

Methods to progressively overcome a fear of heights?

Description : Methods to progressively overcome a fear of heights?

Last Answer : Expose yourself to it a little at a time. For me though it took one experience and my fear of heights was greatly reduced. It's still there but it does not paralyze me. In my old job I had to ... you high up it arouses that same fear. I can see this as a tool for exposure therapy in the future.

Draw Bootstrap sweep generator circuit. Compare Miller Integrator and bootstrap sweep generator with respect to the technique used.

Description : Draw Bootstrap sweep generator circuit. Compare Miller Integrator and bootstrap sweep generator with respect to the technique used.

Last Answer : Circuit diagram of bootstrap sweep generator: Miller Integrator Bootstrap sweep generator It is an integrator used to convert input step waveform into ramp waveform. In ... than Bootstrap sweep circuit The linearity of sweep voltage is poor than Miller integrator

Define : (i) Sweep time (ii) Retrace time

Description : Define : (i) Sweep time (ii) Retrace time

Last Answer : (i) Sweep time: It is defined as time interval taken by time based signal generator to increase from minimum to maximum voltage. (ii) Retrace time: It is defined as time taken by time based signal generator to decrease from maximum to minimum voltage.

Describe the operation of double tuned amplifier with the help of neat circuit diagram and mention its applications.

Description : Describe the operation of double tuned amplifier with the help of neat circuit diagram and mention its applications.

Last Answer : Circuit diagram: Operation:  *The signal to be amplified is applied at the input terminal through the coupling capacitor CC  *The resonant frequency of the tuned circuit L1 C1 is made equal ... : (i) Radio and T .V broadcasting as tuning circuit. (ii) Wireless communication system.

Compare the fixed voltage regulators using 78XX and 79XX.

Description : Compare the fixed voltage regulators using 78XX and 79XX.

Last Answer : Compare the fixed voltage regulators using 78XX and 79XX.

Compare between RC phase shift oscillator and crystal oscillator.

Description : Compare between RC phase shift oscillator and crystal oscillator.

Last Answer : RC phase shift oscillator Crystal oscillator This oscillator is used for low frequency range. Quartz crystal is mainly used in radio-frequency (RF) oscillators Used resistor and capacitor ... RC network is used as feedback network. Crystal is connected in feedback.

Draw the circuit diagram of class AB power amplifier and describe its working.

Description : Draw the circuit diagram of class AB power amplifier and describe its working.

Last Answer : Circuit diagram: Circuit Description: The circuit consists of two center-tapped transformers T1 and T2, two identical transistors Q1 and Q2 , Resistor R and diode D. The DC voltage ... and Q2 conduct, as soon as input cross zero, negative sinusoidal voltage will appear across load.

Justify the need of current time base generator to obtain the specified sawtooth waveform with one example.

Description : Justify the need of current time base generator to obtain the specified sawtooth waveform with one example.

Last Answer : Justification:- * Current Time base generator is a circuit where the output current is a linear function of time over a specified time interval. * Time base circuits are used by radar systems to determine ... the time. * The diode D does not conduct during the sweep, because it is reverse biased.

Describe the operation of class-C type of power amplifier with the help of neat sketch.

Description : Describe the operation of class-C type of power amplifier with the help of neat sketch.

Last Answer : Circuit diagram: Operation: * Class C power amplifier is a type of amplifier where the transistor conducts for less than one half cycle of the input signal. Less than one ... resonant circuit oscillates in one frequency (generally the carrier frequency) all other frequencies are attenuated. 

Classify the power amplifiers on the basis of operation and input/output waveforms.

Description : Classify the power amplifiers on the basis of operation and input/output waveforms.

Last Answer : Depending upon the operation and input/output waveforms power amplifiers are classified into following type. 1) Class A amplifier. 2) Class B amplifier. 3) Class C amplifier. 4) Class AB amplifier. 5) Class D amplifier

Compare small signal amplifier with power amplifier

Description : Compare small signal amplifier with power amplifier

Last Answer : Parameters Small signal Amplifiers Power Amplifiers Amplification quantity It increases voltage into high resistance load. Hence small signal amplifiers are also called as voltage amplifiers. It ... Coupling R-C coupling Transformer coupling Power output low High

List the types of coupling used in BJT amplifier.

Description : List the types of coupling used in BJT amplifier. 

Last Answer : Types of coupling used in BJT amplifier: i. Resistance capacitance (RC)coupling ii. Impedance coupling iii. Transformer coupling iv. Direct coupling

Which of the following term best described the overload distortion? A. Peak limiting B. Quantization noise C. Granular noise D. Slope distortion

Description : Which of the following term best described the overload distortion? A. Peak limiting B. Quantization noise C. Granular noise D. Slope distortion

Last Answer : A. Peak limiting

How well does Crossover Games and similar work on MacOSX?

Description : How well does Crossover Games and similar work on MacOSX?

Last Answer : Why would you want to replace a Perfectly Good Windows PC with a mac? Also, virtualisation of any kind, due to its very nature, always has compatibility issues and reduced performance. Do not do it.

How do I design the passive crossover for a 4-way professional quality speaker?

Description : How do I design the passive crossover for a 4-way professional quality speaker?

Last Answer : I have no idea about your problem.. But if I had your problem I would ask here.

Mouse pointer unaligned in Half Life 2 Deathmatch on CrossOver Games?

Description : Mouse pointer unaligned in Half Life 2 Deathmatch on CrossOver Games?

Last Answer : You should put in a support ticket to our tech support crew. jon parshall COO www.codeweavers.com

What in the world is a crossover!

Description : What in the world is a crossover!

Last Answer : it means that it runs both biofuel and regular gas.

Anyone playing TF2 on a Macbook using Crossover?

Description : Anyone playing TF2 on a Macbook using Crossover?

Last Answer : I run all kinds of steam games including TF2 using boot camp…I don’t think I’d ever try and run a game using my VMware software even if people said it worked. for the sake of the game running better, I would use boot camp with windows XP.

What’s a crossover between two franchises you would like to see and atucally be good?

Description : What’s a crossover between two franchises you would like to see and atucally be good?

Last Answer : They floated the idea of a Jump Street / Men in Black crossover and I really think that kind of action/comedy/satire with Lord & Miller at the helm could work.

How is crossover Ethernet cable different from rest of the Ethernet cables? -Technology

Description : How is crossover Ethernet cable different from rest of the Ethernet cables? -Technology

Last Answer : A crossover cable is a special type of Ethernet cable specially designed for connecting two computers, whereas most Ethernet cables are designed to connect one computer to a router or a switch.

How is crossover Ethernet cable different from rest of the Ethernet cables? -Technology

Description : How is crossover Ethernet cable different from rest of the Ethernet cables? -Technology

Last Answer : A crossover cable is a special type of Ethernet cable specially designed for connecting two computers, whereas most Ethernet cables are designed to connect one computer to a router or a switch.

How is crossover Ethernet cable different from rest of the Ethernet cables? -Technology

Description : How is crossover Ethernet cable different from rest of the Ethernet cables? -Technology

Last Answer : A crossover cable is a special type of Ethernet cable specially designed for connecting two computers, whereas most Ethernet cables are designed to connect one computer to a router or a switch.

When homologous chromosomes crossover what occurs? -Biology

Description : When homologous chromosomes crossover what occurs? -Biology

Last Answer : answer:

What are the advantages of crossover cabling?

Description : What are the advantages of crossover cabling?

Last Answer : 1. Easy to set2. Inexpensive to set up.

What pair of chromosome doesn't go through crossover or recombination?

Description : What pair of chromosome doesn't go through crossover or recombination?

Last Answer : Need answer

What are the advantages of crossover cabling?

Description : What are the advantages of crossover cabling?

Last Answer : 1. Easy to set2. Inexpensive to set up.

Do I need crossover cables for hubs and switches?

Description : Do I need crossover cables for hubs and switches?

Last Answer : An eathernet cross over cable is suggested when using a hub.

Who makes the best crossover SUV and are they made over seas or in the US?

Description : Who makes the best crossover SUV and are they made over seas or in the US?

Last Answer : Www.popularmechanics.com did a road test with seven crossovers to compare price, design, fuel economy and several other factors. This study also has information about in which country each crossover is produced.

What is a crossover SUV and who makes the most reliable one?

Description : What is a crossover SUV and who makes the most reliable one?

Last Answer : The best crossover SUV's on the market today are Chev. Equinox,Ford Escape and Honda CV_R. I have no idea what the differences between these and regular SUV's are.

what type of car is a crossover SUV?

Description : what type of car is a crossover SUV?

Last Answer : A crossover SUV is more of a SUV looking car. Examples are such as Mini, Compacted, & Mid-sized CUVs. Others are Semi off roaders, Minivan, and also Sedan derived.

What are some advantages of the crossover?

Description : What are some advantages of the crossover?

Last Answer : With a crossover, you get an upright seating position, which can improve outward visibility. You also get lots of interior space, and usually pretty good crash protection.

Where would I purchase a Crossover SUV?

Description : Where would I purchase a Crossover SUV?

Last Answer : Crossover SUVs can be purchased online through sites such as eBay or Craigslist or direct from the manufacturer. You can also try car dealers in your area.

What's a crossover SUV and how is it different?

Description : What's a crossover SUV and how is it different?

Last Answer : A crossover SUV is one that is a hybrid between an SUV and other types of vehicles. In reality, it's just a fancy term for a less-substantiated type of SUV.

What are the best crossover vehicles?

Description : What are the best crossover vehicles?

Last Answer : A crossover vehicle is basicly an suv without the huge size these cars are meant to be efficent and inexpensive. There are many manufacturers of crossover vehicles such as Ford chevy and Honda.