Description : The prostanoid that consistently constricts blood vessels is: A. Prostaglandin E2 B. Prostaglandin F2α C. Thromboxane A2 D. Prostacyclin
Last Answer : C. Thromboxane
Description : The following prostanoid is a potent inducer of platelet aggregation (a) Prostacyclin (b) Prostaglandin E2 (c) Prostaglandin D2 (d) Thromboxane A2
Last Answer : Ans: D
Description : A 60-year-old woman has glaucoma following cataract surgery. Which of the following can be used to reduce intraocular pressure? (a) Leukotriene LTD4 or its analogs (b) Prostaglandin E2 or its analogs ( ... analogs (d) Slow-reacting substance of anaplylaxis (SRS-A) (e) Thromboxane A2 or its analogs
Last Answer : Ans: C
Description : Which of the following eicosanoids is generated through the lipozygenase pathway ? (a) Prostaglandin E2 (b) Thromboxane A2 (c) Prostacyclin (d) Leukotriene C4
Description : The following prostanoid is a potent inducer of platelet aggregation: A. Prostacyclin B. Prostaglandin E2 C. Prostaglandin D2 D. Thromboxane A2
Last Answer : D. Thromboxane A2
Description : The following eicosanoid is generated through the lipoxygenase pathway: A. Prostaglandin E2 B. Thromboxane A2 C. Leukotriene C4 D. Prostacyclin
Last Answer : C. Leukotriene C4
Description : A patient who has been taking quantities of aspirin might show increased post operative bleeding because aspirin inhibits:** A. Synthesis of thromboxane A2 and prevents platelet aggregation B. ... network E. Increase the absorption of vitamin K and prevents synthesis of blood clotting factors
Last Answer : A. Synthesis of thromboxane A2 and prevents platelet aggregation
Description : The early pregnancy uterus is sensitive to the following oxytocic (a) Oxytocin (b) Methylergometrine (c) Prostaglandin F2a (d) Both (a) and (b)
Description : Agents that often cause vasoconstriction include all of the following except (a) Angiotensin II (b) Methysergide (c) PGF2a (d) Prostacyclin (e) Thromboxane
Description : The primary objective for designing drugs that selectively inhibit COX - 2 is to (a) Decrease the risk of nephrotoxicity (b) Improve anti-inflammatory effectiveness (c) Lower the ... of treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (e) Selectively decrease thromboxane A2 without effects on other eicosanoids
Description : The following drug increases cyclic-AMP in platelets and inhibits their aggregation without altering levels of thromboxane A2 or prostacyclin: A. Aspirin B. Sulfinpyrazone C. Dipyridamole D. Abciximab
Last Answer : C. Dipyridamole
Description : Aspirin prolongs bleeding time by inhibiting the synthesis of: A. Clotting factors in liver B. Prostacyclin in vascular endothelium C. Cyclic AMP in platelets D. Thromboxane A2 in platelets
Last Answer : D. Thromboxane A2 in platelets
Description : Low doses of aspirin prolong bleeding time by selectively inhibiting synthesis of the following mediator in the platelets: A. Thromboxane A2 B. 5-Hydroxytryptamine C. Platelet activating factor D. Prostacyclin
Last Answer : A. Thromboxane
Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the vascular response to injury? a. Vasoconstriction is an early event in the response to injury b. Vasodilatation is a ... Histamine, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and prostacyclin (PGI2) are important mediators of local vasoconstriction
Last Answer : Answer: a After wounding, there is transient vasoconstriction mediated by catecholamines, thromboxane, and prostaglandin F2 (PGF2a). This period of vasoconstriction lasts for only five to ten minutes. Once ... and mast cells and enhance the egress of cells and substrate into the wound and tissue
Description : The cyclooxygenase isoenzymes COX-1 and COX-2 differ from each other in that (a) They catalyse different pathways in prostanoid biosynthesis (b) COX–1 is inhibited by aspirin but not COX–2 (c) COX–2 is inhibited by ibuprofen but not COX–1 (d) COX–1 is constitutive while COX–2 is inducible
Description : Ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction involves the mediation of: A. Angiotensin II B. Prostaglandin C. Bradykinin D. Thromboxane A2
Last Answer : A. Angiotensin II
Description : Dilatation of the peripheral arterial blood vessels can be caused by: a. thromboxane A2 b. adenosine diphosphate c. endothelin d. prostaglandins
Last Answer : prostaglandins
Description : Cervical priming with prostaglandin results in (a) Facilitation of sperm movement through cervical canal (b) Increased cervical tone (c) Softening of cervix (d) Increased cervical secretions
Description : In addition to their ability to decrease inflammatory prostaglandin synthesis, some non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may owe part of their effects to their ability to (a) Inhibit leukocyte migration (b ... (c) Stabilize lysosmal membranes (d) All of the above (e) None of the above
Description : Which of the following prostaglandin analogs is used specifically for the treatment of NSAID induced gastrointestinal ulcertation? (a) Alprostadil (b) Misoprostol (c) Carboprost (d) Dinoprostone (e) Epoprostenol
Last Answer : Ans: B
Description : Inflammation is a complex tissue reaction that includes the release of cytokines, leukotrienes, prostaglandins, and peptides. Prostaglandins involved in inflammatory processes are produced from arachidonic acid by (a) ... 2 (c) Glutathione - S - transferase (d) Lipoxygenase (e) Phospholipase A2
Description : True statements regarding eicosanoids include which of the following? A. Prostaglandins and thromboxanes are synthesized via the cyclo-oxygenase pathway. B. The vasoconstricting, platelet-aggregating, ... prostaglandins have a short circulation half-life and exert most of their effects locally.
Last Answer : Answer: ABD DISCUSSION: The eicosanoids are a group of compounds arising from the metabolism of arachidonic acid. The prostaglandins and thromboxanes are synthesized via the cyclo-oxygenase ... effects and may be involved in the physiologic responses associated with anaphylactic and septic shock
Description : Actions of prostaglandin E2 include the following except: A. Fall in blood pressure B. Bronchoconstriction C. Uterine contraction D. Inhibition of gastric acid secretion
Last Answer : B. Bronchoconstriction
Description : Insulin - (1) increases blood sugar (2) decreases blood sugar (3) constricts blood vessels (4) stimulates lactation
Last Answer : (2) decreases blood sugar Explanation: Insulin is central to regulating carbohydrate and fat metabolism in the body. It stops the use of fat as an energy source by inhibiting the release of glucagon. It removes excess glucose from the blood, which otherwise would be toxic.
Description : Insulin : (1) increases blood sugar (2) decreases blood sugar (3) constricts blood vessels (4) stimulates lactation
Last Answer : decreases blood sugar
Description : The following are true about chemicals involved in allergic reaction: a. thromboxane -leukocyte activation b. prostaglandin-2 - vasodilatation c. platelet-activating factor - leukocyte activation d. heparin - augments inactivation of prostaglandins
Last Answer : prostaglandin-2 - vasodilatation
Description : Which of the following regarding thromboxane A2 is true? C A. It degrades basement membranes B. It is produced via the lipoxygenase pathway C. It stimulates platelet aggregation D. None of these
Last Answer : It stimulates platelet aggregation
Description : Thromboxane A2(TXA2): a. is derived from the membrane phospholipid b. its production is decreased by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs c. causes platelet aggregation d. all above
Last Answer : all above
Description : Choose the correct statement about ticlopidine: A. It blocks GPIIb/IIIa receptors on platelet membrane B. It prevents ADP mediated platelet adenylylcyclase inhibition C. It inhibits thromboxane A2 synthesis in platelets D. It does not prolong bleeding time
Last Answer : B. It prevents ADP mediated platelet adenylylcyclase inhibition
Description : Selective inhibition of thromboxane A2 synthesis by low dose aspirin therapy might retard the progression of: A. Pregnancy induced hypertension B. Steroid induced hypertension C. Renal hypertension D. Malignant hypertension
Last Answer : A. Pregnancy induced hypertension
Description : Select the drug that has been used to suppress labour: A. Atropine B. Ritodrine C. Prostaglandin E2 D. Progesterone
Last Answer : B. Ritodrine
Description : The drug of choice for controlling postpartum haemorrhage is: A. Oxytocin B. Methylergometrine C. Dihydroergotamine D. Prostaglandin E2
Last Answer : B. Methylergometrine
Description : Prolonged airway hyperreactivity is characteristically caused by: A. Histamine B. Prostaglandin E2 C. Platelet activating factor D. Bradykinin
Last Answer : C. Platelet activating factor
Description : The following drug is used for cervical priming to facilitate labour: A. Oxytocin B. Clomiphene C. Progesterone D. Prostaglandin E2
Last Answer : D. Prostaglandin E2
Description : Tachyphylaxis to many actions on repeated injection is a feature of the following autacoid: A. Histamine B. 5-Hydroxytryptamine C. Bradykinin D. Prostaglandin E2
Last Answer : B. 5-Hydroxytryptamine
Description : Aspirin reduces fever by (a) Decreasing heat production in the body (b) Enhancing cutaneous blood flow (c) Inducing sweating (d) Both (b) and (c)
Description : The following adverse effect of corticosteroids is due to their mineralocorticoid action (a) Osteoporosis (b) Rise in blood pressure (c) Moon face (d) Increased susceptibility to infection
Description : A very common side effect of morphine is (a) Allergic response (b) Blood dyscrasias (c) Constipation (d) Liver damage (e) Visceral pain
Description : Colchicine is used mainly to treat (a) Gout (b) Arthiritis (c) Diabetes (d) Carcinomas (e) High blood pressure
Last Answer : Ans: A
Description : Acute or chronic colchicine toxicity may be identified by which of the following signs/symptoms? (a) Alopecia (b) Blood dyscrasias (c) Severe gastrointestinal upset (d) All of the above (e) None of the above
Description : A drug that decreases blood pressure and has analgesic and spasmolytic effects when given intrathecally is (a) Atenolol (b) Clonidine (c) Morphine (d) Nitroprusside (e) Prazosin
Description : Biologically active metabolites of arachidonic acid include all of the following EXCEPT: C A. Leukotrienes B. Thyromboxane A2 C. Complement D. Prostaglandin
Last Answer : Complement
Description : Generally the earliest manifestation of salicylism is (a) Visual disturbance (b) Excitement (c) Hyperventillation (d) Tinnitus
Description : In the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases, the most important limitation of aspirin is (a) Acid – base and electrolytc disturbances (b) Hypersensitivity and idiosyncratic reactions (c) Gastric mucosal damage (d) Salicylism
Description : Aspirin produces analgesia by (a) Preventing sensitization of peripheral pain receptors (b) Affecting gating of pain impulses at spinal level (c) Raising pain threshold at subcortical level (d) Both (a) and (b)
Description : The distinctive feature of the isoenzyme cyclooxygenase-2 is (a) It is not inhibited by indomethacin (b) It is inducible (c) It generates cytoprotective prostagladins in gastric mucosa (d) It is found only in foetal tissues
Description : Following mediators are involved in acute inflammation except (a) Histamine (b) Leukotrienes (c) Interferons (d) Bradykinin
Description : Lower dose of naloxone is required to (a) Antagonise the actions of nalorphine (b) Antagonise the actions of pentazocine (c) Precipitate withdrawal in mildly morphine dependent subjects (d) Precipitate withdrawal in highly morphine dependent subjects
Description : Which action of morphine is incompletely reversed by naloxone ? (a) Analgesia (b) Respiratory depression (c) Sedation (d) Miosis
Description : Pentazocine differs from morphine in that (a) It is inactive by the oral route (b) It does not produce physical dependence (c) It has a lower ceiling of analgesic effect (d) Its action is not blocked by naloxone