Colloid osmotic pressure of intracellular fluid is (A) Equal to that of plasma (B) More than that of plasma (C) More than that of plasma (D) Nearly zero WATER AND ELECTROLYTE BALANCE 285

Colloid osmotic pressure of intracellular fluid is (A) Equal to that of plasma (B) More than that of plasma (C) More than that of plasma (D) Nearly zero WATER AND ELECTROLYTE BALANCE 285
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Contribution of albumin to colloid osmotic pressure of plasma is about (A) 10% (B) 50% (C) 80% (D) 90%

Description : Contribution of albumin to colloid osmotic pressure of plasma is about (A) 10% (B) 50% (C) 80% (D) 90%

Last Answer : Answer : C

Osmotic pressure is maintained by blood colloid

Description : Osmotic pressure is maintained by blood colloid

Last Answer : Osmotic pressure is maintained by blood colloid A. Albumin B. Globulin C. Fibrinogen D. Thrombin

Globulins contained in human blood plasma are primarily involved in (a) osmotic balance of body fluids (b) oxygen transport in the blood (c) clotting of blood (d) defence mechanisms of body.

Description : Globulins contained in human blood plasma are primarily involved in (a) osmotic balance of body fluids (b) oxygen transport in the blood (c) clotting of blood (d) defence mechanisms of body.

Last Answer : (d) defence mechanisms of body.

Osmotic pressure of plasma is (A) 80–100 milliosmole/litre (B) 180–200 milliosmole/litre (C) 280–300 milliosmole/litre (D) 380–400 milliosmole/litre

Description : Osmotic pressure of plasma is (A) 80–100 milliosmole/litre (B) 180–200 milliosmole/litre (C) 280–300 milliosmole/litre (D) 380–400 milliosmole/litre

Last Answer : Answer : C

Deuterium oxide and inulin are injected into a normal 30-year-old man. The volume of distribution of deuterium oxide is found to be 42 L and that of inulin 14 L. a. The man’s intracellular fluid volume is about 14 L. b. The man’s intracellular fluid volume is about 28 L. c. The man’s plasma volume is about 7 L. d. The man’s interstitial fluid volume is about 9 L. e. The man’s total body water cannot be calculated from these data

Description : Deuterium oxide and inulin are injected into a normal 30-year-old man. The volume of distribution of deuterium oxide is found to be 42 L and that of inulin 14 L. a. The man's intracellular fluid ... fluid volume is about 9 L. e. The man's total body water cannot be calculated from these data

Last Answer : The man’s intracellular fluid volume is about 28 L.

Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the cell plasma membrane? a. The plasma membrane is composed of amphipathic molecules b. The hydrophobic core of the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane contains specialized transport proteins which maintain the intracellular ionic milieu different from the extracellular fluid c. Plasma membrane proteins extend externally and bear phospholipid moieties which contribute to the cell coat d. The membrane proteins of nerve cells are highly voltage-dependent

Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the cell plasma membrane? a. The plasma membrane is composed of amphipathic molecules b. The hydrophobic core of the lipid bilayer of the ... contribute to the cell coat d. The membrane proteins of nerve cells are highly voltage-dependent

Last Answer : Answer: a, b, d The plasma membrane defines the boundary of the cell and serves to contain and concentrate enzymes and other macromolecule constituents. The plasma membrane is ... and bear carbohydrate moieties primarily as oligosaccharide chains that contribute to the cell coat or glycocalyx

Effective electrolyte to cause the flocculation of a negatively charged arsenium sulphide colloid is :

Description : Effective electrolyte to cause the flocculation of a negatively charged arsenium sulphide colloid is :

Last Answer : Effective electrolyte to cause the flocculation of a negatively charged arsenium sulphide colloid is : A. `NaCl` B. ` ... 3)Fe(CN)_(6)` D. `AlCl_(3)`

The Tm for PAH i.e the maximal secretory capacity of the tubule for PAH can be used to gavge the (A) Extent of tubular damage FATS AND FATTY ACID METABOLISM 81 (B) Impairment of the capacity of the tubule to perform osmotic work (C) Impairment of renal plasma flow (D) Glomerular filtration rate

Description : The Tm for PAH i.e the maximal secretory capacity of the tubule for PAH can be used to gavge the (A) Extent of tubular damage FATS AND FATTY ACID METABOLISM 81 (B) Impairment of the capacity of the tubule to perform osmotic work (C) Impairment of renal plasma flow (D) Glomerular filtration rate

Last Answer : Answer : A

An early feature of renal disease is (A) Impairment of the capacity of the tubule to perform osmotic work (B) Decrease in maximal tubular excretory capacity (C) Decrease in filtration factor (D) Decrease in renal plasma flow

Description : An early feature of renal disease is (A) Impairment of the capacity of the tubule to perform osmotic work (B) Decrease in maximal tubular excretory capacity (C) Decrease in filtration factor (D) Decrease in renal plasma flow

Last Answer : A

All of the following statements about hemorrhagic shock are true except: A. Following hemorrhagic shock, there is an initial interstitial fluid volume contraction. B. Dopamine, or a similar inotropic agent, should be given immediately for resuscitation from hemorrhagic shock, to increase cardiac output and improve oxygen delivery to hypoperfused tissues. C. The use of colloid solutions or hypertonic saline solutions is contraindicated for treatment of hemorrhagic shock. D. In hemorrhagic shock, a narrowed pulse pressure is commonly seen before a fall in systolic blood pressure.

Description : All of the following statements about hemorrhagic shock are true except: A. Following hemorrhagic shock, there is an initial interstitial fluid volume contraction. B. Dopamine, or a similar inotropic ... shock, a narrowed pulse pressure is commonly seen before a fall in systolic blood pressure.

Last Answer : Answer: BC DISCUSSION: Hemorrhagic shock is associated with a contraction of the interstitial fluid compartment because of precapillary vasoconstriction and reabsorption of interstitial fluid ... definitive evidence that such solutions are better than standard crystalloid solutions is lacking

Insulin increases the permeability of glucose across the plasma membrane of muscle cells by (A) Acting on adenylate cycle (B) By loosening the integrity of the membrane (C) Through Ca2+ ions (D) By membrane cruting the hexose carries of intracellular organelles and making them fuse with the plasma membrane

Description : Insulin increases the permeability of glucose across the plasma membrane of muscle cells by (A) Acting on adenylate cycle (B) By loosening the integrity of the membrane (C) Through Ca2 ... membrane cruting the hexose carries of intracellular organelles and making them fuse with the plasma membrane

Last Answer : Answer : D

Blood colloidal osmotic pressure mainly maintained by which plasma protein `:-`

Description : Blood colloidal osmotic pressure mainly maintained by which plasma protein `:-`

Last Answer : Blood colloidal osmotic pressure mainly maintained by which plasma protein `:-` A. Globulin B. Albumin C. Fibrinogen D. Prothombin

Concentration of the following is higher in intracellular fluid than in extracellular fluid: (A) Sodium (B) Potassium (C) Chloride (D) Bicarbonate

Description : Concentration of the following is higher in intracellular fluid than in extracellular fluid: (A) Sodium (B) Potassium (C) Chloride (D) Bicarbonate

Last Answer : Answer : B

If a bathing fluid has the same osmotic pressure than the cell it called a. Isotonic b. Hypertonic c. hypotonic d. all

Description : If a bathing fluid has the same osmotic pressure than the cell it called a. Isotonic b. Hypertonic c. hypotonic d. all

Last Answer : Isotonic

If a bathing fluid has higher osmotic pressure than the cell it is called a. Isotonic b. hypotonic c. hypertonic d. all

Description : If a bathing fluid has higher osmotic pressure than the cell it is called a. Isotonic b. hypotonic c. hypertonic d. all

Last Answer : hypertonic

If a bathing fluid has a lower osmotic pressure than the cell, it is called a. Isotonic b. hypotonic c. hypertonic d. All

Description : If a bathing fluid has a lower osmotic pressure than the cell, it is called a. Isotonic b. hypotonic c. hypertonic d. All

Last Answer : hypotonic

An osmotic diuretic, such as Mannitol, is given to the patient with increased intracranial pressure (IICP) in order to a) dehydrate the brain and reduce cerebral edema. Osmotic diuretics draw water across intact membranes, thereby reducing the volume of brain and extracellular fluid.

Description : An osmotic diuretic, such as Mannitol, is given to the patient with increased intracranial pressure (IICP) in order to a) dehydrate the brain and reduce cerebral edema. Osmotic diuretics ... Medications such as barbiturates are given to the patient with IICP to reduce cellular metabolic demands.

Last Answer : a) dehydrate the brain and reduce cerebral edema. Osmotic diuretics draw water across intact membranes, thereby reducing the volume of brain and extracellular fluid.

Oncotic pressure refers to a) the osmotic pressure exerted by proteins. Oncotic pressure is a pulling pressure exerted by proteins, such as albumin. b) the number of dissolved particles contained in a unit of fluid. Osmolality refers to the number of dissolved particles contained in a unit of fluid. c) the excretion of substances such as glucose through increased urine output. Osmotic diuresis occurs when the urine output increases due to excretion of substances such as glucose. d) the amount of pressure needed to stop flow of water by osmosis. Osmotic pressure is the amount of pressure needed to stop the flow of water by osmosis.

Description : Oncotic pressure refers to a) the osmotic pressure exerted by proteins. Oncotic pressure is a pulling pressure exerted by proteins, such as albumin. b) the number of dissolved particles contained in a ... . Osmotic pressure is the amount of pressure needed to stop the flow of water by osmosis.

Last Answer : a) the osmotic pressure exerted by proteins. Oncotic pressure is a pulling pressure exerted by proteins, such as albumin.

What is a good hydraulic fluid for a 285 Massey Ferguson?

Description : What is a good hydraulic fluid for a 285 Massey Ferguson?

Last Answer : What is the answer ?

The principal cation in intracellular fluid is (A) Sodium (B) Potassium (C) Calcium (D) Magnesium

Description : The principal cation in intracellular fluid is (A) Sodium (B) Potassium (C) Calcium (D) Magnesium

Last Answer : Answer : B

In primary dehydration (A) Intracellular fluid volume is reduced (B) Intracellular fluid volume remains normal (C) Extracellular fluid volume is much reduced (D) Extracellular fluid volume is much increased

Description : In primary dehydration (A) Intracellular fluid volume is reduced (B) Intracellular fluid volume remains normal (C) Extracellular fluid volume is much reduced (D) Extracellular fluid volume is much increased

Last Answer : Answer : A

In intracellular compartment the fluid present in ml/kg body weight is about (A) 100 (B) 200 (C) 200 (D) 330

Description : In intracellular compartment the fluid present in ml/kg body weight is about (A) 100 (B) 200 (C) 200 (D) 330

Last Answer : Answer : D

What is the principal cation of intracellular fluid? (A) K+ (B) Na+ (C) Ca2+ (D) Mg2+

Description : What is the principal cation of intracellular fluid? (A) K+ (B) Na+ (C) Ca2+ (D) Mg2+

Last Answer : Answer : A

During deficiency of thiamine the concentration of the following compound rises in blood and intracellular fluid: (A) Glycogen (B) Sugar (C) Amino acids (D) Pyruvic acid

Description : During deficiency of thiamine the concentration of the following compound rises in blood and intracellular fluid: (A) Glycogen (B) Sugar (C) Amino acids (D) Pyruvic acid

Last Answer : Answer : D

Transmission of fluid in dentinal tubules is by: A. Hydrodynamic pressure (Osmotic) B. Mechanical

Description : Transmission of fluid in dentinal tubules is by: A. Hydrodynamic pressure (Osmotic) B. Mechanical

Last Answer : A. Hydrodynamic pressure (Osmotic)

Which of the following colloids is expensive but rapidly expands plasma volume? a) Albumin Albumin is a colloid that requires human donors, is limited in supply, and can cause congestive heart failure. b) Dextran Dextran is a colloid, synthetic plasma expander that interferes with platelet aggregation and is not recommended for hemorrhagic shock. c) Lactated Ringers Lactated ringers is a crystalloid, not a colloid. d) Hypertonic Saline Hypertonic saline is a crystalloid, not a colloid.

Description : Which of the following colloids is expensive but rapidly expands plasma volume? a) Albumin Albumin is a colloid that requires human donors, is limited in supply, and can cause congestive heart failure ... , not a colloid. d) Hypertonic Saline Hypertonic saline is a crystalloid, not a colloid.

Last Answer : a) Albumin Albumin is a colloid that requires human donors, is limited in supply, and can cause congestive heart failure.

All the following changes in blood chemistry can occur in severe diarrhoea except (A) Decreased pH (B) Decreased bicarbonate (C) Increased pCO2 (D) Increased chloride WATER AND ELECTROLYTE BALANCE 287

Description : All the following changes in blood chemistry can occur in severe diarrhoea except (A) Decreased pH (B) Decreased bicarbonate (C) Increased pCO2 (D) Increased chloride WATER AND ELECTROLYTE BALANCE 287

Last Answer : Answer : C

One of the symptoms of low serum potassium concentration includes (A) Muscle weakness (B) Confusion (C) Numbness (D) Tingling of extremities WATER AND ELECTROLYTE BALANCE 283

Description : One of the symptoms of low serum potassium concentration includes (A) Muscle weakness (B) Confusion (C) Numbness (D) Tingling of extremities WATER AND ELECTROLYTE BALANCE 283

Last Answer : Answer : A

Normal total serum calcium level varies between (A) 4–5 mg (B) 9–11 mg (C) 15–20 mg (D) 50–100 mg WATER AND ELECTROLYTE BALANCE 281

Description : Normal total serum calcium level varies between (A) 4–5 mg (B) 9–11 mg (C) 15–20 mg (D) 50–100 mg WATER AND ELECTROLYTE BALANCE 281

Last Answer : Answer : B

When a cell is fully turgid, which of the following will be zero? (a) Turgor pressure (b) Water potential (c) Wall pressure (d) Osmotic pressure

Description : When a cell is fully turgid, which of the following will be zero? (a) Turgor pressure (b) Water potential (c) Wall pressure (d) Osmotic pressure

Last Answer : (b) Water potential

Which of the following is not an ultrafine grinder (colloid mill)?(A) Micronizers (B) Agitated mills and fluid energy mills (C) Toothed roll crusher (D) Hammer mills with internal classification

Description : Which of the following is not an ultrafine grinder (colloid mill)? (A) Micronizers (B) Agitated mills and fluid energy mills (C) Toothed roll crusher (D) Hammer mills with internal classification

Last Answer : (C) Toothed roll crusher

High molecular weight, pharmacodynamically inert, nonantigenic substances which form colloidal solution are used as: A. Osmotic purgatives B. Osmotic diuretics C. Plasma expanders D. All of the above

Description : High molecular weight, pharmacodynamically inert, nonantigenic substances which form colloidal solution are used as: A. Osmotic purgatives B. Osmotic diuretics C. Plasma expanders D. All of the above

Last Answer : C. Plasma expanders

Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning ischemia reperfusion injury? a. During ischemia, ATP degradation results in increased plasma and intracellular levels of hypoxanthine and xanthene b. Oxygen free radicals such as the superoxide radical are involved in the expression of the proinflammatory phenotype of endothelial cells, macrophages and neutrophils c. The intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAN-1) contributes to injury and disruption of the endothelial lining, with extensive capillary leak and resultant interstitial edema d. Animal models have demonstrated that passive immunization with antibodies to neutrophil adhesive complex lessen the ischemic/reperfusion microvascular injury

Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning ischemia reperfusion injury? a. During ischemia, ATP degradation results in increased plasma and intracellular levels of ... immunization with antibodies to neutrophil adhesive complex lessen the ischemic/reperfusion microvascular injury

Last Answer : Answer: a, b, c, d During the ischemia and hypoperfusion phase, degradation of ATP stores essential to maintain cell integrity and significant loss of diffusible ... either the neutrophil adhesive complex or the endothelial selectins dramatically lessens ischemia/reperfusion microvascular injury

A striking feature of living cells is a marked difference between the composition of the cytosol and the extracellular milieu. Which of the following statement(s) concerning the mechanisms of maintenance of these differences is/are true? a. The cell membrane is able to maintain a 10,000 fold gradient between the extracellular concentration of ionized calcium and the intracellular concentration b. The key to these differences is the fact that the plasma membrane is normally impermeable to sodium, potassium and calcium c. The selectivity of biologic membranes is highly consistent and seldom changes d. The selectivity of cell membranes relates only to ions and not organic compounds

Description : A striking feature of living cells is a marked difference between the composition of the cytosol and the extracellular milieu. Which of the following statement(s) concerning the mechanisms of maintenance ... d. The selectivity of cell membranes relates only to ions and not organic compounds

Last Answer : Answer: a The survival of the cell requires that cytosolic composition be maintained within narrow limits, despite the constant influx of nutrients and the simultaneous outflow of waste. A ... be altered drastically as a result of regulatory or signaling processes that occur within the cell

Choose the correct statement(s) about actions of insulin: A. It favours translocation of glucose transporters from intracellular site to the plasma membrane B. It enhances transcription of lipoprotein lipase in vascular endothelium C. It increases production of the enzyme glucokinase D. All of the above

Description : Choose the correct statement(s) about actions of insulin: A. It favours translocation of glucose transporters from intracellular site to the plasma membrane B. It enhances transcription of lipoprotein ... vascular endothelium C. It increases production of the enzyme glucokinase D. All of the above

Last Answer : D. All of the above

Match the items given in column I with those in column II and select the correct option given below. Column I Column II A. Fibrinogen (i) Osmotic balance B. Globulin (ii) Blood clotting C. Albumin (iii)Defence mechanism A B C (a) (iii) (ii) (i) (b) (i) (ii) (iii) (c) (i) (iii) (ii) (d) (ii) (iii) (i)

Description : Match the items given in column I with those in column II and select the correct option given below. Column I Column II A. Fibrinogen (i) Osmotic balance B. Globulin (ii) Blood clotting C. Albumin (iii)Defence mechanism A B C (a) ( ... i) (b) (i) (ii) (iii) (c) (i) (iii) (ii) (d) (ii) (iii) (i)

Last Answer : (d) (ii) (iii) (i)

All the following statements about proopiomelanocortin are true except (A) It is made up of 285 amino acids (B) It is synthesised in pars intermedia and anterior lobe of pituitary gland (C) It is the precursor of ACTH and melatonin (D) It is the precursor of corticotropin like intermediate lobe peptide and endorphins 218 MCQs IN BIOCHEMISTRY

Description : All the following statements about proopiomelanocortin are true except (A) It is made up of 285 amino acids (B) It is synthesised in pars intermedia and anterior lobe of pituitary gland ... ) It is the precursor of corticotropin like intermediate lobe peptide and endorphins 218 MCQs IN BIOCHEMISTRY

Last Answer : Answer : C

Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the microvascular and cellular response to shock? a. Osmodically induced mobilization of intracellular fluid is the initial response to restore intravascular volume b. With larger volume hemorrhagic shock deterioration of normal cellular transmembrane potential occurs resulting in an increase in extracellular sodium and water c. The accumulation of anaerobic metabolites override normal homeostatic vasomotor tone and contribute to the maladaptive vasodilatation d. Abnormal intracellular calcium homeostasis may contribute to the cellular dysfunction of shock

Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the microvascular and cellular response to shock? a. Osmodically induced mobilization of intracellular fluid is the initial ... d. Abnormal intracellular calcium homeostasis may contribute to the cellular dysfunction of shock

Last Answer : Answer: c, d Moderate hypovolemia results in a relatively rapid spontaneous restitution of intravascular volume through expansion of the plasma space. This plasma expansion by ... potassium pump. Cellular dysfunction also appears to be related to abnormal intracellular calcium homeostasis

Under ideal conditions, the collector current is (a) Equal to base current (b) Nearly equal to emitter current (c) Less than base current (d) always zero

Description : Under ideal conditions, the collector current is (a) Equal to base current (b) Nearly equal to emitter current (c) Less than base current (d) always zero

Last Answer : (b) Nearly equal to emitter current

What is the major cation in the intracellular fluid?

Description : What is the major cation in the intracellular fluid?

Last Answer : potassium

Compared with intracellular fluid, extracellular fluid has, a. a greater osmolarity b. a higher protein concentration c. a lower chloride ion concentration d. a lower hydrogen ion concentration

Description : Compared with intracellular fluid, extracellular fluid has, a. a greater osmolarity b. a higher protein concentration c. a lower chloride ion concentration d. a lower hydrogen ion concentration

Last Answer : a lower hydrogen ion concentration

During the propagation of a nerve impulse, the action potential results from the movement of (a) K+ ions from intracellular fluid to extracellular fluid (b) Na+ ions from extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid (c) K+ ions from extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid (d) Na+ ions from intracellular fluid to extracellular fluid.

Description : During the propagation of a nerve impulse, the action potential results from the movement of (a) K+ ions from intracellular fluid to extracellular fluid (b) Na+ ions from extracellular ... extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid (d) Na+ ions from intracellular fluid to extracellular fluid.

Last Answer : (b) Na+ ions from extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid

During deficiency of thiamine the concentration of the following compound rises in blood and intracellular fluid: (A) Glycogen (B) Sugar (C) Amino acids (D) Pyruvic acid

Description : During deficiency of thiamine the concentration of the following compound rises in blood and intracellular fluid: (A) Glycogen (B) Sugar (C) Amino acids (D) Pyruvic acid

Last Answer : (D) Pyruvic acid

The water potential and osmotic potential of pure water are (a) 100 and 200 (b) zero and 100 (c) 100 and zero (d) zero and zero.

Description : The water potential and osmotic potential of pure water are (a) 100 and 200 (b) zero and 100 (c) 100 and zero (d) zero and zero.

Last Answer : (d) zero and zero.

If atmospheric temperature and dew point are nearly equal, then the relative humidity is (A) Zero (B) 50% (C) Almost 100% (D) unpredictable

Description : If atmospheric temperature and dew point are nearly equal, then the relative humidity is (A) Zero (B) 50% (C) Almost 100% (D) unpredictable

Last Answer : (C) Almost 100%

Fluidised beds are formed, when the (A) Fluid friction is zero (B) Gravity force is less than the fluid friction (C) Pressure forces equal gravity forces (D) Sum of the fluid friction and pressure forces is equal and opposite to gravity forces

Description : Fluidised beds are formed, when the (A) Fluid friction is zero (B) Gravity force is less than the fluid friction (C) Pressure forces equal gravity forces (D) Sum of the fluid friction and pressure forces is equal and opposite to gravity forces

Last Answer : (B) Gravity force is less than the fluid friction

Institution of oral rehydration therapy has the following beneficial effect in diarrhoea: A. Stops further diarrhoea B. Restores hydration and electrolyte balance without affecting diarrhoea C. Hastens clearance of the enteropathogen D. Obviates the need for specific antimicrobial therapy

Description : Institution of oral rehydration therapy has the following beneficial effect in diarrhoea: A. Stops further diarrhoea B. Restores hydration and electrolyte balance without affecting diarrhoea C. Hastens clearance of the enteropathogen D. Obviates the need for specific antimicrobial therapy

Last Answer : B. Restores hydration and electrolyte balance without affecting diarrhoea

Hormone of adresal cortex which helps in maintaining electrolyte and body fluid volume is

Description : Hormone of adresal cortex which helps in maintaining electrolyte and body fluid volume is

Last Answer : Hormone of adresal cortex which helps in maintaining electrolyte and body fluid volume is

Which of the following solutions should the nurse anticipate for fluid replacement in the male patient? a) Lactated Ringer’s solution Replacement fluids may include isotonic electrolyte solutions and blood component therapy.

Description : Which of the following solutions should the nurse anticipate for fluid replacement in the male patient? a) Lactated Ringer's solution Replacement fluids may include isotonic electrolyte solutions and ... only to treat severe symptomatic hyponatremia and should be used only in intensive care units.

Last Answer : a) Lactated Ringer’s solution Replacement fluids may include isotonic electrolyte solutions and blood component therapy.

You use a hydrometer to check the condition of the electrolyte in your car battery. It is actually measuring what property of the fluid? w) charge x) density y) temperature z) surface tension

Description : You use a hydrometer to check the condition of the electrolyte in your car battery. It is actually measuring what property of the fluid? w) charge x) density y) temperature z) surface tension 

Last Answer : ANSWER: X -- DENSITY