Description : The smooth muscle structure that is relaxed by cholinergic drugs is: A. Colon B. Gastric fundus C. Major bronchi D. Bladder trigone
Last Answer : D. Bladder trigone
Description : The bladder trigone and prostatic muscles are relaxed by: A. Adrenergic α1 agonists B. Adrenergic α1 antagonists C. Adrenergic α2 agonists D. Adrenergic α2 antagonists
Last Answer : B. Adrenergic α1 antagonists
Description : The organ most sensitive to actions of atropine is: A. Gastric glands B. Salivary glands C. Urinary bladder muscle D. Heart
Last Answer : B. Salivary glands
Description : Edrophonium is more suitable for differentiating myasthenic crisis from cholinergic crisis because of its: A. Shorter duration of action B. Longer duration of action C. Direct action on muscle end-plate D. Selective inhibition of true cholinesterase
Last Answer : A. Shorter duration of action
Description : The major postjunctional cholinergic receptor is of the muscarinic type at the following site: A. Postganglionic parasympathetic B. Adrenal medulla C. Autonomic ganglia D. Neuromuscular junction
Last Answer : A. Postganglionic parasympathetic
Description : Choose the correct statement about drotaverine: A. It is a smooth muscle antispasmodic acting by non-anticholinergic mechanisms B. It is a papaverine congener used in peripheral vascular diseases C. It ... used to control diarrhoea D. It is a M1/M3 selective antagonist used for spastic constipation
Last Answer : A. It is a smooth muscle antispasmodic acting by non-anticholinergic mechanisms
Description : Cholinergic muscarinic receptor stimulation produces the following effects except: A. Sweating B. Rise in blood pressure C. Bradycardia D. Urination
Last Answer : B. Rise in blood pressure
Description : Muscarinic cholinergic receptors: A. Are located only on parasympathetically innervated effector cells B. Mediate responses by opening an intrinsic Na+ ion channel C. Are present on vascular endothelium which has no cholinergic nerve supply D. Predominate in the autonomic ganglia
Last Answer : C. Are present on vascular endothelium which has no cholinergic nerve supply
Description : Cromolyn has as its major action (a) Block of calcium channels in lymphocytes (b) Block of mediator release from mast cells (c) Block of phosphodiesterase in mast cells and basophils (d) Smooth muscle relaxation in the bronchi (e) Stimulation of cortisol release by the adrenals
Last Answer : Ans: B
Description : Stimulation of the cholinergic pathway results in: a. ciliary muscle contraction b. a decrease in atrial contractility c. gall bladder contraction d. all above
Last Answer : all above
Description : The smooth muscle stimulating action of 5-HT is most marked in the (a) Bronchi (b) Intestines (c) Ureter (d) Billary tract
Description : The smooth muscle stimulating action of 5-HT is most marked in the: A. Bronchi B. Intestines C. Ureter D. Biliary tract
Last Answer : B. Intestines
Description : Sildenafil is contraindicated in patients taking the following class of drugs: A. α-adrenergic blockers B. β-adrenergic blockers C. Organic nitrates D. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors
Last Answer : C. Organic nitrates
Description : Which of the following drugs has been used both as orally active nasal decongestant as well as appetite suppressant, and has been implicated in precipitating haemorrhagic stroke: A. Dexfenfluramine B. Phenylpropanolamine C. Isoxsuprine D. Oxymetazoline
Last Answer : B. Phenylpropanolamine
Description : The following is not a feature of cardioselective beta blockers, when compared to propranolol: A. They are ineffective in suppressing muscle tremor B. They are safer in diabetics C. They are less likely to cause bradycardia D. They are less likely to worsen Raynaud’s disease
Last Answer : C. They are less likely to cause bradycardia
Description : Low doses of adrenaline dilate the following vascular bed: A. Cutaneous B. Mucosal C. Renal D. Skeletal muscle
Last Answer : D. Skeletal muscle
Description : The mechanism by which neostigmine improves contraction of myasthenic muscle involves: A. Repetitive binding of the acetylcholine molecules to the same receptors at the muscle endplate B. Diffusion of ... Activation of motor end-plate receptors by neostigmine molecules themselves D. All of the above
Last Answer : D. All of the above
Description : Neostigmine is preferred over physostigmine for treating myasthenia gravis because: A. It is better absorbed orally B. It has longer duration of action C. It has additional direct agonistic action on nicotinic receptors at the muscle end plate D. It penetrates blood-brain barrier
Last Answer : C. It has additional direct agonistic action on nicotinic receptors at the muscle end plate
Description : Which of the following organs is innervated only by parasympathetic nerves: A. Iris muscles B. Ciliary musclele C. Sweat glands D. Splenic capsu
Last Answer : B. Ciliary musclele
Description : Which of the following organs is innervated only by parasympathetic nerves: A. Iris muscles B. Ciliary muscle C. Sweat glands D. Splenic capsule
Last Answer : B. Ciliary muscle
Description : The effect of sympathetic nervous system include: a. contraction of the bladder detrusor muscle b pupillary dilatation c. reduced gastrointestinal motility d. constricts bronchiole smooth muscle
Last Answer : pupillary dilatation
Last Answer : reduced gastrointestinal motility
Description : Atropine overdose may cause which one of the following (a) Gastrointestinal smooth muscle crampine (b) Increased cardiac rate (c) Increased gastric secretion (d) Pupillary constriction (e) Urinary frequency
Description : Which of the following will result from blockade of H2 receptors? (a) Decreased camp in cardiac muscle (b) Increased camp in cardiac muscle (c) Decreased IP3 in gastric mucosa (d) Increased IP3 in gastric mucosa (e) Increased IP3 in smooth muscle
Last Answer : Ans: A
Description : Which of the following body substances causes increased gastric secretion, dilation of capillaries, and constriction of the bronchial smooth muscle? a) Histamine When cells are damaged, ... Prostaglandin Prostaglandins are unsaturated fatty acids that have a wide assortment of biologic activity.
Last Answer : a) Histamine When cells are damaged, histamine is released.
Description : Choose the drug which blocks basal as well as stimulated gastric acid secretion without affecting cholinergic, histaminergic or gastrin receptors: A. Famotidine B. Loxatidine C. Omeprazole D. Pirenzepine
Last Answer : C. Omeprazole
Description : Histamine H2 blockers attenuate the gastric secretory response to acetylcholine and pentagastrin as well because: A. H2 blockers block gastric mucosal cholinergic and gastrin receptors as well B. H2 ... acetylcholine and gastrin all act through the phospholipase C-IP3:DAG pathway in gastric mucosa
Last Answer : C. Acetylcholine and gastrin act partly by releasing histamine in gastric mucosa
Description : The opioid antidiarrhoeal drugs act by the following mechanism(s): A. They relax the intestinal smooth muscle B. They inhibit intestinal peristalsis C. They promote clearance of intestinal pathogens Aim4aiims.in D. All of the above
Last Answer : B. They inhibit intestinal peristalsis
Description : Select the β-adrenergic blocker that has additional α1 blocking, vasodilator and antioxidant properties: A. Carvedilol B. Celiprolol C. Acebutolol D. Metoprolol
Last Answer : C. Acebutolol
Last Answer : A. Carvedilol
Description : In a patient of myocardial infarction, β adrenergic blockers are used with the following aim/aims: A. To reduce the incidence of reinfarction B. To prevent cardiac arrhythmias C. To limit size of the infarct D. All of the above
Description : Select the β adrenergic blocker that is primarily eliminated unchanged by renal excretion: A. Propranolol B. Metoprolol C. Esmolol D. Atenolol
Last Answer : D. Atenolol
Description : Esmolol has the following features except: A. Rapidly developing, shortlasting β adrenergic blockade B. Cardioselectivity of action C. Intrinsic sympathomimetic activity D. Suitability for intraoperative use
Last Answer : C. Intrinsic sympathomimetic activity
Description : Select the ultrashort acting cardioselective β adrenergic blocker: A. Bisoprolol B. Timolol C. Sotalol D. Esmolol
Last Answer : D. Esmolol
Description : β-adrenergic blockers are indicated in the following conditions except: A. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy B. Congestive heart failure C. Vasospastic angina pectoris D. Dissecting aortic aneurysm
Last Answer : C. Vasospastic angina pectoris
Description : The following disease is worsened by propranolol: A. Glaucoma B. Raynaud’s disease C. Benign prostatic hypertrophy D. Parkinsonism
Last Answer : B. Raynaud’s disease
Description : Select the drug which can impair carbohydrate tolerance in prediabetics but prolongs insulin hypoglycaemia: A. Salbutamol B. Propranolol C. Prazosin D. Nifedipine
Last Answer : B. Propranolol
Description : The β adrenergic blocker having β1 selectivity, intrinsic sympathomimetic activity and membrane stabilizing property is: A. Carvedilol B. Atenolol C. Acebutolol D. Metoprolol
Description : Select the drug which is administered orally for erectile dysfunction in men: A. Yohimbine B. Papaverine C. Alprostadil D. Sildenafil
Last Answer : D. Sildenafil
Description : What is true of sildenafil: A. It enhances sexual enjoyment in normal men B. It delays ejaculation C. It improves penile tumescence in men with erectile dysfunction D. It blocks cavernosal α2 adrenoceptors
Last Answer : C. It improves penile tumescence in men with erectile dysfunction
Description : Which of the following is a selective α1A receptor blocker that affords symptomatic relief in benign prostatic hypertrophy without producing significant fall in blood pressure: A. Terazosin B. Doxazosin C. Trimazosin D. Tamsulosin
Last Answer : D. Tamsulosin
Description : The primary reason for preferring phentolamine as the α adrenergic blocker for performing diagnostic test for pheochromocytoma is: A. It produces rapid and short lasting α-adrenergic blockade B. It equally ... It is the most potent α blocker D. It has no additional β adrenergic blocking property
Last Answer : A. It produces rapid and short lasting α-adrenergic blockade
Description : The drug which produces vasoconstriction despite being an α adrenergic blocker is: A. Phenoxybenzamine B. Ergotamine C. Dihydroergotoxine D. Tolazoline
Last Answer : B. Ergotamine
Description : The nonselective α adrenergic blockers produce the following actions except: A. Postural hypotension B. Bradycardia C. Miosis D. Inhibition of ejaculation
Last Answer : B. Bradycardia