What chemical agent effects the skin lungs and cellular structures of the body.?

What chemical agent effects the skin lungs and cellular structures of the body.?
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Answer: a, b, c, d Free oxygen radicals are chemical species that are intermediates in the normal process of cellular respiration. Oxidants that are free radicals have been implicated as initiators of reactions which lead to a variety of cellular injuries. Oxidants are derived from several sources, notably phagocytes. Among the effects of oxygen free radicals are membrane lipid peroxidation, DNA strand breaks, cytoskeletal disassembly and inhibition of glucose metabolism leading to decreased cellular ATP concentrations. (Figure 6-16) 187 Which of the following acute-phase protein levels are increased in human plasma following acute inflammation? a. C-reactive protein b. Serum amyloid c. a -Proteinase inhibitor d. Fibrinogen e. Albumin

Description : Answer: a, b, c, d Free oxygen radicals are chemical species that are intermediates in the normal process of cellular respiration. Oxidants that are free radicals have been implicated as initiators of ... a. C-reactive protein b. Serum amyloid c. a -Proteinase inhibitor d. Fibrinogen e. Albumin

Last Answer : Answer: a, b, c, d The acute-phase response is a series of homeostatic responses of the organism to tissue injury in infection and inflammation. After an inflammatory stimulus occurs, a number ... 30% to 50% of the level before injury. The reason for the decrease in production is poorly understood

How is carbon dioxide released by cellular respiration transported from the tissues to be eliminated through the lungs?

Description : How is carbon dioxide released by cellular respiration transported from the tissues to be eliminated through the lungs?

Last Answer : In vertebrates almost 70% of the carbon dioxide is transported by the blood in the form of bicarbonate, 25% bound to hemoglobin and 5% dissolved in the plasma.

What Both sets of lungs are surrounded by what protective structures?

Description : What Both sets of lungs are surrounded by what protective structures?

Last Answer : It is the rib cage that protects the lungs and other organs in the chest cavity.

Which one of the following are analogous structures? (a) Wings of bat and wings of pigeon (b) Gills of prawn and lungs of man (c) Thorns of Bougainvillea and tendrils of Cucurbita (d) Flippers of dolphin and legs of horse

Description : Which one of the following are analogous structures? (a) Wings of bat and wings of pigeon (b) Gills of prawn and lungs of man (c) Thorns of Bougainvillea and tendrils of Cucurbita (d) Flippers of dolphin and legs of horse

Last Answer : (a) Wings of bat and wings of pigeon

The figure shows a diagrammatic view of human respiratory system with labels A, B, C and D. Select the option which gives correct identification and main function and / or characteristic. (a) C - Alveoli - Thin walled vascular bag like structures for exchange of gases. (b) D - Lower end of lungs - Diaphragm pulls it down during inspiration. (c) A - Trachea - Long tube supported by complete cartilaginous rings for conducting inspired air. (d) B - Pleural membrane - Surround ribs on both sides to provide cushion against rubbing.

Description : The figure shows a diagrammatic view of human respiratory system with labels A, B, C and D. Select the option which gives correct identification and main function and / or characteristic. (a) C - ... air. (d) B - Pleural membrane - Surround ribs on both sides to provide cushion against rubbing.

Last Answer : (a) C - Alveoli - Thin walled vascular bag like structures for exchange of gases.

How did the first cellular structures evolve?

Description : How did the first cellular structures evolve?

Last Answer : Ok. Just so you know, I am not a cell biologist! I study evolution. This will probably be rudimentary, although I hope the gist is understandable. First of all, cells existed before DNA did. Their ... a brain exercise, I haven't thought about an organism smaller than a fish in a long time! :)

Neoplasms are best characterized as: C A. Malignant tumors B. A proliferation of cells that is characterized by its ability to invade contiguous structures C. A cellular proliferation in which growth is for the most part autonomous D. None of these

Description : Neoplasms are best characterized as: C A. Malignant tumors B. A proliferation of cells that is characterized by its ability to invade contiguous structures C. A cellular proliferation in which growth is for the most part autonomous D. None of these

Last Answer : A cellular proliferation in which growth is for the most part autonomous

Which is correct about cell theory in view of current status of our knowledge about cell structure? (a) It needs modification due to discovery of subcellular structures like chloroplasts and mitochondria. (b) Modified cell theory means that all living being are composed of cells capable of reproducing. (c) Cell theory does not hold good because all living beings (e.g., viruses) do not have cellular organisation. (d) Cell theory means that all living objects consists of cells whether or not capable of reproducing

Description : Which is correct about cell theory in view of current status of our knowledge about cell structure? (a) It needs modification due to discovery of subcellular structures like chloroplasts and ... Cell theory means that all living objects consists of cells whether or not capable of reproducing

Last Answer : (c) Cell theory does not hold good because all living beings (e.g., viruses) do not have cellular organisation.

State where are the stomata ideally located. Are they cellular structures?

Description : State where are the stomata ideally located. Are they cellular structures?

Last Answer : Answer. Stomata are minute pores found on the surface of leaf. Yes they are cellular structures.

02. What does “pharmacokinetics” include? a) Pharmacological effects of drugs b) Unwanted effects of drugs c) Chemical structure of a medicinal agent d) Distribution of drugs in the organism

Description : 02. What does “pharmacokinetics” include? a) Pharmacological effects of drugs b) Unwanted effects of drugs c) Chemical structure of a medicinal agent d) Distribution of drugs in the organism

Last Answer : d) Distribution of drugs in the organism

Persons in asbestos factories are affected by air pollution, the most affected part of their body is the (a) eye (b) throat (c) lungs (d) skin

Description : Persons in asbestos factories are affected by air pollution, the most affected part of their body is the (a) eye (b) throat (c) lungs (d) skin

Last Answer : Ans:(c)

Which part of human body is first highly affected by nuclear radition’? (1) Eyes (2) Lungs (3) Skin (4) Bone Marrow

Description : Which part of human body is first highly affected by nuclear radition’? (1) Eyes (2) Lungs (3) Skin (4) Bone Marrow

Last Answer : (3) Skin Explanation: When molten nuclear fuel melts through a nuclear power plant's barriers, it causes a serious radiation leak. The radioactive materials will seep out to the surrounding ... . Certain body parts are more specifically affected by exposure to different types of radiation sources.

Which part of human body is first highly affected by nuclear radiation ? (1) Eyes (2) Lungs (3) Skin (4) Bone Marrow

Description : Which part of human body is first highly affected by nuclear radiation ? (1) Eyes (2) Lungs (3) Skin (4) Bone Marrow

Last Answer : Skin

Which of the following structures present in mammalian skin directly helps in keeping the body warm? (1) Pigmented cells (2) Sweat glands (3) Lymph vessels (4) Blood capillaries

Description : Which of the following structures present in mammalian skin directly helps in keeping the body warm? (1) Pigmented cells (2) Sweat glands (3) Lymph vessels (4) Blood capillaries

Last Answer : (2) Sweat glands Explanation: In the skin, two types of glands are present.

Which of the following structures present in mammalian skin directly helps in keeping the body warm? (1) Pigmented cells (2) Sweat glands (3) Lymph vessels (4) Blood capillaries

Description : Which of the following structures present in mammalian skin directly helps in keeping the body warm? (1) Pigmented cells (2) Sweat glands (3) Lymph vessels (4) Blood capillaries

Last Answer : (3) Lymph vessels Explanation: The lymphatic system consists of a network of specialized lymphatic vessels and various tissues and organs throughout the body that contain lymphocytes (White Blood Cells) and ... skin and in the deeper fatty tissues near the muscles and can be found near arteries.

This major protein component of connective tissue in mammals comprises most of the organic matter of skin, tendons, bones, and teeth, and occurs as fibrous inclusions in most other body structures. Is this material: a) elastin b) collagen c) fatty acids d) keratin

Description : This major protein component of connective tissue in mammals comprises most of the organic matter of skin, tendons, bones, and teeth, and occurs as fibrous inclusions in most other body structures. Is this material: a) elastin b) collagen c) fatty acids d) keratin

Last Answer : ANSWER: B -- collagen 

Which of the following structures present in mammalian skin directly helps in keeping the body warm ? (1) Pigmented cells (2) Sweat glands (3) Lymph vessels (4) Blood capillaries

Description : Which of the following structures present in mammalian skin directly helps in keeping the body warm ? (1) Pigmented cells (2) Sweat glands (3) Lymph vessels (4) Blood capillaries

Last Answer : Lymph vessels

Interferon (A) Is virus specific (B) Is a bacterial product (C) Is a synthetic antiviral agent (D) Requires expression of cellular genes

Description : Interferon (A) Is virus specific (B) Is a bacterial product (C) Is a synthetic antiviral agent (D) Requires expression of cellular genes

Last Answer : Answer : D

What are side effects of ricin on the lungs?

Description : What are side effects of ricin on the lungs?

Last Answer : Need answer

Malaria is a disease which effects the------? A. Heart B. Lungs C. Spleen (Answer) D. Kidneys

Description : Malaria is a disease which effects the------? A. Heart B. Lungs C. Spleen (Answer) D. Kidneys

Last Answer : C. Spleen (Answer)

Which one of the following is not correct with regard to the harmful effects of particulate matter of the size 2.5  micrometer or less? (a) It can cause respiratory problems. (b) It can directly enter into our circulatory system. (c) It can cause inflammation and damage to the lungs. (d) It can be inhaled into the lungs.

Description : Which one of the following is not correct with regard to the harmful effects of particulate matter of the size 2.5  micrometer or less? (a) It can cause respiratory problems. (b) It can directly enter ... ) It can cause inflammation and damage to the lungs. (d) It can be inhaled into the lungs.

Last Answer : (b) It can directly enter into our circulatory system.

Malaria is a disease which effects the A.Heart B.Lungs C.Spleen D.Kidneys

Description : Malaria is a disease which effects the A.Heart B.Lungs C.Spleen D.Kidneys

Last Answer : C.Spleen

The complement system consists of a series of serum proteins that exist in a quiescent or very low-level state of activation in the uninfected host. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning complement activation? a. The alternate (properdin) pathway of complement activation can occur directly through contact with fungal or bacterial cell wall compounds b. Complement component fragments may serve to decrease vascular permeability c. Excessive complement activation can produce deleterious effects d. Fragments of certain complement components serve as chemoattractants to additional cellular components of the host defense mechanism

Description : The complement system consists of a series of serum proteins that exist in a quiescent or very low-level state of activation in the uninfected host. Which of the following ... certain complement components serve as chemoattractants to additional cellular components of the host defense mechanism

Last Answer : Answer: a, c, d Complement activation can occur through either classic or alternate (properdin) pathways, both of which eventuate in deposition of terminal complement pathway components on the ... and release of lysosomal enzymes that can directly damage certain target tissues, such as the lung

The organ which involve most frequent hypersensitivity reaction is a) Liver b) Kidney c) Skin d) Lungs e) Stomach

Description : The organ which involve most frequent hypersensitivity reaction is a) Liver b) Kidney c) Skin d) Lungs e) Stomach

Last Answer : Ans: C

How do most insects respire? (1) Through skin (2) Through gills (3) By tracheal system (4) By lungs

Description : How do most insects respire? (1) Through skin (2) Through gills (3) By tracheal system (4) By lungs

Last Answer : (3) By tracheal system Explanation: Insects do not have lungs to do respiration. In insects respiration takes place through tracheae. Tracheae are tube like structures that open on the sides of their body through tiny holes called spiracles.

Glaucoma is a disease of the - (1) Skin (2) Lungs (3) Liver (4) Eyes

Description : Glaucoma is a disease of the - (1) Skin (2) Lungs (3) Liver (4) Eyes

Last Answer : (4) Eyes Explanation: Glaucoma is an eye disease in which the optic nerve is damaged in a characteristic pattern. This can permanently damage vision in the affected eye(s) and lead to blindness if ... is used for those with optic nerve damage and associated visual field loss, but normal or low TOP.

Most drugs are excreted through-------? A. Kidney (Answer) B. Skin C. Gallbladder D. Lungs

Description : Most drugs are excreted through-------? A. Kidney (Answer) B. Skin C. Gallbladder D. Lungs

Last Answer : A. Kidney (Answer)

Leukemia is a disease of the------? A. Lungs B. Blood (Answer) C. Skin D. Nerves

Description : Leukemia is a disease of the------? A. Lungs B. Blood (Answer) C. Skin D. Nerves

Last Answer : B. Blood (Answer)

TB disease generally affects ofa) Kidney b) Stomach c) Lungs d) Skin

Description : TB disease generally affects of a) Kidney b) Stomach c) Lungs d) Skin

Last Answer : c) Lungs

Newborns exposed to Chlamydia trachomatis from an infected mother may experiencea. Toxic Shock Syndrome or Staphylococcal Skin Disease. b. Dental Caries When the Teeth Grow In. c. Destruction of the Reproductive Organs. d. Disease of the Eyes or Lungs.

Description : Newborns exposed to Chlamydia trachomatis from an infected mother may experience a. Toxic Shock Syndrome or Staphylococcal Skin Disease. b. Dental Caries When the Teeth Grow In. c. Destruction of the Reproductive Organs. d. Disease of the Eyes or Lungs.

Last Answer : d. Disease of the Eyes or Lungs.

Leukemia is a disease of the A.Lungs B.Blood C.Skin D.Nerves

Description : Leukemia is a disease of the A.Lungs B.Blood C.Skin D.Nerves

Last Answer : B.Blood

Depletion of ozone layer in the atmosphere causes cancer of a) skin b)stomach c)blood d)lungs

Description : Depletion of ozone layer in the atmosphere causes cancer of a) skin b)stomach c)blood d)lungs

Last Answer : a) skin

Smog leads to diseases of a) skin b)heart c)lungs d)stomach

Description : Smog leads to diseases of a) skin b)heart c)lungs d)stomach

Last Answer : c)lungs

Glaucoma is a disease of the (1) Skin (2) Lungs (3) Liver (4) Eyes

Description : Glaucoma is a disease of the (1) Skin (2) Lungs (3) Liver (4) Eyes

Last Answer : Eyes

The cellular layer that disintegrates and regenerates again and again in human skin is:

Description : The cellular layer that disintegrates and regenerates again and again in human skin is:

Last Answer : The cellular layer that disintegrates and regenerates again and again in human skin is: A. ... Dermis of skin D. Endothelium of blood vessels

During the course of a cellular hypersensitivity a. Antibodies react with antigens in tissues. b. Serotonin and histamine are released by cells. c. Immune complexes form on blood vessel surfacesd. A skin thickening called an induration may form..

Description : During the course of a cellular hypersensitivity a. Antibodies react with antigens in tissues. b. Serotonin and histamine are released by cells. c. Immune complexes form on blood vessel surfaces. d. A skin thickening called an induration may form.

Last Answer : b. Serotonin and histamine are released by cells.

Methotrexate has the following attributes except: A. It is cell cycle specific and kills cells in the S phase B. Its toxicity primarily affects bone marrow and epithelial structures C. Folic acid reverses its toxic effects D. It is the drug of choice for choriocarcinoma

Description : Methotrexate has the following attributes except: A. It is cell cycle specific and kills cells in the S phase B. Its toxicity primarily affects bone marrow and epithelial structures C. Folic acid reverses its toxic effects D. It is the drug of choice for choriocarcinoma

Last Answer : C. Folic acid reverses its toxic effects

What structures enable the skin to function as a sense organ?

Description : What structures enable the skin to function as a sense organ?

Last Answer : Sensory receptors are distributed all over the skin which perceive the stimuli. Touch receptors are located near the surface of the skin. Pressure receptors and pain receptors are located deep inside the skin.

During which stage of pressure ulcer development does the ulcer extend into the underlying structures, including the muscle and possibly the bone? a) Stage IV A stage IV pressure ulcer extends into the underlying structure, including the muscle and possibly the bone. b) Stage III A stage III ulcer extends into the subcutaneous tissue. c) Stage II A stage II ulcer exhibits a break in the skin through the epidermis or dermis. d) Stage I A stage I pressure ulcer is an area of nonblanchable erythema, tissue swelling, and congestion, and the patient complains of discomfort.

Description : During which stage of pressure ulcer development does the ulcer extend into the underlying structures, including the muscle and possibly the bone? a) Stage IV A stage IV pressure ulcer ... area of nonblanchable erythema, tissue swelling, and congestion, and the patient complains of discomfort.

Last Answer : a) Stage IV A stage IV pressure ulcer extends into the underlying structure, including the muscle and possibly the bone.

40 year old lady presented with swelling in the right side of the upper part of the neck below the ear lobule for last 10 years. Swelling is painless and gradually growing. On examination of the swelling, the surface is smooth, margins are well defined, and is free from skin and underlying structures. Histologically, architectural pleomorphism is seen. What is the most probable diagnosis Options: 1) Lipoma 2) Rhabdomyosarcoma 3) Chronic sialadenitis 4) Mixed parotid tumour

Description : 40 year old lady presented with swelling in the right side of the upper part of the neck below the ear lobule for last 10 years. Swelling is painless and gradually growing. On examination ... diagnosis Options: 1) Lipoma 2) Rhabdomyosarcoma 3) Chronic sialadenitis 4) Mixed parotid tumour

Last Answer : Correct Answer: 4) Mixed parotid tumour

Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning pharmacologic agents used in the treatment of shock? a. The primary difference between dopamine and dobutamine is the absence of significant a adrenergic activity b. The renal and mesenteric vasoconstrictive effects of norepinephrine complicate and sometimes restrict its use c. The apparent paradoxical use of vasodilators, such as nitroprusside, in shock is indicated as a means to augment cardiac function d. Isoproterenol with its potent b-adrenergic effect, is a particularly useful agent in the treatment of all forms of shock

Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning pharmacologic agents used in the treatment of shock? a. The primary difference between dopamine and dobutamine is the absence of significant a ... b-adrenergic effect, is a particularly useful agent in the treatment of all forms of shock

Last Answer : Answer: a, b, c Therapeutic adjustments of intravascular volume (preload) and systemic vascular resistance (afterload) form the basis of the treatment strategies for all ... careful constant monitoring of arterial pressure and repeated hemodynamic measurements with a pulmonary artery catheter

The use of antibiotics can be based on either the clinical course of a patient without the benefit of well-defined microbiologic data (empiric therapy), or targeted at specific identified pathogens once sensitivity reports are available (directed therapy). The following statement(s) is/are true concerning these therapies. a. The issue of toxic side effects of antibiotics is only important in dealing with emperic therapy b. Single agent therapy is generally inferior to specific multi-drug therapy (aminoglycoside plus an antianaerobic agent) for the treatment of secondary bacterial peritonitis due to appendicitis, diverticulitis, penetrating gastrointestinal injury, or anastomotic leak c. With the empiric use of antibiotics, a diligent search for the septic source should be undertaken and co

Description : The use of antibiotics can be based on either the clinical course of a patient without the benefit of well-defined microbiologic data (empiric therapy), or targeted at ... which polymicrobial infection is identified, specifically-directed treatment for the predominant organism is satisfactory

Last Answer : Answer: c The use of empiric therapy without the benefit of well-defined microbiologic data is appropriate when there is sufficient clinical evidence to support the diagnosis such that it would ... components of the infection if the body site is such that these microorganisms may be present

Which of the following medications are used to reverse the effects of heparin? a) Protamine sulfate Protamine sulfate is known as the antagonist to heparin. b) Streptokinase Streptokinase is a thrombolytic agent. c) Clopidigrel (Plavix) Clopidigrel (Plavix) is an antiplatelet medication that is given to reduce the risk of thrombus formation post coronary stent placement. d) Aspirin The antiplatelet effect of aspirin does not reverse the effects of heparin.

Description : Which of the following medications are used to reverse the effects of heparin? a) Protamine sulfate Protamine sulfate is known as the antagonist to heparin. b) Streptokinase Streptokinase is a ... placement. d) Aspirin The antiplatelet effect of aspirin does not reverse the effects of heparin.

Last Answer : a) Protamine sulfate Protamine sulfate is known as the antagonist to heparin.

Chemical which are nono-nutrients and act as inter cellular messengers are known as

Description : Chemical which are nono-nutrients and act as inter cellular messengers are known as

Last Answer : Chemical which are nono-nutrients and act as inter cellular messengers are known as

Considering the chemical equation of the aerobic cellular respiration which molecules does the cell need and which molecules does it liberate in the process?

Description : Considering the chemical equation of the aerobic cellular respiration which molecules does the cell need and which molecules does it liberate in the process?

Last Answer : Considering the chemical equation of the aerobic cellular respiration it is observed that glucose and molecular oxygen are needed as reagents and carbon dioxide and water are released. The process also spends ADP and phosphate that turn into ATP.

What is the chemical equation of the aerobic cellular respiration?

Description : What is the chemical equation of the aerobic cellular respiration?

Last Answer : The chemical equation of the aerobic cellular respiration is the following: C6H12O6 + 6 O2 + 36 ADP + 36 P --> 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + 36 ATP

Isolation of cellular components to determine their chemical composition is called (A) Cell differentiation (B) Chromatography (C) Cell fractionation (D) All of these

Description : Isolation of cellular components to determine their chemical composition is called (A) Cell differentiation (B) Chromatography (C) Cell fractionation (D) All of these

Last Answer : (C) Cell fractionation

Bartonelia henselae is the causative agent of this skin disease.a. Leprosy b. Cat-scratch disease c. Necrotizing fasciitis d. Rat-bite fever

Description : Bartonelia henselae is the causative agent of this skin disease. a. Leprosy b. Cat-scratch disease c. Necrotizing fasciitis d. Rat-bite fever

Last Answer : a. Leprosy

The role of borax in cold creams is (A) anti-microbial agent (B) to provide fine particles to polish skin (C) in-situ emulsifier (D) antioxidant

Description : The role of borax in cold creams is (A) anti-microbial agent (B) to provide fine particles to polish skin (C) in-situ emulsifier (D) antioxidant

Last Answer : (A) anti-microbial agent