Describe the working of EGR valve with neat sketch.

Describe the working of EGR valve with neat sketch.
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Answer: Exhaust Gas Recirculation Valve (Operation-2 marks, Sketch-2 marks) When the engine is idling, the EGR valve is closed and there is no EGR flow into the manifold. The EGR valve remains closed until the engine is warm and is operating under load. As the load increases and combustion temperatures start to rise, the EGR valve opens and starts to leak exhaust back into the intake manifold. This has a quenching effect that lowers combustion temperatures and reduces the formation of NOx.

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Exhaust Gas Recirculation Valve The EGR system is used to reduce the amount of NOx in the exhaust. Nox production increases as the temperature inside the combustion chamber rises due to acceleration or heavy engine loads, because high temperature encourages the nitrogen and oxygen in air to combine. Therefore, the best way to decrease the production of Nox is to hold down the temperature in the combustion chamber. The EGR system re-circulates exhaust gases through the intake manifold in order to reduce the temperature at which combustion takes place. When the air: fuel mixture & exhaust gases are mixed together, the proportion of fuel in the air: fuel mixture naturally falls (mixture becomes leaner), & in addition, some of the heat produced by combustion of this mixture is carried away by the exhaust gas. The maximum temperature attained in the combustion chamber therefore falls, reducing the amount of Nox produced. The EGR system allows a small amount of exhaust gas (less than 10% of total) to be supplied into the incoming air: fuel mixture

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