Description : Mineralocorticoids increase the tubular reabsorption of (A) Sodium and calcium (B) Sodium and potassium (C) Sodium and chloride (D) Potassium and chloride 224 MCQs IN BIOCHEMISTRY
Last Answer : Answer : C
Description : Renal ricket is caused by renal tubular defect (usually inherited) which interferes with reabsorption of (A) Calcium (B) Phosphorous (C) Sodium (D) Chloride
Last Answer : Answer : B
Description : The following are true about aldosterone: a. it is secreted by the adrenal medulla b. its secretion is stimulated by decreased blood volume c. it stimulates active reabsorption of sodium in the distal renal tubules. d. it causes increased secretion of potassium by the distal renal tubules.
Last Answer : it causes increased secretion of potassium by the distal renal tubules.
Description : Which of the following would help in prevention of diuresis? (a) More water reabsorption due to undersecretion of ADH. (b) Reabsorption of Na+ and water from renal tubules due to ... Atrial natriuretic factor causes vasoconstriction. (d) Decrease in secretion of renin by JG cells. (NEE
Last Answer : (b) Reabsorption of Na+ and water from renal tubules due to aldosterone.
Description : Inulin clearance is a measure of (A) Glomerular filtration rate (B) Tubular secretion flow (C) Tubular reabsorption rate (D) Renal plasma flow
Description : Which of the following causes an increase in sodium reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule? (a) Increase in aldosterone levels (b) Increase in antidiuretic hormone levels (c) Decrease in aldosterone levels (d) Decrease in antidiuretic hormone levels
Last Answer : (a) Increase in aldosterone levels
Description : An important finding in glycinuria is (A) Excess excretion of oxalate in the urine (B) Deficiency of enzyme glycinase (C) Significantly increased serum glycine level (D) Defect in renal tubular reabsorption of glycine
Last Answer : Answer : D
Description : Mineralocorticoids increase the tubular secretion of (A) Sodium (B) Potassium (C) Chloride (D) Bicarbonate
Description : An inherited or acquired renal tubular defect in the reabsorption of phosphate (Vit D resistant ricket) is characterized with (A) Normal serum Phosphate (B) High serum phosphate (C ... blood phosphorous with elevated alkaline Phosphate (D) A high blood phosphorous with decreased alkaline phosphatase
Description : Phlorizin inhibits (A) Renal tubular reabsorption of glucose (B) Glycolysis (C) Gluconeogenesis (D) Glycogenolysis
Last Answer : Answer : A
Description : Para-amino hippurate excretion test is an indicator of (A) Glomerular filtration (B) Tubular secretion (C) Tubular reabsorption (D) Renal plasma flow
Description : Phenolsulphonephthalein excretion test is an indicator of (A) Glomerular filtration (B) Tubular secretion (C) Tubular reabsorption (D) Renal blood low
Description : Renal glycosuria occurs due to (A) Increased filtration of glucose in glomeruli (B) Increased secretion of glucose by renal tubular cells (C) Decreased reabsorption of glucose by renal tubular cells (D) Increased conversion of glycogen into glucose in tubular cells
Description : Thiazide diuretics enhance K+ elimination in urine primarily by: A. Inhibiting proximal tubular K+ reabsorption B. Inhibiting Na+ K+-2Cl- cotransport in the ascending limb of loop of Henle C ... in the distal tubular fluid to exchange with interstitial K+ D. Potentiating the action of aldosterone
Last Answer : C. Increasing the availability of Na+ in the distal tubular fluid to exchange with interstitial K
Description : Aldosterone increases Na+ reabsorption and K+ excretion in the renal collecting duct cells by: A. Inducing synthesis of Na+K+ATPase B. Inducing synthesis of amiloride sensitive Na+ channels C. Translocating Na+ channels from cytosolic site to luminal membrane D. All of the above
Last Answer : D. All of the above
Description : Aldosterone enhances Na+ reabsorption in renal tubules by: A. Stimulating carbonic anhydrase B. Activating Na+ K+ ATPase C. Inducing the synthesis of Na+ K+ ATPase D. Inducing renal prostaglandin synthesis
Last Answer : C. Inducing the synthesis of Na+ K+ ATPase
Description : Thiazide diuretics inhibit (A) Carbonic anhydrase (B) Aldosterone secretion (C) ADH secretion (D) Sodium reabsorption in distal tubules
Description : Aldosterone increases reabsorption of sodium in (A) Proximal convoluted tubules (B) Ascending limb of loop of Henle (C) Descending limb of loop of Henle (D) Distal convoluted tubules
Description : All the following statements about renal tubular acidosis are correct except (A) Renal tubules may be unable to reabsorb bicarbonate (B) Renal tubules may be unable to secrete hydrogen ions (C) Plasma chloride is elevated (D) Anion gap is decreased
Description : An early feature of renal disease is (A) Impairment of the capacity of the tubule to perform osmotic work (B) Decrease in maximal tubular excretory capacity (C) Decrease in filtration factor (D) Decrease in renal plasma flow
Last Answer : A
Description : Aldosterone: a. increases mRNA synthesis b. deficiency results in hypotension c. increases sodium reabsorption from sweat d. all above
Last Answer : all above
Description : One of the potent st imu lators of aldosterone secretion is (A) Increased sodium concentration (B) Decreased potassium concentration (C) Increased potassium concentration (D) Increased ECF volume
Description : Furosemide inhibits reabsorption of sodium and chloride in (A) Proximal convoluted tubules (B) Loop of Henle (C) Distal convoluted tubules (D) Collecting ducts
Description : he following is true of nifedipine except: A. It can aggravate urine voiding difficulty in elderly males with prostatic hypertrophy B. It promotes Na+ retention by a renal tubular action to ... release from pancreas D. At high doses it can paradoxically increase the frequency of angina pectori
Last Answer : B. It promotes Na+ retention by a renal tubular action to cause ankle oedema as side effect
Description : Increased reabsorption of water from the kidney is the major consequence of which of the following hormones? (A) Cortisol (B) Insulin (C) Vasopressin (D) Aldosterone
Description : Increased reabsorption of water from the kidney is the major consequence of the secretion of the hormone? (A) Cortisol (B) Insulin (C) Vasopressin (D) Aldosterone
Description : The Tm for PAH i.e the maximal secretory capacity of the tubule for PAH can be used to gavge the (A) Extent of tubular damage FATS AND FATTY ACID METABOLISM 81 (B) Impairment of the capacity of the tubule to perform osmotic work (C) Impairment of renal plasma flow (D) Glomerular filtration rate
Description : Creatinine EDTA clearance is a test to measure (A) Renal plasma flow (B) Filtration fraction (C) Glomerular filtration rate (D) Tubular function
Description : Measurement of insulin clearance test is a measure of (A) Glomerular filtration rate (B) Filtration factor (C) Renal plasma flow (D) Tubular secretory mass
Description : Urea clearance test is used to determine the (A) Glomerular filtration rate (B) Renal plasma flow (C) Ability of kidney to concentrate the urine (D) Measurement of tubular mass
Description : Obligatory reabsorption of water (A) Is about 50% of the total tubular reabsorption of water (B) Is increased by antidiuretic hormone (C) Occurs in distal convoluted tubules (D) Is secondary to reabsorption of solutes
Description : Insulin decreases (A) Glycogenesis (B) Glyolysis (C) Gluconeogenesis (D) Tubular reabsorption of glucose
Description : PTH causes all of the following except (A) Increased intestinal absorption of calcium (B) Increased intestinal absorption of phosphate (C) Increased tubular reabsorption of calcium (D) Increased tubular reabsorption of phosphate
Description : Tubular reabsorption of calcium is increased by (A) Cholecalciferol (B) 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol (C) Calcitriol (D) All of these
Description : Which of the following statements are true of a patient with hyperglycemia and hyponatremia? A. The sodium concentration must be corrected by 5 mEq. per 100 mg. per 100 ml. elevation in blood ... . E. Early in treatment adequate urine output is a reliable measure of adequate volume resuscitation.
Last Answer : Answer: D DISCUSSION: Each 100-mg. per 100 ml. elevation in blood glucose causes a fall in serum sodium concentration of approximately 2 mEq. per liter. Excess serum glucose ... correction of the patient's associated acidosis produce movement of potassium ions into the intracellular compartment
Description : A 15-year-old girl was seen by her family physician because of increasing lethargy. She had a recent history of the "flu". Biochemistry tests show that she has renal impairement. ... will likely develop a restrictive lung disease 5) She will probably improve with additional corticosteroid therapy
Last Answer : Answers-2 The findings point to focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), which leads to chronic renal failure in half of cases. The lack of resolution with corticosteroid therapy and the progression to chronic renal failure is what sets FSGS apart from minimal change disease.
Description : Hypolipidemic drugs reduce serum cholesterol and triacylglycerol. The effect of clofibrate is attributed to (A) Block in absorption from G.I.T. (B) Decrease in secretion of triacylglycerol and cholesterol ... by liver (C) Block in the reabsorption of bile acids (D) Decreased synthesis of cholesterol
Description : Aldosterone secretion is controlled by: a. plasma sodium concentration b. plasma calcium concentration c. plasma potassium concentration d. angiotensin II
Last Answer : angiotensin II
Description : The most important reason for the thiazides being only moderately efficacious diuretics is: A. About 9/10th of glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed proximal to their site of action B. Compensatory ... these drugs C. They decrease glomerular filtration D. They have relatively flat dose response curve
Last Answer : A. About 9/10th of glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed proximal to their site of action
Description : Assertion `:-` Angiotensin II, activates the adrenall cortex to release aldosterone. Reason `:-` Aldosterone causes reabsorption of `Na^(o+)` and wate
Last Answer : Assertion `:-` Angiotensin II, activates the adrenall cortex to release aldosterone. Reason `:-` ... D. If both Assertion & Reason are false.
Description : Assertion `:-` Angiotensin II is a powerful vasconstrictor Reason `:-` Aldosterone causes reabsorption of `Na^(+)` and water from distal parts of the
Last Answer : Assertion `:-` Angiotensin II is a powerful vasconstrictor Reason `:-` Aldosterone causes reabsorption of ... D. If both Assertion & Reason are false.
Description : Aldosterone stimulates the reabsorption of
Last Answer : Aldosterone stimulates the reabsorption of A. Keto acids B. Glucose C. `K^(+)` ions D. `Na^(+)` ions
Description : Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs reduce the diuretic action of furosemide by: A. Preventing prostaglandin mediated intrarenal haemodynamic actions B. Blocking the action in ascending limb of loop ... C. Enhancing salt and water reabsorption in distal tubule D. Increasing aldosterone secretion
Last Answer : A. Preventing prostaglandin mediated intrarenal haemodynamic actions
Description : Angiotensin III is equipotent to angiotensin II in: A. Releasing aldosterone from adrenal cortex B. Promoting Na+ and water reabsorption by direct intrarenal action C. Causing vasoconstriction D. Contracting intestinal smooth muscle
Last Answer : A. Releasing aldosterone from adrenal cortex
Description : Anion gap is increased in (A) Renal tubular acidosis (B) Metabolic acidosis resulting from diarrhoea (C) Metabolic acidosis resulting from intestinal obstruction (D) Diabetic ketoacidosis
Description : The maximal renal tubular reabsorptive capacity for calcium (Tmca) in mg/min is about (A) 1.5 ± 0.1 (B) 4.99 ± 0.21 (C) 5.5 ± 1.2 (D) 10.2 ± 2.2
Description : Insulin is required for the active uptake of glucose by most of the cells except (A) Muscle cells (B) Renal tubular cells (C) Adipocytes (D) Liver cells
Description : Target tissue of insulin is (A) Red blood cells (B) Renal tubular cells (C) GI tract epithelial cells (D) Liver
Description : Which of the following may be responsible for a hypokalaemic hypertension 1) Non-classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia 2) Barter's syndrome 3) Diabetic nephropathy 4) Liddle's syndrome 5) Type IV renal tubular acidosis
Last Answer : Answers-4 Liddle's syndrome is typically asscoiated with hypokalaemic hypertension and low renin and aldosterone concentrations - the so called pseudo-hyperaldosteronism. Barter's syndrome is associated ... , which may also be produced with diabetic nephropathy. Hence hyperkalaemia is more typical.
Description : Which of the following concerning the pH of urine is correct? 1) is a useful indicator of the acid/base balance of the blood 2) rises on a vegetarian diet 3) is determined by the concentration of ... lower than 5.5 in renal tubular acidosis 5) would be above 7.0 after prolonged and severe vomiting
Last Answer : Answers-2 c - excretion of ammonium occurs when an acid urine is produced but the pH of urine is of course determined by the concentration of H+ ions d-unable to lower the pH to ... and distal nephron and this perpetuates the metabolic alkalosis until the fluid balance is restored with IV fluids.