Acute kidney failure?

Acute kidney failure?
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DefinitionAcute (sudden) kidney failure is the sudden loss of the ability of the kidneys to remove waste and concentrate urine without losing electrolytes.Alternative NamesKidney failure; Renal failure; Renal failure - acute; ARF; Kidney injury - acuteCauses, incidence, and risk factorsThere are many possible causes of kidney damage. They include:Acute tubular necrosis (ATN)Autoimmune kidney disease, including: Acute nephritic syndromeInterstitial nephritisDecreased blood flow due to very low blood pressure, which can result from: BurnsDehydrationHemorrhageInjurySeptic shockSerious illnessSurgeryDisorders that cause clotting within the kidney's blood vessels: Hemolytic-uremic syndromeIdiopathic thrombocytopenic thrombotic purpura (ITTP)Malignant hypertensionTransfusion reactionSclerodermaI
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Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the outcome in patients with acute renal failure? a. Mortality for ischemic acute tubular necrosis without other organ failure is approximately 6% b. Multiple organ failure complicated with acute renal failure is associated with mortality ranging from 50% to 90% c. Recovery of renal function after six weeks is unlikely d. There is no difference in survival between oliguric and nonoliguric renal failure

Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning the outcome in patients with acute renal failure? a. Mortality for ischemic acute tubular necrosis without other organ failure is ... is unlikely d. There is no difference in survival between oliguric and nonoliguric renal failure

Last Answer : Answer: a, b, c Survival of patients with acute renal failure is a function of the successful treatment of the primary disease from which the renal failure was derived. The mortality ... is unlikely. Nonoliguric renal failure is usually limited in its extent and is almost always reversible

Altering the amino acid profile in total parenteral nutrition solutions can be of benefit in certain conditions. Which of the following conditions are associated with a benefit by supplementation with the amino acid type listed? a. Acute renal failure and essential amino acids b. Hepatic failure and aromatic amino acids c. Short gut syndrome and glutamine d. Chronic renal failure and essential amino acids

Description : Altering the amino acid profile in total parenteral nutrition solutions can be of benefit in certain conditions. Which of the following conditions are associated with a benefit by supplementation with the ... c. Short gut syndrome and glutamine d. Chronic renal failure and essential amino acids

Last Answer : Answer: a, c In a number of conditions, altering the amino acid profile of the total parenteral nutrition solution can be of benefit. TPN with amino acids of high biologic value ... Glutamine-enriched TPN partially attenuates villous atrophy and may be useful in treatment of short gut syndrome

Essential amino acids have been advocated as standard therapy for renal failure. Which of the following statements are true? A. Increased survival from acute renal failure has been reported with both essential and nonessential amino acid therapy of patients in renal failure. B. Essential amino acids retard the rise of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) secondary to decreased urea appearance. C. Essential amino acids and hypertonic dextrose are a convenient form of therapy for hyperkalemia. D. Essential amino acids decrease BUN and creatinine to the same degree as solutions containing excessive nonessential amino acids.

Description : Essential amino acids have been advocated as standard therapy for renal failure. Which of the following statements are true? A. Increased survival from acute renal failure has been reported ... BUN and creatinine to the same degree as solutions containing excessive nonessential amino acids.

Last Answer : Answer: BC DISCUSSION: Essential amino acids and hypertonic dextrose, as opposed to hypertonic dextrose alone, was reported by Abel and co-workers to be associated with a decreased mortality rate ... renal failure have not been carried out in sufficient numbers to yield answers to this question

A patient of acute myocardial infarction being treated in intensive care unit developed left ventricular failure with raised central venous pressure. It was decided to use glyceryl trinitrate. Which route/method of administration would be most suitable. (a) Sublingual (b) Oral (c) Intravenous bolus injection (d) Slow intravenous infusion

Description : A patient of acute myocardial infarction being treated in intensive care unit developed left ventricular failure with raised central venous pressure. It was decided to use glyceryl trinitrate. Which route/ ... (a) Sublingual (b) Oral (c) Intravenous bolus injection (d) Slow intravenous infusion

Last Answer : Ans: D

Acute renal failure (ARF) may be caused by all of the following except (a) Acute tubular necrosis (ATN) due to drug therapy (e.g., aminoglycosides, contrast media) (b) Severe hypotension or circulatolry collapse (c) Decreased cardiac output, as from congestive heart failure (d) Hemolysis, myoglobinuria (e) Hyperkalemia

Description : Acute renal failure (ARF) may be caused by all of the following except (a) Acute tubular necrosis (ATN) due to drug therapy (e.g., aminoglycosides, contrast media) (b) Severe hypotension ... (c) Decreased cardiac output, as from congestive heart failure (d) Hemolysis, myoglobinuria (e) Hyperkalemia

Last Answer : Ans: E

If a fibrinolytic drug is used for treatment of acute myocardial infarction, the adverse drug effect that is most likely to occur is (a) Acute renal failure (b) Development of antiplatelet antibodies (c) Encephalitis secondary to liver dysfunction (d) Hemorrhagic stroke (e) Neutropenia

Description : If a fibrinolytic drug is used for treatment of acute myocardial infarction, the adverse drug effect that is most likely to occur is (a) Acute renal failure (b) Development of antiplatelet antibodies (c) Encephalitis secondary to liver dysfunction (d) Hemorrhagic stroke (e) Neutropenia

Last Answer : Ans: D

Which of the following is associated with Hyperuricaemia? 1) is usually due to an excess purine consumption 2) occurs in association with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 3) in primary gout is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner 4) can be reduced with low dose aspirin therapy 5) can be treated with uricosuric drugs even in renal failure

Description : Which of the following is associated with Hyperuricaemia? 1) is usually due to an excess purine consumption 2) occurs in association with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 3) in primary gout is inherited in ... with low dose aspirin therapy 5) can be treated with uricosuric drugs even in renal failure

Last Answer : Answers-2 Hyperuricaemia may be due to increased purine intake, urate production or reduced urate clearance, and is most commonly due to the latter. Therefore it can occur in association with enhanced ... . Many of the uricosuric drugs may be detrimental in renal failure and may not be effective.

The main advantage of ketorolac over aspirin is that ketorolac (a) Can be combined more safely with an opioid such as codeine (b) Can be obtained as an over-the-counter agent (c) Does not prolong the bleeding time (d) Is available in a parenteral formulation that can be injected intramuscularly or intravenously (e) Is less likely to cause acute renal failure in patients with some preexisting degree of renal impairment

Description : The main advantage of ketorolac over aspirin is that ketorolac (a) Can be combined more safely with an opioid such as codeine (b) Can be obtained as an over-the-counter agent (c) Does not ... (e) Is less likely to cause acute renal failure in patients with some preexisting degree of renal impairment

Last Answer : Ans: D

The term used to describe total urine output of less than 400 mL in 24 hours is a) oliguria. Oliguria is associated with acute and chronic renal failure.

Description : The term used to describe total urine output of less than 400 mL in 24 hours is a) oliguria. Oliguria is associated with acute and chronic renal failure. b) anuria. Anuria is used to ... Nocturia refers to awakening at night to urinate. d) dysuria. Dysuria refers to painful or difficult urination.

Last Answer : a) oliguria. Oliguria is associated with acute and chronic renal failure.

Which of the following mitral valve conditions generally produces no symptoms? a) Prolapse Mitral valve prolpase is a deformity that usually produces no symptoms and has been diagnosed more frequently in recent years, probably as a result of improved diagnostic methods. b) Stenosis Mitral valve stenosis usually causes progressive fatigue. c) Regurgitation Mitral valve regurgitation, in its acute stage, usually presents as severe heart failure. d) Infection Mitral valve infection, when acute, will produce symptoms typical of infective endocarditis.

Description : Which of the following mitral valve conditions generally produces no symptoms? a) Prolapse Mitral valve prolpase is a deformity that usually produces no symptoms and has been diagnosed more ... ) Infection Mitral valve infection, when acute, will produce symptoms typical of infective endocarditis.

Last Answer : a) Prolapse Mitral valve prolpase is a deformity that usually produces no symptoms and has been diagnosed more frequently in recent years, probably as a result of improved diagnostic methods.

Which of the following is not likely to be the cause of failure of antimicrobial therapy of an acute infection: A. Improper selection of drug and dose B. Acquisition of resistance during treatment C. Failure to drain the pus D. Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus

Description : Which of the following is not likely to be the cause of failure of antimicrobial therapy of an acute infection: A. Improper selection of drug and dose B. Acquisition of resistance during treatment C. Failure to drain the pus D. Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus

Last Answer : B. Acquisition of resistance during treatment

The following is true of mannitol except: A. It inhibits solute reabsorption in the thick ascending limb of loop of Henle B. It is contraindicated in patients with increased intracranial tension C. It is contraindicated in acute left ventricular failure D. It is not used to treat cardiac or hepatic or renal edema

Description : The following is true of mannitol except: A. It inhibits solute reabsorption in the thick ascending limb of loop of Henle B. It is contraindicated in patients with increased intracranial tension C. It ... acute left ventricular failure D. It is not used to treat cardiac or hepatic or renal edema

Last Answer : B. It is contraindicated in patients with increased intracranial tension

Intravenous furosemide promptly mitigates dyspnoea in acute left ventricular failure by: A. Producing bronchodilatation B. Causing rapid diuresis and reducing circulating blood volume C. Increasing venous capacitance and reducing cardiac preload. D. Stimulating left ventricular contractility

Description : Intravenous furosemide promptly mitigates dyspnoea in acute left ventricular failure by: A. Producing bronchodilatation B. Causing rapid diuresis and reducing circulating blood volume C. Increasing venous capacitance and reducing cardiac preload. D. Stimulating left ventricular contractility

Last Answer : C. Increasing venous capacitance and reducing cardiac preload.

A patient of acute myocardial infarction being treated in intensive care unit developed left ventricular failure with raised central venous pressure. It was decided to use glyceryl trinitrate. Which route/method of administration would be most suitable: A. Sublingual B. Oral C. Intravenous bolus injection D. Slow intravenous infusion

Description : A patient of acute myocardial infarction being treated in intensive care unit developed left ventricular failure with raised central venous pressure. It was decided to use glyceryl trinitrate. Which route ... suitable: A. Sublingual B. Oral C. Intravenous bolus injection D. Slow intravenous infusion

Last Answer : D. Slow intravenous infusion

Choose the antiarrhythmic drug which prolongs action potential, can aggravate atrioventricular block but not heart failure, and has broad spectrum utility in acute as well as chronic, and ventricular as well as supraventricular arrhythmias: A. Quinidine B. Amiodarone C. Mexiletine D. Diltiazem

Description : Choose the antiarrhythmic drug which prolongs action potential, can aggravate atrioventricular block but not heart failure, and has broad spectrum utility in acute as well as chronic, and ventricular as well as supraventricular arrhythmias: A. Quinidine B. Amiodarone C. Mexiletine D. Diltiazem

Last Answer : B. Amiodarone

Vasodilators are used to treat: A. Acute heart failure attending myocardial infarction B. Chronic heart failure due to diastolic dysfunction C. Chronic heart failure due to both systolic as well as diastolic dysfunction D. All of the above

Description : Vasodilators are used to treat: A. Acute heart failure attending myocardial infarction B. Chronic heart failure due to diastolic dysfunction C. Chronic heart failure due to both systolic as well as diastolic dysfunction D. All of the above

Last Answer : D. All of the above

Glyceryl trinitrate is used in CHF for: A. Routine treatment of mild to moderate chronic heart failure B. Rapid symptom relief in acute left ventricular failure C. Arresting disease progression D. Both 'A' and 'B'

Description : Glyceryl trinitrate is used in CHF for: A. Routine treatment of mild to moderate chronic heart failure B. Rapid symptom relief in acute left ventricular failure C. Arresting disease progression D. Both 'A' and 'B'

Last Answer : D. Both 'A' and 'B

Morphine affords symptomatic relief of dyspnoea in acute left ventricular failure by the following mechanisms except: A. Bronchodilatation B. Depression of respiratory centre C. Reduction in cardiac preload D. Shift of blood from pulmonary to systemic circuit

Description : Morphine affords symptomatic relief of dyspnoea in acute left ventricular failure by the following mechanisms except: A. Bronchodilatation B. Depression of respiratory centre C. Reduction in cardiac preload D. Shift of blood from pulmonary to systemic circuit

Last Answer : A. Bronchodilatation

How can we avoid kidney failure?

Description : How can we avoid kidney failure?

Last Answer : Battle diabetes, and decrease blood pressure?

Can someone give me some information on chronic kidney failure?

Description : Can someone give me some information on chronic kidney failure?

Last Answer : You don’t have to wait for your next visit to call and ask questions that are bothering you.

Do you have any experience with kidney failure and its treatment?

Description : Do you have any experience with kidney failure and its treatment?

Last Answer : Treatment of kidney failure in an 80 year old is tough. Depending on the severity of the renal failure, it could be simply providing diuretics and other drugs to help stave off complete renal failure. However, ... hear about your MIL (and if I was too blunt). But, those are the facts. Best wishes.

What is kidney failure ?

Description : What is kidney failure ?

Last Answer : With age, the function of the kidneys also changes , the strength (capacity) gradually decreases. It is said that the kidneys of 60-year-olds are only 50% functional. Decreased ability of the kidneys ... failure. Kidney failure can occur in two ways , one is chronic and the other is immediate.

What are the symptoms of kidney failure ?

Last Answer : Kidney is a very important organ of the body. Life is at risk if the kidneys fail. Eat foods rich in antioxidants and keep your kidneys healthy. Health website Healthy Food Team reports eight signs ... of oxygen in the brain. It lacks attention. Sleep is a feeling of drowsiness and memory problems.

Assertion `:-` Haemodialysis method is used in case of kidney failure. Reason `:-` Malfunctioning of kidney leads to uremia.

Description : Assertion `:-` Haemodialysis method is used in case of kidney failure. Reason `:-` Malfunctioning of kidney leads to uremia.

Last Answer : Assertion `:-` Haemodialysis method is used in case of kidney failure. Reason `:-` Malfunctioning of ... . D. If both Assertion & Reason are false.

A condition of failure of kidney to form urine is called

Description : A condition of failure of kidney to form urine is called

Last Answer : A condition of failure of kidney to form urine is called A. Creatinine B. Hematuria C. Anuria D. Ketonuria

Occurrence of excess urea in blood due to kidney failure is

Description : Occurrence of excess urea in blood due to kidney failure is

Last Answer : Occurrence of excess urea in blood due to kidney failure is A. Urochrome B. Uraemia C. Uricotelism D. Ureotelism

A condition of failure of kidney to form urine is called

Description : A condition of failure of kidney to form urine is called

Last Answer : A condition of failure of kidney to form urine is called A. Creatinine B. Hematuria C. Anuria D. Ketonuria

In kidney failure condition urea can be removed by ____process.

Description : In kidney failure condition urea can be removed by ____process.

Last Answer : In kidney failure condition urea can be removed by ____process.

In kidney failure condition urea can be removed by ____process.

Description : In kidney failure condition urea can be removed by ____process.

Last Answer : In kidney failure condition urea can be removed by ____process.

A condition of failure of kidney to form urine is called

Description : A condition of failure of kidney to form urine is called

Last Answer : A condition of failure of kidney to form urine is called A. Deamination B. Entropy C. Anuria D. None of these

A condition of failure of kidney to form urine is called

Description : A condition of failure of kidney to form urine is called

Last Answer : A condition of failure of kidney to form urine is called A. Diuresis B. Hematuria C. Anuria D. Ketonuria

How would I know if I might get kidney failure?

Description : How would I know if I might get kidney failure?

Last Answer : You must go to the doctor as soon as possible because your life is at risk, this isn't a joke kidney failure leads to death, your best choice is to take prescribed medicine to prolong your life or ask for kidney transplant

What's the symptoms for kidney failure?

Description : What's the symptoms for kidney failure?

Last Answer : Symptom 1: Changes in Urination Kidneys make urine, so when the kidneys are failing, the urine may change. How? You may have to get up at night to urinate. Urine may be foamy or bubbly ... with dark colored urine. Your urine may contain blood. You may feel pressure or have difficulty urinating.

Fucosidosis is characterized by (A) Muscle spasticity (B) Liver enlargement (C) Skin rash (D) Kidney failure

Description : Fucosidosis is characterized by (A) Muscle spasticity (B) Liver enlargement (C) Skin rash (D) Kidney failure

Last Answer : Answer : A

In the treatment of which disease is dialysis used? A. Ulcers B. Heart failure C. Kidney failure (Answer) D. Brain tumour

Description : In the treatment of which disease is dialysis used? A. Ulcers B. Heart failure C. Kidney failure (Answer) D. Brain tumour

Last Answer : C. Kidney failure (Answer)

Dialysis is used for the treatment of-----? A. Kidney failure (Answer) B. Heart weakness C. Brain diseases D. None of these

Description : Dialysis is used for the treatment of-----? A. Kidney failure (Answer) B. Heart weakness C. Brain diseases D. None of these

Last Answer : A. Kidney failure (Answer)

What is kidney failure and what is its treatments?

Description : What is kidney failure and what is its treatments?

Last Answer : If one kidney of a person is damaged or its nephrone fails to work, then a person can live on one kidney also, but if both kidneys fails to work then this disease is called kidney failure. ... is now being replaced in some cases with the lithotripsy (Breaking of stone with ultrasound waves).   

A condition of failure of kidney to form urine is called (a) anuria (b) deamination (c) uremia (d) none of the

Description : A condition of failure of kidney to form urine is called (a) anuria (b) deamination (c) uremia (d) none of the

Last Answer : (a) anuria

Presence of stones in gall bladder cause (a) Failure of kidney (b) Dysentry (c) Obstructive jaundice (d) Anaemia

Description : Presence of stones in gall bladder cause (a) Failure of kidney (b) Dysentry (c) Obstructive jaundice (d) Anaemia

Last Answer : (c) Obstructive jaundice

Jaundice is due to (a) Failure of kidney (b) Failure of liver (c) Bacterial disease (d) A disease of blood

Description : Jaundice is due to (a) Failure of kidney (b) Failure of liver (c) Bacterial disease (d) A disease of blood

Last Answer : (b) Failure of liver