Lower dose of naloxone is required to (a) Antagonise the actions of nalorphine (b) Antagonise the actions of pentazocine (c) Precipitate withdrawal in mildly morphine dependent subjects (d) Precipitate withdrawal in highly morphine dependent subjects

Lower dose of naloxone is required to (a) Antagonise the actions of nalorphine (b) Antagonise the actions of pentazocine (c) Precipitate withdrawal in mildly morphine dependent subjects (d) Precipitate withdrawal in highly morphine dependent subjects
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Lower dose of naloxone is required to: A. Antagonise the actions of nalorphine B. Antagonise the actions of pentazocine C. Precipitate withdrawal in mildly morphine dependent subjects D. Precipitate withdrawal in highly morphine dependent subjects

Description : Lower dose of naloxone is required to: A. Antagonise the actions of nalorphine B. Antagonise the actions of pentazocine C. Precipitate withdrawal in mildly morphine dependent subjects D. Precipitate withdrawal in highly morphine dependent subjects

Last Answer : D. Precipitate withdrawal in highly morphine dependent subjects

Pentazocine differs from morphine in that (a) It is inactive by the oral route (b) It does not produce physical dependence (c) It has a lower ceiling of analgesic effect (d) Its action is not blocked by naloxone

Description : Pentazocine differs from morphine in that (a) It is inactive by the oral route (b) It does not produce physical dependence (c) It has a lower ceiling of analgesic effect (d) Its action is not blocked by naloxone

Last Answer : Ans: C

Which action of morphine is incompletely reversed by naloxone ? (a) Analgesia (b) Respiratory depression (c) Sedation (d) Miosis

Description : Which action of morphine is incompletely reversed by naloxone ? (a) Analgesia (b) Respiratory depression (c) Sedation (d) Miosis

Last Answer : Ans: C

Pentazocine differs from morphine in that: A. It is inactive by the oral route B. It does not produce physical dependence C. It has a lower ceiling of analgesic effect D. Its action is not blocked by naloxone

Description : Pentazocine differs from morphine in that: A. It is inactive by the oral route B. It does not produce physical dependence C. It has a lower ceiling of analgesic effect D. Its action is not blocked by naloxone

Last Answer : C. It has a lower ceiling of analgesic effec

Which one of the following statements about dextromethorphan is accurate? (a) Activates kappa receptors (b) Analgesia equivalent to pentazocine (c) Highly effective antiemetic (d) Less constipation than codeine (e) Use requires a prescription

Description : Which one of the following statements about dextromethorphan is accurate? (a) Activates kappa receptors (b) Analgesia equivalent to pentazocine (c) Highly effective antiemetic (d) Less constipation than codeine (e) Use requires a prescription

Last Answer : Ans: D

This drug, which does not activate opioid receptors, has been proposed as a maintenance drug in treatment programs for opioid addicts; a singly oral dose will block the effects of injected heroin for up to 48 hours (a) Amphetamine (b) Buprenorphine (c) Naloxone (d) Naltrexone (e) Propoxyphene

Description : This drug, which does not activate opioid receptors, has been proposed as a maintenance drug in treatment programs for opioid addicts; a singly oral dose will block the effects of injected heroin for up to 48 hours (a) Amphetamine (b) Buprenorphine (c) Naloxone (d) Naltrexone (e) Propoxyphene

Last Answer : Ans: D

Choose the correct statement about pentazocine: A. It causes bradycardia and fall in blood pressure B. Its subjective effects are pleasurable at low doses but turn unpleasant at high doses C. It induces vomiting frequently D. It substitutes for morphine in dependent subjects

Description : Choose the correct statement about pentazocine: A. It causes bradycardia and fall in blood pressure B. Its subjective effects are pleasurable at low doses but turn unpleasant at high doses C. It induces vomiting frequently D. It substitutes for morphine in dependent subjects

Last Answer : B. Its subjective effects are pleasurable at low doses but turn unpleasant at high doses

The antidote of choice for morphine poisoning is: A. Nalorphine B. Nalbuphine C. Naltrexone D. Naloxone

Description : The antidote of choice for morphine poisoning is: A. Nalorphine B. Nalbuphine C. Naltrexone D. Naloxone

Last Answer : D. Naloxone

The distinctive feature(s) of methadone compared to morphine is/are: A. High oral bioavailability B. High plasma protein and tissue binding C. Delayed and milder withdrawal symptoms in dependent subjects D. All of the above

Description : The distinctive feature(s) of methadone compared to morphine is/are: A. High oral bioavailability B. High plasma protein and tissue binding C. Delayed and milder withdrawal symptoms in dependent subjects D. All of the above

Last Answer : D. All of the above

Which of the following is an agonistantagonist type of opioid analgesic (a) Pethidine (b) Pentazocine (c) Fentanyl (d) Buprenorphine

Description : Which of the following is an agonistantagonist type of opioid analgesic (a) Pethidine (b) Pentazocine (c) Fentanyl (d) Buprenorphine

Last Answer : Ans: B

Select the opioid antagonist that is preferred for long term opioid blockade therapy of post addicts: A. Nalorphine B. Naloxone C. Naltrexone D. Nalbuphine

Description : Select the opioid antagonist that is preferred for long term opioid blockade therapy of post addicts: A. Nalorphine B. Naloxone C. Naltrexone D. Nalbuphine

Last Answer : C. Naltrexone

Morphine has high affinity for the following opioid receptor(s). (a) µ (Mu) (b) k (Kappa) (c) d (Delta) (d) All of the above

Description : Morphine has high affinity for the following opioid receptor(s). (a) µ (Mu) (b) k (Kappa) (c) d (Delta) (d) All of the above

Last Answer : Ans: A

Which of the following opioids is more potent than morphine ? (a) Pethidine (b) Fentanyl (c) Dextropropoxyphene (d) Tramadol

Description : Which of the following opioids is more potent than morphine ? (a) Pethidine (b) Fentanyl (c) Dextropropoxyphene (d) Tramadol

Last Answer : Ans: B

Morphine is contraindicated in head injury because (a) It does not relieve the pain of head injury (b) It can raise intracranial tension (c) It can cause constipation (d) It is liable to cause addiction

Description : Morphine is contraindicated in head injury because (a) It does not relieve the pain of head injury (b) It can raise intracranial tension (c) It can cause constipation (d) It is liable to cause addiction

Last Answer : Ans: B

Morphine dependence is characterized by (a) Marked drug seeking behavior (b) Physical dependence without psychic dependence (c) Physical as well as psychic dependence (d) Both (a) and (c)

Description : Morphine dependence is characterized by (a) Marked drug seeking behavior (b) Physical dependence without psychic dependence (c) Physical as well as psychic dependence (d) Both (a) and (c)

Last Answer : Ans: D

In a comatose patient suspected of poisoning, which of the following findings would be against the drug being morphine (a) Selegiline (b) Chlorgiline (c) Moclobemide (d) Tranylcypromine

Description : In a comatose patient suspected of poisoning, which of the following findings would be against the drug being morphine (a) Selegiline (b) Chlorgiline (c) Moclobemide (d) Tranylcypromine

Last Answer : Ans: A

Instead of depressing, morphine stimulates (a) Vasomotor centre (b) Edinger westphal nucleus (c) Temperature regulating centre (d) Cough centre

Description : Instead of depressing, morphine stimulates (a) Vasomotor centre (b) Edinger westphal nucleus (c) Temperature regulating centre (d) Cough centre

Last Answer : Ans: B

In man sedation caused by morphine is characterized by (a) Initial excitement (b) Little or no motor incoordination (c) Rise in seizure threshold (d) All of the above

Description : In man sedation caused by morphine is characterized by (a) Initial excitement (b) Little or no motor incoordination (c) Rise in seizure threshold (d) All of the above

Last Answer : Ans: B

Morphine produces analgesia by acting at (a) Peripheral pain receptors (b) A spinal site (c) Suspraspinal sites (d) Both (b) and (c)

Description : Morphine produces analgesia by acting at (a) Peripheral pain receptors (b) A spinal site (c) Suspraspinal sites (d) Both (b) and (c)

Last Answer : Ans: B

A very common side effect of morphine is (a) Allergic response (b) Blood dyscrasias (c) Constipation (d) Liver damage (e) Visceral pain

Description : A very common side effect of morphine is (a) Allergic response (b) Blood dyscrasias (c) Constipation (d) Liver damage (e) Visceral pain

Last Answer : Ans: C

The greatest threat from morphine poisoning is (a) Renal shutdown (b) Paralysis of spinal cord (c) Respiratory depression (d) Cardiovascular collapse (e) None of the above

Description : The greatest threat from morphine poisoning is (a) Renal shutdown (b) Paralysis of spinal cord (c) Respiratory depression (d) Cardiovascular collapse (e) None of the above

Last Answer : Ans: C

The emetic action of morphine is due to (a) Irritation of gastrointestinal tract (b) Stimulation of cerebral cortex (c) Stimulation of medullary vomiting center (d) Stimulation of emetic chemoreceptor trigger zone (e) None of the above

Description : The emetic action of morphine is due to (a) Irritation of gastrointestinal tract (b) Stimulation of cerebral cortex (c) Stimulation of medullary vomiting center (d) Stimulation of emetic chemoreceptor trigger zone (e) None of the above

Last Answer : Ans: D

Which of the following narcotics has the longest duration of effect? (a) Methadone (b) Controlled-release morphine (c) Levorphanol (d) Transdermal fentanyl (e) Dihydromorphone

Description : Which of the following narcotics has the longest duration of effect? (a) Methadone (b) Controlled-release morphine (c) Levorphanol (d) Transdermal fentanyl (e) Dihydromorphone

Last Answer : Ans: D

A drug that decreases blood pressure and has analgesic and spasmolytic effects when given intrathecally is (a) Atenolol (b) Clonidine (c) Morphine (d) Nitroprusside (e) Prazosin

Description : A drug that decreases blood pressure and has analgesic and spasmolytic effects when given intrathecally is (a) Atenolol (b) Clonidine (c) Morphine (d) Nitroprusside (e) Prazosin

Last Answer : Ans: B

Opioid analgesics are either contraindicated or must be used with extreme caution in several clinical situations. For morphine, such situations do not include (a) Aqueous diffusion (b) Aqueous hydrolysis (c) Lipid diffusion (d) Pinocytosis or endocytosis (e) Special carrier transport

Description : Opioid analgesics are either contraindicated or must be used with extreme caution in several clinical situations. For morphine, such situations do not include (a) Aqueous diffusion (b) Aqueous hydrolysis (c) Lipid diffusion (d) Pinocytosis or endocytosis (e) Special carrier transport

Last Answer : Ans: E

The following statement is true about endogenous opioid peptides: A. They activate only μ opioid recepors B. They do not occur in peripheral tissues C. They mediate stress induced analgesia D. Naloxone fails to antagonise their actio

Description : The following statement is true about endogenous opioid peptides: A. They activate only μ opioid recepors B. They do not occur in peripheral tissues C. They mediate stress induced analgesia D. Naloxone fails to antagonise their actio

Last Answer : C. They mediate stress induced analgesia

Nalorphine is nearly equipotent analgesic as morphine, but is not used clinically as an analgesic because: A. It causes more marked respiratory depression B. It has higher abuse potential C. It antagonises the action of morphine D. It produces prominent dysphoric effects

Description : Nalorphine is nearly equipotent analgesic as morphine, but is not used clinically as an analgesic because: A. It causes more marked respiratory depression B. It has higher abuse potential C. It antagonises the action of morphine D. It produces prominent dysphoric effects

Last Answer : D. It produces prominent dysphoric effects

The subjective effects of morphine include the following except: A. Dysphoria in many uninitiated individuals B. Euphoria in dependent subjects C. Visual hallucinations D. Detachment to self and surrounding

Description : The subjective effects of morphine include the following except: A. Dysphoria in many uninitiated individuals B. Euphoria in dependent subjects C. Visual hallucinations D. Detachment to self and surrounding

Last Answer : C. Visual hallucination

Indicate the opioid analgesic that is used as transdermal patch for chronic and cancer pain: A. Morphine B. Pentazocine C. Fentanyl D. Tramadol

Description : Indicate the opioid analgesic that is used as transdermal patch for chronic and cancer pain: A. Morphine B. Pentazocine C. Fentanyl D. Tramadol

Last Answer : The distinctive feature(s) of methadone compared to morphine is/are: A. High oral bioavailability B. High plasma protein and tissue binding C. Delayed and milder withdrawal symptoms in dependent subjects D. All of the above

Which of the following compounds is most likely to lower circulating levels of leukotrienes? (a) Zileuton (b) Montelukast (c) Carprofen (d) Aspirin (e) Allopurinol

Description : Which of the following compounds is most likely to lower circulating levels of leukotrienes? (a) Zileuton (b) Montelukast (c) Carprofen (d) Aspirin (e) Allopurinol

Last Answer : Ans: A

The primary objective for designing drugs that selectively inhibit COX – 2 is to (a) Decrease the risk of nephrotoxicity (b) Improve anti-inflammatory effectiveness (c) Lower the risk of gastrointestinal toxicity (d) Reduce the cost of treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (e) Selectively decrease thromboxane A2 without effects on other eicosanoids

Description : The primary objective for designing drugs that selectively inhibit COX - 2 is to (a) Decrease the risk of nephrotoxicity (b) Improve anti-inflammatory effectiveness (c) Lower the ... of treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (e) Selectively decrease thromboxane A2 without effects on other eicosanoids

Last Answer : Ans: C

What is true of tolerance occurring in regular opium abusers: A. Tolerance develops to all actions of morphine B. No tolerance occurs to euphoric and sedative actions of morphine C. No tolerance occurs to constipating and miotic actions of morphine D. Lethal dose of morphine is not significantly increased

Description : What is true of tolerance occurring in regular opium abusers: A. Tolerance develops to all actions of morphine B. No tolerance occurs to euphoric and sedative actions of morphine C. No ... to constipating and miotic actions of morphine D. Lethal dose of morphine is not significantly increased

Last Answer : C. No tolerance occurs to constipating and miotic actions of morphine

Patient with morphine coma; what is the medication of choice to reverse its act: a. Bradykinin. b. Epinephrine. c. Amphetamine. d. Naloxone.

Description : Patient with morphine coma; what is the medication of choice to reverse its act: a. Bradykinin. b. Epinephrine. c. Amphetamine. d. Naloxone.

Last Answer : d. Naloxone.

In patients with morphine coma, what is the medication of choice to reverse its act: A. Bradykinin B. Epinephrine C. Amphetamine D. Naloxone

Description : In patients with morphine coma, what is the medication of choice to reverse its act: A. Bradykinin B. Epinephrine C. Amphetamine D. Naloxone

Last Answer : D. Naloxone

Which action of morphine is incompletely reversed by naloxone: A. Analgesia B. Respiratory depression C. Sedation D. Miosis

Description : Which action of morphine is incompletely reversed by naloxone: A. Analgesia B. Respiratory depression C. Sedation D. Miosis

Last Answer : C. Sedation

The following is true of buprenorphine: A. It is an agonist-antagonist type of opioid analgesic B. Its subjective effects are different from those of morphine C. Naloxone is largely ineffective in reversing its effects D. It produces mydriasis

Description : The following is true of buprenorphine: A. It is an agonist-antagonist type of opioid analgesic B. Its subjective effects are different from those of morphine C. Naloxone is largely ineffective in reversing its effects D. It produces mydriasis

Last Answer : C. Naloxone is largely ineffective in reversing its effects

If the dose-response curves of a drug for producing different actions are widely separated on the dose axis, the drug is: A. Highly potent B. Highly efficacious C. Highly toxic D. Highly selective

Description : If the dose-response curves of a drug for producing different actions are widely separated on the dose axis, the drug is: A. Highly potent B. Highly efficacious C. Highly toxic D. Highly selective

Last Answer : D. Highly selective

If the dose-response curves of a drug for producing different actions are widely separated on the dose axis, the drug is: A. Highly potent B. Highly efficacious C. Highly toxic D. Highly selective

Description : If the dose-response curves of a drug for producing different actions are widely separated on the dose axis, the drug is: A. Highly potent B. Highly efficacious C. Highly toxic D. Highly selective

Last Answer : D. Highly selective

Which of the following categories of medications may result in seizure activity if withdrawn suddenly? a) Tranquilizers Abrupt withdrawal of tranquilizers may result in anxiety, tension, and even seizures if withdrawn suddenly. b) Adrenal corticosteroids Abrupt withdrawal of steroids may precipitate cardiovascular collapse. c) Antidepressants Monoamine oxidase inhibitors increase the hypotensive effects of anesthetics. d) Diuretics Thiazide diuretics may cause excessive respiratory depression during anesthesia due to an associated electrolyte imbalance.

Description : Which of the following categories of medications may result in seizure activity if withdrawn suddenly? a) Tranquilizers Abrupt withdrawal of tranquilizers may result in anxiety, tension, ... may cause excessive respiratory depression during anesthesia due to an associated electrolyte imbalance.

Last Answer : a) Tranquilizers Abrupt withdrawal of tranquilizers may result in anxiety, tension, and even seizures if withdrawn suddenly.

Hydrochloric acid is __________ corrosive to common metals. (A) Least (B) Not (C) Mildly (D) Highly

Description : Hydrochloric acid is __________ corrosive to common metals. (A) Least (B) Not (C) Mildly (D) Highly

Last Answer : (D) Highly

Crystallisation of solids from a homogeneous solution is a/an __________ process. (A) Exothermic (B) Mildly endothermic (C) Highly endothermic (D) None of these

Description : Crystallisation of solids from a homogeneous solution is a/an __________ process. (A) Exothermic (B) Mildly endothermic (C) Highly endothermic (D) None of these

Last Answer : (A) Exothermic

The principles of antihypertensive drug usage enunciated in JNC VI and WHO-ISH guidelines include the following except: A. Therapy for grade I and II hypertension should be initiated with a single drug B. Dose of thiazide diuretic should be 12.5-25 mg hydrochlorothiazide or equivalent per day C. All subjects with BP higher than 140/90 mmHg should be put on antihypertensive medication immediately D. If the drug chosen initially fails to lower BP, it should be replaced by a drug/combination from another class

Description : The principles of antihypertensive drug usage enunciated in JNC VI and WHO-ISH guidelines include the following except: A. Therapy for grade I and II hypertension should be initiated with a single drug ... initially fails to lower BP, it should be replaced by a drug/combination from another class

Last Answer : C. All subjects with BP higher than 140/90 mmHg should be put on antihypertensive medication immediately

Generally the earliest manifestation of salicylism is (a) Visual disturbance (b) Excitement (c) Hyperventillation (d) Tinnitus

Description : Generally the earliest manifestation of salicylism is (a) Visual disturbance (b) Excitement (c) Hyperventillation (d) Tinnitus

Last Answer : Ans: D

In the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases, the most important limitation of aspirin is (a) Acid – base and electrolytc disturbances (b) Hypersensitivity and idiosyncratic reactions (c) Gastric mucosal damage (d) Salicylism

Description : In the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases, the most important limitation of aspirin is (a) Acid – base and electrolytc disturbances (b) Hypersensitivity and idiosyncratic reactions (c) Gastric mucosal damage (d) Salicylism

Last Answer : Ans: C

Aspirin reduces fever by (a) Decreasing heat production in the body (b) Enhancing cutaneous blood flow (c) Inducing sweating (d) Both (b) and (c)

Description : Aspirin reduces fever by (a) Decreasing heat production in the body (b) Enhancing cutaneous blood flow (c) Inducing sweating (d) Both (b) and (c)

Last Answer : Ans: D

Aspirin produces analgesia by (a) Preventing sensitization of peripheral pain receptors (b) Affecting gating of pain impulses at spinal level (c) Raising pain threshold at subcortical level (d) Both (a) and (b)

Description : Aspirin produces analgesia by (a) Preventing sensitization of peripheral pain receptors (b) Affecting gating of pain impulses at spinal level (c) Raising pain threshold at subcortical level (d) Both (a) and (b)

Last Answer : Ans: D

The distinctive feature of the isoenzyme cyclooxygenase-2 is (a) It is not inhibited by indomethacin (b) It is inducible (c) It generates cytoprotective prostagladins in gastric mucosa (d) It is found only in foetal tissues

Description : The distinctive feature of the isoenzyme cyclooxygenase-2 is (a) It is not inhibited by indomethacin (b) It is inducible (c) It generates cytoprotective prostagladins in gastric mucosa (d) It is found only in foetal tissues

Last Answer : Ans: B

Following mediators are involved in acute inflammation except (a) Histamine (b) Leukotrienes (c) Interferons (d) Bradykinin

Description : Following mediators are involved in acute inflammation except (a) Histamine (b) Leukotrienes (c) Interferons (d) Bradykinin

Last Answer : Ans: C

An opioid analgesic is preferred over aspirin like analgesic in the following condition. (a) Acute gout (b) Burn (c) Toothache (d) Neuralgia

Description : An opioid analgesic is preferred over aspirin like analgesic in the following condition. (a) Acute gout (b) Burn (c) Toothache (d) Neuralgia

Last Answer : Ans: B

Select the analgesic which acts through opioids as well as additional spinal monoaminergic mechanisms. (a) Tramadol (b) Ethoheptazine (c) Dextropropoxyphene (d) Alfentanil

Description : Select the analgesic which acts through opioids as well as additional spinal monoaminergic mechanisms. (a) Tramadol (b) Ethoheptazine (c) Dextropropoxyphene (d) Alfentanil

Last Answer : Ans: A