How to Build a Wheelchair Ramp
Wheelchair ramps are sturdy structures that allow disabled people to gain access to places they might otherwise have difficulty going to. Many societies have pushed for this type of structure to eliminate discrimination against people with disabilities.
For instance, in the U.S., wheelchair ramps have become a common sight since the introduction of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990. This law basically dictates the need for ramps and other aides to the disabled.
Though most private properties in the U.S. are not required to build wheelchair ramps, owners of these establishments and residences often build one anyway since wheelchair ramps offer safety and comfort for residents and visitors with mobility issues such as the aged and parents who use strollers for their babies.
Know your laws and follow the guidelines.
Study the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) first before starting your wheelchair ramp project. According to the ADA, you have to make sure that the slope of your ramp cannot be more than one inch of rise for every 12 inches of run.
For a platform that is 25 inches in height, you must construct a ramp that is at least 25 feet long. Try measuring up from the ground to determine the number of inches the ramp must rise.
Also, check any other related policies with your local building inspection department to ensure that you are following all the guidelines set and secure the needed permit if needed before starting construction.
Get some ideas first.
Go around your neighborhood to take pictures that can help you design your wheelchair ramp. The planning process should also include going through actual ramps and examining its appearance. You can also ask around to get more inspiration and guidance on the existing laws and needed materials plus construction tools.
If you can, seek a professional contractor who has knowledge in ADA construction. The tips that you will be getting will help ensure that the ramp that you will be building is functional, durable and ADA compliant.
Start building.
First, take accurate and careful measurements from your site. Once this is done, make a layout and determine if you would like a ramp that is L- or U-shaped or a switchback.
The end of the ramp should have ample space for disabled people to leave the property and access any other transportation. The bottom part of the ramp should also have an even ground to allow a safe and smooth transition.
Your ramp should at least be 36 inches wide when measured between railings for it to be functional. Make it at least 40 inches wide to ensure that a wheelchair can easily fit in. You should also make sure that there’s enough level landings for the user to maneuver and open doors.
For instance, if a run in the ramp that you’re building is around 30 feet long, you’ll have to build a level landing that is 5′ long and as wide as the ramp. An L-shaped ramp should have a 5′ x 5′ landing while a switchback should have turns measuring 5′ x 8′.
Lastly, consider the costs involved. Use the correct construction materials and always think long-term in terms of wheelchair ramp construction and usage. Wood can initially be inexpensive but can be costly in the long run because of maintenance costs. A ramp made of pressure treated lumber usually lasts longer.