Results of the Ohio State Leadership studies indicated that there are two major dimensions of leadership behaviour. What are they? (a) Achievement and structure ; (b) Consideration and structure (c) Consideration and power ; (d) Achievement and power

Results of the Ohio State Leadership studies indicated that there are two major dimensions of leadership behaviour. What are they? (a) Achievement and structure ; (b) Consideration and structure (c) Consideration and power ; (d) Achievement and power
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; (b) Consideration and structure
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Which of the following leadership behaviours are identified by the path-goal theory? (a) Supportive, employee-oriented, laissez-faire and participative (b) Achievement-oriented, supportive, humanistic, and directive (c) Participative, achievement-oriented, directive, and supportive (d) Directive, participative, supportive, and laissez-faire

Description : Which of the following leadership behaviours are identified by the path-goal theory? (a) Supportive, employee-oriented, laissez-faire and participative (b) Achievement-oriented, supportive, ... -oriented, directive, and supportive (d) Directive, participative, supportive, and laissez-faire

Last Answer : (c) Participative, achievement-oriented, directive, and supportive 

Within an organisation, leadership influence will be dependent upon the type of ________ that the leader can exercise over the followers. (a) Power ; (b) friendship ; (c) knowledge ; (d) delegation [hint: Within an organisation, leadership influence will be dependent upon the type of power that a leader can exercise over followers. The exercise of power is a social process which helps to explain how different people can influence the behaviour/actions of others.]

Description : Within an organisation, leadership influence will be dependent upon the type of ________ that the leader can exercise over the followers. (a) Power ; (b) friendship ; (c) knowledge ; (d) ... a social process which helps to explain how different people can influence the behaviour/actions of others.]

Last Answer : (a) Power ;

Tannenbaum and Schmidt‟s continuum of possible leadership behaviour identifies four main styles of leadership by the manager. What are they? (a) Commands, helps, joins and leads ; (b) Tells, sells, consults and joins (c) Tells, helps, joins and leads ; (d) Commands, sells, consults and resists

Description : Tannenbaum and Schmidt‟s continuum of possible leadership behaviour identifies four main styles of leadership by the manager. What are they? (a) Commands, helps, joins and leads ; (b) Tells, sells, consults and joins (c) Tells, helps, joins and leads ; (d) Commands, sells, consults and resists

Last Answer : (b) Tells, sells, consults and joins

Another contingency model of leadership is the path-goal theory. This suggests that subordinates will see leadership behaviour as a motivating influence if (a) their effective performance will satisfy their needs (b) the necessary direction, guidance, training and support is provided (c) path-goal relationships are clarified ; (d) all the above

Description : Another contingency model of leadership is the path-goal theory. This suggests that subordinates will see leadership behaviour as a motivating influence if (a) their effective performance will satisfy their needs ... support is provided (c) path-goal relationships are clarified ; (d) all the above

Last Answer : (d) all the above

Contingency theories of leadership are based on the belief that (a) there is no single style of leadership appropriate to all situations (b) there is a single style of leadership appropriate to all managers (c) there is a single style of leadership appropriate to all situations (d) none of the above [hint: Contingency theories of leadership are based on the belief that there is no single style of leadership appropriate to all situations as it will be dependent upon the interactions between the variables involved in a leadership situation and patterns of leadership behaviour.]

Description : Contingency theories of leadership are based on the belief that (a) there is no single style of leadership appropriate to all situations (b) there is a single style of leadership ... the interactions between the variables involved in a leadership situation and patterns of leadership behaviour.]

Last Answer : (a) there is no single style of leadership appropriate to all situations 

Autocratic, Democratic and Laissez-faire leader behavior styles were introduced by _________. (a) University of Iowa researcher ; (b) Michigan Studies ; (c) Ohio State Studies (d) None of given option

Description : Autocratic, Democratic and Laissez-faire leader behavior styles were introduced by _________. (a) University of Iowa researcher ; (b) Michigan Studies ; (c) Ohio State Studies (d) None of given option

Last Answer : (a) University of Iowa researcher ;

Which of the following is the best explanation of business process reengineering? A. Redesigning the organizational structure of a business B. Redesigning workflow C. Redesigning products D. Transformation of business processes for more effective achievement of business goals

Description : Which of the following is the best explanation of business process reengineering? A. Redesigning the organizational structure of a business B. Redesigning workflow C. Redesigning products D. Transformation of business processes for more effective achievement of business goals

Last Answer : D. Transformation of business processes for more effective achievement of business goals

Which of the following are not so easy for management to influence and change during strategy implementation? A. Style of Leadership B. StrategyC. SystemsD. Structure

Description : Which of the following are not so easy for management to influence and change during strategy implementation? A. Style of Leadership B. Strategy C. Systems D. Structure

Last Answer : Style of Leadership

Which of the following are easier for management to influence and change during strategy implementation? A. Staffing B. Style of Leadership C. Structure D. Skills

Description : Which of the following are easier for management to influence and change during strategy implementation? A. Staffing B. Style of Leadership C. Structure D. Skills

Last Answer : Structure

Which of these is NOT a reason why some Firms do no Strategic Planning ? A. Company is Lazy B. Competitive Leadership C. Honest difference of opinion D. Poor reward structure

Description : Which of these is NOT a reason why some Firms do no Strategic Planning ? A. Company is Lazy B. Competitive Leadership C. Honest difference of opinion D. Poor reward structure

Last Answer : Competitive Leadership

Which of the following statements about leadership is false? (a) Leadership does not necessarily take place within a hierarchical structure of an organisation. (b) Not every leader is a manager. (c) When people operate as leaders their role is always clearly established and define(d) (d) All the above.

Description : Which of the following statements about leadership is false? (a) Leadership does not necessarily take place within a hierarchical structure of an organisation. (b) Not every leader is a manager. (c) ... operate as leaders their role is always clearly established and define(d) (d) All the above.

Last Answer : (c) When people operate as leaders their role is always clearly established and define(d) 

Who proposed that achievement, affiliation and power are three important needs that help explain motivation in workplace situations? (a) McClelland ; (b) Maslow ; (c) Alderfer ; (d) Herzberg

Description : Who proposed that achievement, affiliation and power are three important needs that help explain motivation in workplace situations? (a) McClelland ; (b) Maslow ; (c) Alderfer ; (d) Herzberg

Last Answer : (a) McClelland ;

Which of the following are described as one of the Big Five personality traits? A. tolerance of others. B. need for achievement. C. propensity to leadership. D. locus of control.

Description : Which of the following are described as one of the Big Five personality traits? A. tolerance of others. B. need for achievement. C. propensity to leadership. D. locus of control.

Last Answer : B. need for achievement.

_____ is a process that begins when one party perceives that another party has negatively affected, or is about to negatively affect, something that the first party cares about. (a) Politics ; (b) Consideration ; (c) Power ; (d) Conflict

Description : _____ is a process that begins when one party perceives that another party has negatively affected, or is about to negatively affect, something that the first party cares about. (a) Politics ; (b) Consideration ; (c) Power ; (d) Conflict

Last Answer : (d) Conflict

__________ is the capacity to affect the behaviors of others. (a) Leadership ; (b) Power ; (c) Trait ; (d) Aggression

Description : __________ is the capacity to affect the behaviors of others. (a) Leadership ; (b) Power ; (c) Trait ; (d) Aggression 

Last Answer : (b) Power ;

The ______________ style of leadership is where the focus of power is with the manager. The manager alone exercises decision-making, authority and the control of rewards or punishments. (a) democratic (b) laissez-faire (c) authoritarian (d) None of the above

Description : The ______________ style of leadership is where the focus of power is with the manager. The manager alone exercises decision-making, authority and the control of rewards or punishments. (a) democratic (b) ... a decision to pass the focus of power to members but is readily available if neede(d)]

Last Answer : (c) authoritarian 

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Description : How does Hofstede view Masculinity in a given society? A. As a representation of achievement, assertiveness and material reward for success. B. As a preference for cooperation, modesty, and quality ... of individualism and personal free will. D. As a preference for virtue and moral standard.

Last Answer : As a representation of achievement, assertiveness and material reward for success

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Description : Company policy, administration, supervision, interpersonal relations, working conditions, and salary are characterized as: (a) Growth factors ; (b) Achievement factors ; (c) Hygiene factors ; (d) Motivating factors

Last Answer : (c) Hygiene factors ;

Which of the following would be classified by Herzberg as a hygiene factor? (a) Responsibility ; (b) Company policy ; (c) Personal growth ; (d) Achievement

Description : Which of the following would be classified by Herzberg as a hygiene factor? (a) Responsibility ; (b) Company policy ; (c) Personal growth ; (d) Achievement

Last Answer :  (b) Company policy ;

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Description : Behaviour, power, and conflict are central areas of study for _____________. (a) Sociologist ; (b) Anthropologists ; (c) Social psychologists ; (d) Operations analysts

Last Answer : (a) Sociologist ;

Which of the following is a strength of the divisional structure? (a) It focuses on results ; (b) It gains advantages due to work specialization (c) Employees have more than one boss ; (d) It is based solely on teams

Description : Which of the following is a strength of the divisional structure? (a) It focuses on results ; (b) It gains advantages due to work specialization (c) Employees have more than one boss ; (d) It is based solely on teams

Last Answer : (a) It focuses on results ; 

According to Robert Katz, when managers have the mental ability to analyze and diagnose complex situations, they possess _____________ skills. (a) Technical ; (b) Leadership ; (c) Problem-solving ; (d) Conceptual

Description : According to Robert Katz, when managers have the mental ability to analyze and diagnose complex situations, they possess _____________ skills. (a) Technical ; (b) Leadership ; (c) Problem-solving ; (d) Conceptual

Last Answer : ; (d) Conceptual 

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Description : Special consideration in order to mitigate earthquake earthquake like disasters is given also to protect (a) Heritage buildings (b)Buildings of cultural and historical importance (c) Scientific and Technological laboratories (d) All of the above

Last Answer : (d) All of the above

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Last Answer : Degree of international co-ordination

Which one of the following is not one of Porter's three generic strategies that lead to competitive advantage? A. Cost leadership B. Differentiation C. Evolution D. Focus

Description : Which one of the following is not one of Porter's three generic strategies that lead to competitive advantage? A. Cost leadership B. Differentiation C. Evolution D. Focus

Last Answer : Evolution

Which one of the following is not one of Porter's three generic strategies that lead to competitive advantage? A. Cost leadership B. Differentiation C. Evolution D. Focus

Description : Which one of the following is not one of Porter's three generic strategies that lead to competitive advantage? A. Cost leadership B. Differentiation C. Evolution D. Focus

Last Answer : Focus

Which of these is not a reason why some firms do no strategic planning? a. Laziness b. Competitive leadership c. Honest difference of opinion d. Poor reward structures

Description : Which of these is not a reason why some firms do no strategic planning? a. Laziness b. Competitive leadership c. Honest difference of opinion d. Poor reward structures

Last Answer : Competitive leadership

When a group gives some of its leadership positions to the members of other group, it is (a) Contracting ; (b) Co-opting ; (c) Co-alition ; (d) Competition

Description : When a group gives some of its leadership positions to the members of other group, it is (a) Contracting ; (b) Co-opting ; (c) Co-alition ; (d) Competition

Last Answer : (b) Co-opting ; 

Which of the following is not a contingency theory of leadership (a) LPC theory ; (b) Path Goal theory ; (c) Vroom-Yetton-Jago theory ; (d) Job centered Leadership

Description : Which of the following is not a contingency theory of leadership (a) LPC theory ; (b) Path Goal theory ; (c) Vroom-Yetton-Jago theory ; (d) Job centered Leadership 

Last Answer : (d) Job centered Leadership

Path-goal model of Leadership was introduced by (a) Martin Evans & Robert House ; (b) Fred Fielder ; (c) Whetton ; (d) Cameron

Description : Path-goal model of Leadership was introduced by (a) Martin Evans & Robert House ; (b) Fred Fielder ; (c) Whetton ; (d) Cameron

Last Answer : (a) Martin Evans & Robert House ;

Least Preferred Co-worker ( LPC) model of leadership was developed by (a) Martin Evans ; (b) Robert House ; (c) Fred Fielder ; (d) Whetton

Description : Least Preferred Co-worker ( LPC) model of leadership was developed by (a) Martin Evans ; (b) Robert House ; (c) Fred Fielder ; (d) Whetton

Last Answer : (c) Fred Fielder ;

Which one of the following is/are leadership theories? (a) Trait theory ; (b) Behavior theory ; (c) Contingency theory ; (d) All of these

Description : Which one of the following is/are leadership theories? (a) Trait theory ; (b) Behavior theory ; (c) Contingency theory ; (d) All of these

Last Answer : Behavioral approach

-----------leadership emphasize on rules and regulation in an organization (a) Democratic ; (b) Autocratic ; (c) Laissez-faire ; (d) Bureaucratic

Description : -----------leadership emphasize on rules and regulation in an organization (a) Democratic ; (b) Autocratic ; (c) Laissez-faire ; (d) Bureaucratic 

Last Answer : (d) Bureaucratic

Free rein leadership is also known as (a) Democratic ; (b) Autocratic ; (c) Laissez-faire ; (d) Bureaucratic

Description : Free rein leadership is also known as (a) Democratic ; (b) Autocratic ; (c) Laissez-faire ; (d) Bureaucratic

Last Answer : ; (c) Laissez-faire ;

In---------- in fact “No leadership at all” (a) Democratic ; (b) Autocratic ; (c) Free rein ; (d) Bureaucratic

Description : In---------- in fact “No leadership at all” (a) Democratic ; (b) Autocratic ; (c) Free rein ; (d) Bureaucratic

Last Answer :  (c) Free rein ;

In --------------leadership, there is a complete centralization of authority in the leader (a) Democratic ; (b) Autocratic ; (c) Free rein ; (d) Bureaucratic

Description : In --------------leadership, there is a complete centralization of authority in the leader (a) Democratic ; (b) Autocratic ; (c) Free rein ; (d) Bureaucratic 

Last Answer : (b) Autocratic ;

---------------is the ability of influencing people to strive willingly for mutual objectives (a) Motivation ; (b) Control ; (c) Leadership ; (c) Supervision

Description : ---------------is the ability of influencing people to strive willingly for mutual objectives (a) Motivation ; (b) Control ; (c) Leadership ; (c) Supervision

Last Answer :  (c) Leadership ;

Individual-level independent variables include all of the following except. (a) Leadership ; (b) Learning ; (c) Perception ; (d) Motivation

Description : Individual-level independent variables include all of the following except. (a) Leadership ; (b) Learning ; (c) Perception ; (d) Motivation

Last Answer : (a) Leadership ;

Which leadership theory suggests that management style should adapt itself to changing circumstances? (a) Contingency theory ; (b) Delegation theory ; (c) Autocratic theory ; (d) Participatory theory

Description : Which leadership theory suggests that management style should adapt itself to changing circumstances? (a) Contingency theory ; (b) Delegation theory ; (c) Autocratic theory ; (d) Participatory theory

Last Answer : (a) Contingency theory ;

Leadership can _______ subordinates to help the organization achieve its goals. (a) Motivate ; (b) Communicate ; (c) Direct ; (d) All of the above

Description : Leadership can _______ subordinates to help the organization achieve its goals. (a) Motivate ; (b) Communicate ; (c) Direct ; (d) All of the above 

Last Answer : (d) All of the above 

Hersey and Blanchard present a form of situational leadership based on the ___________ of the people the leader is attempting to influence. (a) Readiness ; (b) personality ; (c) intelligence ; (d) motivation

Description : Hersey and Blanchard present a form of situational leadership based on the ___________ of the people the leader is attempting to influence. (a) Readiness ; (b) personality ; (c) intelligence ; (d) motivation

Last Answer : (a) Readiness ;

The functional approach to leadership emphasises that (a) the various functions of leadership cannot be shared among members of a group (b) leadership resides in a particular person and not in the functions (c) both of the above (d) neither of the above

Description : The functional approach to leadership emphasises that (a) the various functions of leadership cannot be shared among members of a group (b) leadership resides in a particular person and not in the ... person and that the various functions of leadership can be shared amongst members of a group.]

Last Answer : (d) neither of the above

To determine whether one's leadership style is task- or relationship-oriented, the leader must fill in the Least Coworker Participation (LCP) scale. (a) True ; (b) False

Description : To determine whether one's leadership style is task- or relationship-oriented, the leader must fill in the Least Coworker Participation (LCP) scale. (a) True ; (b) False

Last Answer : (b) False 

Transformational leadership focuses on middle and first line managers. (a) True ; (b) False

Description : Transformational leadership focuses on middle and first line managers. (a) True ; (b) False 

Last Answer : (b) False 

While considering the seven leadership styles described by the leadership continuum, all of the following are variables that need to be considered for a manager, EXCEPT, (a) manager's preferred style based on experience. (b) manager's preferred style based on expectation. (c) manager's preferred style based on knowledge. (d) manager's preferred style based on confidence in upper management.

Description : While considering the seven leadership styles described by the leadership continuum, all of the following are variables that need to be considered for a manager, EXCEPT, (a) manager's preferred style ... style based on knowledge. (d) manager's preferred style based on confidence in upper management.

Last Answer : (d) manager's preferred style based on confidence in upper management. 

Transformational leadership is about change, _________, and entrepreneurship. (a) Motivation ; (b) innovation ; (c) loyalty ; (d) enthusiasm

Description : Transformational leadership is about change, _________, and entrepreneurship. (a) Motivation ; (b) innovation ; (c) loyalty ; (d) enthusiasm

Last Answer : (b) innovation ;

The Hawthorne studies: (a) Found that to increase worker efficiency, management must analyze and minimize the motions required to complete a task. (b) Found that when workers know they are being watched, their productivity increases. (c) Found that a worker is inherently lazy and will use any excuse not to perform their duties. (d) Found that workers accept a managerial directive only if it is acceptable in terms of their personal interests.

Description : The Hawthorne studies: (a) Found that to increase worker efficiency, management must analyze and minimize the motions required to complete a task. (b) Found that when workers know they are ... that workers accept a managerial directive only if it is acceptable in terms of their personal interests.

Last Answer : (b) Found that when workers know they are being watched, their productivity increases. 

Ansoff's matrix is useful for what? A. Integrating a business's marketing strategy with general strategic direction B. Establishing an editorial calendar for staff to follow C. Understanding buyer personas and buyer behaviour D. Hiring new staff and training them on marketing tactics

Description : Ansoff's matrix is useful for what? A. Integrating a business's marketing strategy with general strategic direction B. Establishing an editorial calendar for staff to follow C. Understanding buyer personas and buyer behaviour D. Hiring new staff and training them on marketing tactics

Last Answer : Integrating a business's marketing strategy with general strategic direction