Explain the operation of a full wave bridge rectifier with π filter using a neat diagram. Draw input and output waveforms.

Explain the operation of a full wave bridge rectifier with π filter using a neat diagram. Draw input and output waveforms.
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1 Answer

Answer :

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During positive half-cycle of input, the secondary voltage VAB is positive, so diodes D1 and D2 forward biased and D3 and D4 reverse biased.

The load current flows from terminal A through D1, L, RL, D2 to terminal B. The load voltage and load current are positive.

During negative half-cycle of input, the secondary voltage VAB becomes negative, i.e.VBA is positive. So diodes D3 and D4 forward biased and D1 and D2 reverse biased.

The load current flows from terminal B through D3, L, RL, D4 to terminal A. The load voltage and load current are once again positive.

The output of bridge rectifier is full wave rectified pulsating DC. The ripples in the current are reduced by filter inductor and the ripples in voltage are reduced by filter capacitors.

Thus the pulsating DC is smoothened by filter and smooth DC voltage appears across the load. The input and output waveforms are shown in the figure.


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Explanation: During first half cycle of the AC input, the upper portion of the transformer secondary winding is positive with respect to the lower portion. Diodes D1 and D2 are forward biased and diodes D3 and D4 are reverse biased. Current flows through path- D1 –R- load resistance - D2 and back. During the next half cycle, lower portion of the transformer is positive with respect to the upper portion. During this half cycle diodes D3 and D4 are forward biased and D1 and D2 are reverse biased. Current flows through path- D3 –R- load resistance– D4 and back. The output of bridge rectifier is full wave rectified pulsating DC. The ripples in the current are reduced by filter inductor and the ripples in voltage are reduced by filter capacitors. Thus the pulsating DC is smoothened by filter and smooth DC voltage appears across the load. The input and output waveforms are shown in the figure.


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