Description : Rate of tissue respiration is raised when the intracellular concentration of (A) ADP increases (B) ATP increases (C) ADP decreases (D) None of these
Last Answer : Answer : A
Description : The most abundant free nucleotide in mammalian cells is (A) ATP (B) NAD (C) GTP (D) FAD
Description : The number of ATP molecules required to convert 2 molecules of lactate into glucose in mammalian liver is (A) 2 (B) 4 (C) 5 (D) 6
Last Answer : Answer : D
Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning cell membrane receptors? a. The largest family of cell surface receptors are the G-protein-linked receptors b. Activities of the ... through the use adenylate cyclase d. Tyrosine kinase receptors are considered G-protein-linked receptors
Last Answer : Answer: a, c All water-soluble regulatory molecules bind to the cell surface receptor proteins. Binding of the appropriate ligand evokes an intracellular signal which usually regulates ... are adenylate cyclase, which converts ATP to cAMP, and the polyphosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C
Description : Binding of catecholamines to α2− adrenergic receptors (A) Increases the intracellular concentration of cAMP (B) Increases the intracellular concentration of cGMP (C) Decreases the intracellular concentration of cAMP (D) Decreases the intracellular concentration of cGMP
Last Answer : Answer : C
Description : Concentration of the following is higher in intracellular fluid than in extracellular fluid: (A) Sodium (B) Potassium (C) Chloride (D) Bicarbonate
Last Answer : Answer : B
Description : During deficiency of thiamine the concentration of the following compound rises in blood and intracellular fluid: (A) Glycogen (B) Sugar (C) Amino acids (D) Pyruvic acid
Description : A striking feature of living cells is a marked difference between the composition of the cytosol and the extracellular milieu. Which of the following statement(s) concerning the mechanisms of maintenance ... d. The selectivity of cell membranes relates only to ions and not organic compounds
Last Answer : Answer: a The survival of the cell requires that cytosolic composition be maintained within narrow limits, despite the constant influx of nutrients and the simultaneous outflow of waste. A ... be altered drastically as a result of regulatory or signaling processes that occur within the cell
Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning ischemia reperfusion injury? a. During ischemia, ATP degradation results in increased plasma and intracellular levels of ... immunization with antibodies to neutrophil adhesive complex lessen the ischemic/reperfusion microvascular injury
Last Answer : Answer: a, b, c, d During the ischemia and hypoperfusion phase, degradation of ATP stores essential to maintain cell integrity and significant loss of diffusible ... either the neutrophil adhesive complex or the endothelial selectins dramatically lessens ischemia/reperfusion microvascular injury
Description : The biochemical mechanism of action of digitalis is associated with (a) A decrease in calcium uptake by the sarcoplasmic reticulum (b) An increase in ATP synthesis (c) A modification of the actin molecule (d) An increase in systolic intracellular calcium levels (e) A block of sodium/calcium exchange
Last Answer : Ans: D
Description : Compared with intracellular fluid, extracellular fluid has, a. a greater osmolarity b. a higher protein concentration c. a lower chloride ion concentration d. a lower hydrogen ion concentration
Last Answer : a lower hydrogen ion concentration
Last Answer : (D) Pyruvic acid
Description : hat is/are the consequence(s) of myocardial Na+ K+ ATPase inhibition by digoxin: A. Increased intracellular Na+ ion concentration B. Increased cytosolic Ca2+ ion concentration C. Increased intracellular K+ ion concentration D. Both ‘A’ and ‘B’ are correct
Last Answer : D. Both ‘A’ and ‘B’ are correct
Description : The following points about microfilaments are true except (A) They form cytoskeleton with microtubules (B) They provide support and shape (C) They form intracellular conducting channels (D) They are involved in muscle cell contraction
Last Answer : C
Description : In mammalian cell cycle, synthesis of DNA occurs during (A) S phase (B) G1 phase (C) Mitotic Phase (D) G2 phase
Description : Chain elongation of fatty acids occurring in mammalian liver takes place in which of the following subcellular fractions of the cell? (A) Nucleus (B) Ribosomes (C) Lysosomes (D) Microsomes
Description : If the distance between two consecutive base pairs is 0.34 nm and the total number of base pairs of a DNA double helix in a typical mammalian cell is 6.6 × 109 bp, then the length of the DNA is approximately (a) 2.0 meters (b) 2.5 meters (c) 2.2 meters (d) 2.7 meters.
Last Answer : (b) 2.5 meters
Last Answer : (c) 2.2 meters
Description : Colloid osmotic pressure of intracellular fluid is (A) Equal to that of plasma (B) More than that of plasma (C) More than that of plasma (D) Nearly zero WATER AND ELECTROLYTE BALANCE 285
Description : Of the total body water, intracellular compartment contains about (A) 50% (B) 60% (C) 70% (D) 80%
Description : A high serum potassium, accompanied by a high intracellular potassium occurs in (A) Adrenal insufficiency (B) Any illness (C) Gastrointestinal losses (D) Cushing’s syndrome
Description : The principal cation in intracellular fluid is (A) Sodium (B) Potassium (C) Calcium (D) Magnesium
Description : Important finding of secondary dehydration is (A) Intracellular oedema (B) Cellular dehydration (C) Thirst (D) Muscle cramps
Description : In primary dehydration (A) Intracellular fluid volume is reduced (B) Intracellular fluid volume remains normal (C) Extracellular fluid volume is much reduced (D) Extracellular fluid volume is much increased
Description : In intracellular compartment the fluid present in ml/kg body weight is about (A) 100 (B) 200 (C) 200 (D) 330
Description : Hormonal stimulation of the formation of the second messenger inositol 1,4,5 triphosphate (IP3) quickly leads to the release of which other intracellular messenger? (A) cAMP (B) Prostaglandin (C) Calcinon (D) Leukotriene
Description : Insulin increases the permeability of glucose across the plasma membrane of muscle cells by (A) Acting on adenylate cycle (B) By loosening the integrity of the membrane (C) Through Ca2 ... membrane cruting the hexose carries of intracellular organelles and making them fuse with the plasma membrane
Description : Some hormones produce their intracellular effects by activating (A) Phospholipae A1 (B) Phospholipase B (C) Phospholipase C (D) All of these
Description : All the following statements about steroid hormones are true except (A) They are hydrophobic (B) They require carriers to transport them in circulation (C) Their receptors are intracellular (D) They require cyclic AMP as second messenger
Description : Hormone that binds to intracellular receptor is (A) Adrenocorticotropic hormone (B) Thyroxine (C) Follicle stimulating hormone (D) Glucagon
Description : What is the principal cation of intracellular fluid? (A) K+ (B) Na+ (C) Ca2+ (D) Mg2+
Description : A nonspecific intracellular antioxidant is (A) Chromium (B) Magnesium (C) Selenium (D) Nickel
Description : All the following statements describing lipids are true except (A) They usually associate by covalent interactions (B) They are structurally components of membranes (C) They are an intracellular energy source (D) They are poorly soluble in H2O
Description : Zymogen is (A) An intracellular enzyme (B) Serum enzyme (C) A complete extracellular enzyme (D) An inactivated enzyme
Description : The mammalian DNA polymerase involved in error correction is (A) DNA polymerase α (B) DNA polymerase β (C) DNA polymerase γ (D) DNA polymerase δ
Description : Mammalian DNA polymerase γ is located in (A) Nucleus (B) Nucleolus (C) Mitochondria (D) Cytosol
Description : A mammalian DNA polymerase among the following is (A) DNA polymerase α (B) DNA polymerase I (C) DNA polymerase II (D) DNA polymerase IV
Description : Mammalian RNA polymerase III synthesises (A) rRNA (B) mRNA (C) tRNA (D) hnRNA
Description : Mammalian RNA polymerase I synthesises (A) mRNA (B) rRNA (C) tRNA (D) hnRNA
Description : Thymine is present in (A) tRNA (B) Ribosomal RNA (C) Mammalian mRNA(D) Prokaryotic mRNA
Description : All mammalian steroid hormones are formed from (A) Purine (B) Pyrimidine (C) Cholesterol (D) Pyrrole
Description : In mammalian liver the rate controlling enzyme in porphyrin biosynthesis is (A) ALA synthase (B) ALA hydratase (C) Uroporphyrinogen I synthase (D) Uroporphyrinogen III cosynthase
Description : Chain elongation of fatty acids in mammalian liver occurs in (A) Nucleus (B) Ribosomes (C) Lysosomes (D) Microsomes
Description : The synthesis of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA can occur (A) Only in mitochondria of all mammalian tissues (B) Only in the cytosol of all mammalian tissue (C) In both cytosol and mitochondria (D) In lysosomes
Description : Depot fats of mammalian cells comprise mostly of (A) Cholesterol (B) Phospholipid (C) Cerebrosides (D) Triglycerol
Description : Depot fats of mammalian cells comprise mostly of (A) Cholesterol (B) Cholesterol esters (C) Triacyl glycerol (D) Phospholipids
Description : In mammalian cells, ribosomal RNA is produced mainly in the (A) Nucleus (B) Nucleolus (C) Ribosome (D) Golgi apparatus
Description : The activity of mammalian L-amino acid oxidase, an FMN – flavo protein, is quite (A) Slow (B) Rapid (C) Both (A) and (B) (D) None of these
Description : Oxidative conversion of many amino acids to their corresponding -ketoacids occurs in mammalian: (A) Liver and kidney (B) Adipose tissue (C) Pancreas (D) Intestine
Description : In mammalian tissues serine can be a biosynthetic precursor of (A) Methionine (B) Glycine (C) Tryptophan (D) Phenylalanine