Description : True statements about aldosterone include: a. secretion is mainly under the control of adrenocorticotrophic (ACTH) hormone secretion b. increases hepatic gluconeogenesis c. its secretion is stimulated by angiotensin d. in the kidney, mainly acts on the proximal convoluted tubules
Last Answer : its secretion is stimulated by angiotensin
Description : In adrenogenital syndrome due to total absence of 21-hydroxylase in adrenal cortex, there is (A) Deficient secretion of glucocorticoids (B) Deficient secretion of mineralcorticoids (C) Excessive secretion of androgens (D) All of these
Last Answer : Answer : D
Description : Secretion of androgens is increased by (A) LH (B) FSH (C) ACTH (D) Growth hormone
Last Answer : Answer : A
Description : Which one of the following is a feature of the VIPoma syndrome? 1) Alkalosis 2) Hypoglycaemia 3) Hypokalaemia 4) Increased gastric acid seceretion 5) Provocation of VIP release by somatostatin
Last Answer : Answers-3 a, b,d,e: All opposite to what is expected. VIPOMA -Features vasoactive intestinal polypeptide secreting tumour, mainly pancreas rarely ganglioneuroblatoma (sympathetic ... -peripheral vasodilation - inhibits gastric acid secretion -potentiates acetylcholine action on salivary glands
Description : A 55-year-old male undergoes a total abdominal colectomy. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the hormonal response to the surgical procedure? a. Adrenocorticotropic ... in serum insulin and a fall in glucagon accelerate hepatic glucose production and maintain gluconeogenesis
Last Answer : Answer: a, c One of the earliest consequence of a surgical procedure is the rise in levels of circulating cortisol that occur in response to a sudden outpouring of ACTH ... hepatic glucose production, and, with other hormones (epinephrine and glucocorticoids), gluconeogenesis is maintained
Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the neuroendocrine responses to shock? a. Sympathetic nerve endings release epinephrine which is responsible for greater than 80% ... injury and sepsis d. The renin-angiotensin axis further augments the sympathetic-mediated vasoconstriction
Last Answer : Answer: c, d The neuroendocrine response to shock attempts to achieve restoration of effective blood volume, mobilization of metabolic substrates, and maintenance of central ... . Angiotensin II is an extremely effective vasoconstrictor that further augments sympathetic-mediated vasoconstriction
Description : Fight-or-flight reactions cause activation of (a) the parathyroid glands, leading to increased metabolic rate (b) the kidney, leading to suppression of renin- angiotensin-aldosterone pathway (c) ... epinephrine and norepinephrine (d) the pancreas leading to a reduction in the blood sugar levels.
Last Answer : (c) the adrenal medulla, leading to increased secretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine
Description : Gastric Secretion is regulated by the hormone: (A) Glucagon (B) Gastrin (C) Epinephrin (D) ACTH
Last Answer : Answer : B
Description : Regulation of ACTH secretion occurs through (A) Corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) and corticotropin release inhibiting hormone (CRIH) of hypothalamus (B) Feedback inhibition by cortisol (C) CRH and feedback inhibition by cortisol (D) CRIH and feedback inhibition by cortisol
Last Answer : Answer : C
Description : Secretion of MSH is regulated by (A) Feedback mechanism (B) Melatonin (C) Hypothalamic hormones (D) ACTH HORMONE METABOLISM 217
Description : Excessive secretion of ACTH causes (A) Cushing’s syndrome (B) Addison’s disease (C) Myxoedema (D) Thyrotoxicosis
Description : ACTH stimulates the secretion of (A) Glucocorticoids (B) Epinephrine (C) Thyroxine (D) Luteinizing hormone
Description : All the following statements about angiotensin are true except (A) Its precursor is an α2-globulin (B) Its active form is an octapeptide (C) It is a vasodilator (D) It increases the secretion of aldosterone
Description : Which of the following is a characteristic feature of acute intermittent porphyria? 1) autosomal recessive inheritance 2) excessive faecal protoporphyrin excretion 3) excessive urinary porphobilinigoen between acute attacks 4) hypernatraemia during attacks 5) photosensitivity
Last Answer : Answers-3 Features of acute intermittent porphyria include urinary porphobilinogen excretion raised between attacks, hyponatraemia during an acute attack and autosomal dominant inheritance.
Description : Mineralcorticoids regulate the metabolism of all of the following except (A) Sodium (B) Potassium (C) Calcium (D) Chloride
Description : The defect in adrenal cortex responsible for lack of glucocorticoids and mineralcorticoids is (A) Androstenedione deficiency (B) 17 α -OH progesterone deficiency (C) C-21 hydroxylase deficiency (D) Testosterone deficiency HORMONE METABOLISM 209
Description : A 35 year old male presents with weakness and tiredness. He is noted to be hyertensive. Electrolytes show a hypokalaemia and a hypomagnesaemia. What investigation would you select for this patient? ... Plasma renin toaldosterone ratio 3) Serum amylase 4) Serum calcium 5) Oral glucose tolerance test
Last Answer : Answers-2 The hypokalaemic hypertension with hypomagnesaemia suggests primary hyperaldosteronism. The most reliable assessment for this would be renin to aldosterone ratio.
Description : The following are true about the hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex: a. zona fasciculata secretes cortisol b. zona glomerulosa secretes aldosterone c. secretion of aldosterone is stimulated by ACTH d. all
Last Answer : all
Description : The level of sodium in the blood is regulated by the secretion of A) oxytocin. B) insulin. C) cortisol. D) aldosterone. E) ACTH.
Last Answer : D) aldosterone.
Description : Prostaglandin synfhesis is increased by activating phospholipases by (A) Mepacrine (B) Angiotensin II (C) Glucocorticoids (D) Indomenthacin
Description : Aldosterone secretion is controlled by: a. plasma sodium concentration b. plasma calcium concentration c. plasma potassium concentration d. angiotensin II
Last Answer : angiotensin II
Description : metabolic acidosis b. hyperkalaemia c. hypernatraemia d. renal calculi e. hypercalcaemia
Last Answer : metabolic acidosis
Description : The following are true about potassium: a. hypokalaemia decreases the time of cardiac repolarization b. hyperkalaemia decreases cardiac contraction c. hyperkalaemia relaxes vascular smooth muscle d. all
Description : Which hormone causes dilation of blood vessels, increased oxygen consumption and glucogenesis? (a) Glucagon (b) ACTH (c) Insulin (d) Adrenaline
Last Answer : (d) Adrenaline
Description : Following acute haemorrhage, the following compensatory mechanisms occur: a. increased chemoreceptor discharge b. increased level of circulating angiotensin II c. vasoconstriction of renal efferent arterioles d. all above
Last Answer : all above
Description : During compensation of respiratory alkalosis, all the following changes occur except (A) Decreased secretion of hydrogen ions by renal tubules (B) Increased excretion of sodium in urine (C) Increased excretion of bicarbonate in urine (D) Increased excretion of ammonia in urine
Description : Antidiuretic hormone (A) Is secreted by hypothalamus (B) Secretion is increased when osmolality of plasma decreases (C) Increases obligatory reabsorption of water (D) Acts on distal convoluted tubules and collecting ducts
Description : Secretion of catecholamines is increased in (A) Cushing’s syndrome (B) Addison’s disease (C) Phaeochromocytoma (D) Simmond’s disease
Description : Secretion of luteinising hormone is increased by (A) GnRH (B) FSH (C) Testosterone (D) None of these
Description : All the following statements about FSH are true except (A) It is a tropic hormone secreted by anterior pituitary (B) Its secretion is increased by gonadotropin releasing hormone (C) It acts on Sertoli cells (D) It increases the synthesis of testosterone
Description : Down regulation is (A) Increased destruction of a hormone (B) Feed back inhibition of hormone secretion (C) Decreased concentration of a hormone in blood (D) Decrease in number of receptors for a hormone
Description : The primary stimulus for insulin secretion is increased. (A) Blood level of epinephrine (B) Blood level of glucagon (C) Blood level of glucose (D) Water intake
Description : Increased reabsorption of water from the kidney is the major consequence of the secretion of the hormone? (A) Cortisol (B) Insulin (C) Vasopressin (D) Aldosterone
Description : One of the potent st imu lators of aldosterone secretion is (A) Increased sodium concentration (B) Decreased potassium concentration (C) Increased potassium concentration (D) Increased ECF volume
Description : Renal glycosuria occurs due to (A) Increased filtration of glucose in glomeruli (B) Increased secretion of glucose by renal tubular cells (C) Decreased reabsorption of glucose by renal tubular cells (D) Increased conversion of glycogen into glucose in tubular cells
Description : Body water is regulated by the hormone: (A) Oxytocin (B) ACTH (C) FSH (D) Epinephrine
Description : Which of the following hormones is not involved in carbohydrate metabolism? (A) ACTH (B) Glucagon (C) Vasopressin (D) Growth hormone
Description : Proopiomelanocortin is the precussor of (A) ACTH (B) β-tropin (C) Endorphins (D) All of these
Description : Which of the following hormone is not under the control of ACTH? (A) Aldosterone (B) Cortisol (C) Corticosterone (D) Deoxycorticosterone
Description : Which one of the following is not liberated by the adenohypophysis? (A) Growth hormone (B) TSH (C) ACTH (D) Gonadotropin
Description : Acromegaly results from overproduction of (A) ACTH during childhood (B) TSH during adult life (C) Growth hormone during childhood (D) Growth hormone during adult life HORMONE METABOLISM 219
Description : Hormonal activity of ACTH is completely lost on removal of (A) 5 C-terminal amino acids (B) 10 C-terminal amino acids (C) 15 C-terminal amino acids (D) None of these
Description : ACTH is a polypeptide made up of (A) 39 amino acids (B) 41 amino acids (C) 51 amino acids (D) 84 amino acids
Description : All the following statements about ACTH are true except (A) It is a tropic hormone (B) Its target cells are located in adrenal cortex (C) Its receptors are located in the cell membrane (D) Its second messenger is inositol triphosphate
Description : All the following statements about proopiomelanocortin are true except (A) It is made up of 285 amino acids (B) It is synthesised in pars intermedia and anterior lobe of pituitary gland ... ) It is the precursor of corticotropin like intermediate lobe peptide and endorphins 218 MCQs IN BIOCHEMISTRY
Description : Precursor of ACTH is (A) Cholesterol (B) Pregnenolone (C) Corticotropin (D) Pro-opiomelanocortin
Description : A nonapeptide among the following is (A) Antidiuretic hormone (B) Insulin (C) ACTH (D) Thyrotropin releasing hormone
Description : Cyclic AMP acts as the second messenger for all of the following except (A) Oxytocin (B) TSH (C) ACTH (D) FSH 216 MCQs IN BIOCHEMISTRY
Description : The production of progesterone by corpus luteum cell is stimulated by (A) LH (B) TSH (C) ACTH (D) MSH
Description : A hormone which cannot cross the blood brain barrier is (A) Epinephrine (B) Aldosterone (C) ACTH (D) TSH