A 40 years old multiparous woman complains of involuntary loss of urine associated with coughing, laughing, lifting or standing. The history is most suggestive of:  
a) Fistula.
b) Stress incontinence.
c) Urge incontinence.
d) Urethral diverticulum.
e) Urinary tract infection.

1 Answer

Answer :

b) Stress incontinence.

Related questions

Description : Women complaining of milky whitish discharge with fishy odour. No history of itching. Most likely diagnosis is: a) Bacterial vaginosis. b) Trichomoniasis. c) Candidiasis. d) Malignancy. e) Urinary tract infection.

Last Answer : a) Bacterial vaginosis.

Description : Which of the following types of incontinence refers to involuntary loss of urine through an intact urethra as a result of a sudden increase in intra-abdominal pressure? a) Stress Stress ... the involuntary loss of urine due to involuntary urethral relaxation in the absence of normal sensations.

Last Answer : a) Stress Stress incontinence may occur with sneezing and coughing.

Description : A 28 year old patient complains of amenorrhea after having dilatation and curettage. The most likely diagnosis is: a) Kallman’s Syndrome. b) Turner’s Syndrome. c) Asherman’s Syndrome. d) Pelvic inflammatory disease. e) Anorexia nervosa.

Last Answer : c) Asherman’s Syndrome.

Description : The most common cause of vesicovaginal fistula (VVF) in under developed countries would be: a) Obstetrical injuries. b) Pelvic irradiation. c) Carcinoma . d) Haemorrhoidectomy. e) Operative injury.

Last Answer : a) Obstetrical injuries.

Description : The most common cause of rectovaginal fistula is: a) Obstetrical. b) Irradiation of the pelvis. c) Carcinoma. d) Crohn’s disease. e) Endometriosis.

Last Answer : a) Obstetrical.

Description : 28 years old woman with previous history of having baby with Down's Syndrome is now 12 weeks pregnant. Which of the following would you suggest to her: a) Amniocentesis. b) Obstetric ... sampling. d) Fetal blood sampling. e) Wait till eighteen weeks for detailed ultrasound and amniocentesis.

Last Answer : c) Chorionic villus sampling.

Description : A 63 years old lady presents with abdominal mass and weight loss, was diagnosed as having an ovarian tumour. The most common ovarian tumour in this woman would be: a) Epithelial tumour. b) Germ cell tumour. c) Stromal tumour. d) Sex cord tumour. e) Trophoblastic tumour.

Last Answer : a) Epithelial tumour.

Description : Which of the following is a reversible cause of urinary incontinence in the older adult? a) Constipation. Constipation is a reversible cause of urinary incontinence in the older adult. Other ... level in the menopausal woman is a reversible cause of urinary incontinence in the older woman.

Last Answer : a) Constipation. Constipation is a reversible cause of urinary incontinence in the older adult. Other reversible causes include acute urinary tract infection, infection elsewhere in the body, decreased ... a change in a chronic disease pattern, and decreased estrogen levels in the menopausal women.

Description : A large cystic ovarian tumour is detected in a woman on routine antenatal check up. The most common complication she can encounter is: a) Torsion. b) Rupture. c) Haemorrhage. d) Degeneration. e) Infection.

Last Answer : a) Torsion.

Description : A newly married girl comes to gynae OPD with history of dysuria, burning, micturition and sore perineum. What is your likely diagnosis: a) Trichomonas vaginalis. b) Candida infection. c) Trauma due to coitus. d) Honey moon cystitis. e) Genital herpes.

Last Answer : d) Honey moon cystitis.

Description : 56 years old woman has come to you with the complaints of hot flushes irritability, joint pains with lack of sleep. Most appropriate treatment would be: a) Hysterectomy. b) ... Combined oestrogen, progesterone preparations. d) Phytooestrogens. e) Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMS).

Last Answer : c) Combined oestrogen, progesterone preparations.

Description : 58 years old woman has presented with complaints of postmenopausal bleeding for the past two weeks. The most essential investigation would be: a) Colposcopy. b) Pap smear. c) Cone biopsy. d) D & C (dilatation & Curettage). e) Hysteroscopy

Last Answer : d) D & C (dilatation & Curettage).

Description : A 28 years old woman has 14 weeks size irregular uterus. She does not complain of abdominal pain or menorrhagia. Her pap smear is normal. The best next step in her management would be: a) Continued observation. b) Endometrial biopsy. c) Hysterectomy. d) Pelvic ultrasonography. e) Laparoscopy.

Last Answer : continued observation is required in such a case as the patient is stable

Description : A longitudinal tear or ulceration in the lining of the anal canal is termed a (an) a) anal fissure. Fissures are usually caused by the trauma of passing a large, firm stool or from persistent ... beside the anus. d) hemorrhoid. A hemorrhoid is a dilated portion of vein in the anal canal.

Last Answer : a) anal fissure. Fissures are usually caused by the trauma of passing a large, firm stool or from persistent tightening of the anal canal secondary to stress or anxiety (leading to constipation).

Description : Second degree uterovaginal prolapse is characterized by: a) Complete protrusion of uterus outside introitus. b) Descent of genital tract within vagina. c) Descent of genital tract upto introitus. d) Descent of genital tract outside the introitus. e) Descent of cervix below the ischeal spines.

Last Answer : d) Descent of genital tract outside the introitus.

Description : a 20 year old medical student presents with five years history of weight gain, irregular periods and worsening fascial hair. What is the most likely diagnosis? a) Polycystic ovarian disease. b) Hypothyroidism. c) Obesity. d) Cushing’s Syndrome. e) Nephrotic Syndrome.

Last Answer : a) Polycystic ovarian disease.

Description : Choose the relatively vasicoselective anticholinergic drug used for urinary frequency and urge incontinence due to detrusor instability: A. Pirenzepine B. Oxybutynin C. Oxyphenonium D. Glycopyrolate

Last Answer : B. Oxybutynin

Description : Choose the relatively vasicoselective anticholinergic drug used for urinary frequency and urge incontinence due to detrusor instability: A. Pirenzepine B. Oxybutynin C. Oxyphenonium D. Glycopyrolate

Last Answer : B. Oxybutynin

Description : Mean age for menopause is: a) 40 years. b) 45 years. c) 51 years. d) 48 years. e) 39 years

Last Answer : c) 51 years.

Description : Choose the correct statement in relation to treatment of urinary tract infection (UTI): A. Majority of UTIs are caused by gram positive bacteria B. Smaller doses of the antimicrobial agent ... drug gets concentrated in urine D. Most acute UTIs are treated with a combination antimicrobial regimen

Last Answer : B. Smaller doses of the antimicrobial agent suffice for lower UTI

Description : A patient presents with long time history of knee pain suggestive of osteoarthritis. Now he complains of unilateral lower limb swelling and on examination there is +ve pedal & tibial pitting edema ... appropriate investigation? a. CXR b. ECG c. Echocardiography d. Duplex ultrasound of lower limb

Last Answer : d. Duplex ultrasound of lower limb

Description : The most likely cause of abnormal uterine bleeding in 13 years old girl is: a) Uterine cancer. b) Ectopic pregnancy. c) Anovulation. d) Systemic bleeding diatheses. e) Trauma.

Last Answer : The correct answer to the question is (c) because a 13 year old girl experiencing abnormal uterine bleeding is likely not ovulating, hence the irregular bleeding pattern, which is common ... release during the cycle. Young girls who experience very heavy bleeding warrant urgent medical treatment

Description : A 28 years old G3 P2 has presented with complaints of brownish vaginal discharge, passage of vesicles and excessive vomiting. Ultrasound scan shows snowstorm appearance in uterus with no fetus. The ... Twin pregnancy. c) Gestational trophoblastic disease. d) Ectopic pregnancy. e) Fibroid uterus.

Last Answer : The answer is most likely (a) a septic abortion, because the young lady is presenting with symptoms of a serious uterine infection that is discoloring her normal uterine disharge due to the presence ... or a passige of vesicles alongside the absence of a fetus on the ultrasound, hence the abortion.

Description : A 39 years old women Para 6 has presented with complaint of post coital bleeding for the past three months. Your first investigation should be: a) Dilatation & Curettage. b) Cone biopsy of cervix. c) Pap smear. d) Colposcopy. e) Laparoscopy.

Last Answer : c) Pap smear.

Description : A 25 years old school teacher Para 1 wants to use oral contraceptive pills for contraception. She is asking about the mode of action of oral contraceptive pills. The mechanism of action of ... atrophy. c) Increasing cervical mucous hostility. d) Inducing endometritis. e) Inhibiting prolactin.

Last Answer : a) Inhibiting ovulation by suppression of serum FSH.

Description : A young girl, 23 years old is presented with complaint of abdominal pain, menorrhagia and 18 weeks size mass arising from hypogastrium. The most likely diagnosis is: a) Endometriosis. b) Pelvic inflammatory disease. c) Ovarian cyst. d) Fibroid uterus. e) Mesenteric cyst.

Last Answer : d) Fibroid uterus.

Description : A 23 years old primigravida presents with abdominal pain, syncope and vaginal spotting. Assessment reveals that she has an ectopic pregnancy. The most common site of pregnancy is: a) Ampulla. b) Isthmus. c) Fimbrial end. d) Abdomin. e) Cervix.

Last Answer : a) Ampulla.

Description : The most effective treatment of pruritis vulvae associated with atrophic vulvitis is: a) Antihistamines. b) Hydrocortisone. c) Alcohol injections. d) Tranquilizers. e) Topical estrogen therapy.

Last Answer : e) Topical estrogen therapy.

Description : Through which of the following activities does the patient learn to consciously contract excretory sphincters and control voiding cues? a) Biofeedback Cognitively intact patients who have stress or urge ... functional incontinence. d) Bladder training Habit training is a type of bladder training.

Last Answer : a) Biofeedback Cognitively intact patients who have stress or urge incontinence may gain bladder control through biofeedback.

Description : Menarche usually occurs at age of: a) 8 and 10 years. b) 11 and 13 years. c) 14 and 16 years. d) 17 and 18 years. e) 18 and above.

Last Answer : b) 11 and 13 years.

Description : The maximum number of oogonia are formed at what age of female life: a) One month intrauterine. b) Five month intrauterine. c) At birth. d) At puberty. e) At 21 years of age.

Last Answer : b) Five month intrauterine.

Description : A patient receiving a class I antiarrhythmic agent on a chronic basis complains of fatigue, low-grade fever, and joint pain suggestive of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The patient is most likely receiving (a) Lidocaine (b) Procainamide (c) Quinidine (d) Flecainide (e) Propranolol

Last Answer : Ans: B

Description : A 43 year old, lecturer has come to you with complaints of heavy but regular menstrual bleeding with flooding and clots. There is no anatomical reason for heavy flow. The most effective ... ) Dilatation and Curettage. c) Depomedroxy progesterone acetate. d) Misoprostol. e) Ergometrine maleate.

Last Answer : a) Tranexemic acid.

Description : A 55-year-old renal transplant patient has been hospitalized in a Surgical Intensive Care Unit, receiving a prolonged course of antibiotics following an attack of acute cholecystitis. The ... suggest a dosage reduction in immunosuppressive agents until the infection can be adequately controlled

Last Answer : Answer: a, d Infections due to fungal pathogens have become increasingly common during the past decade, frequently occurring in patients undergoing prolonged hospitalization in the Surgical ... agents should be discontinued until evidence of infection is absolutely controlled or is eradicated

Description : Empiric therapy with chloramphenicol is valid in the following conditions except: A. Urinary tract infection B. Pelvic abscess C. Endophthalmitis D. Meningitis in a 4-year-old child

Last Answer : A. Urinary tract infection

Description : A 75-year-old man had been receiving gentamicin (an aminoglycoside antibiotic) to treat an urinary tract infection. After three months of therapy patient's serum creatinine levels were 10 mg/ ... Type II allergic reaction b)Type III allergic reaction c) Pseudo allergic reaction d) Overdose toxicity

Last Answer : d) Overdose toxicity 

Description : All of the following drugs are suitable oral therapy for a lower urinary tract infection due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa except (a) Norfloxacin (b) Trimethoprim-sulfamethxazole (c) Ciprofloxacin (d) Carbenicillin (e) Methenamine mandelate

Last Answer : Ans: B

Description : When caring for a patient with an uncomplicated, mild urinary tract infection (UTI), the nurse knows that recent studies have shown which of the following drugs to be a good choice for ... to be significantly more effective than TMP-SMX in community-based patients and in nursing home residents.

Last Answer : a) Levofloxacin (Levaquin) Levofloxacin, a floroquinolone, is a good choice for short-course therapy of uncomplicated, mild to moderate UTI. Clinical trial data show high patient compliance with the 3-day regimen (95.6%) and a high eradication rate for all pathogens (96.4%).

Description : Which of the following is used as an emergency contraceptive: a) Combined oral contraceptive pills. b) Progesterone only. c) Depoprovera. d) Levonorgestril (EM-Kit). e) Ergometrine.

Last Answer : d) Levonorgestril (EM-Kit).

Description : The most common symptom of endometrial hyperplasia is: a) Vaginal discharge. b) Vaginal bleeding. c) Amenorrhea. d) Pelvic pain. e) Abdominal distention.

Last Answer : b) Vaginal bleeding.

Description : Which of the following pubertal event would occur even in the absence of ovarian estrogen production: a) Thelarche. b) Menarche. c) Pubarche. d) Skeletal growth. e) Vaginal cornification.

Last Answer : c) Pubarche.

Description : Main uterine support is: a) Uterosacral ligaments. b) Round ligaments. c) Transverse cervical ligaments. d) Ovarian ligaments. e) Broad ligaments.

Last Answer : a) Uterosacral ligaments.

Description : Serum prolactin levels are highest in which of the following conditions: a) Menopause. b) Ovulation. c) Parturition. d) Sleep. e) Running.

Last Answer : c) Parturition.

Description : Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulates the release of: a) ACTH. b) Growth hormone. c) Leutinising Hormone (LH). d) Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). e) Opiate peptides.

Last Answer : c) Leutinising Hormone (LH).

Description : Normal duration of menstrual cycle is: a) 1-3 days. b) 1-4 days. c) 2-7 days. d) 7-10 days. e) 1-2 days.

Last Answer : c) 2-7 days.

Description : Which of the following is used to take cervical smear: a) Colposcope. b) Vaginoscope. c) Ayre’s spatula. d) Laparoscope. e) Forceps.

Last Answer : c) Ayre’s spatula.

Description : A young medical student has come to you with complaints of oligomenorrrhea, hirsuitism and weight gain, ultrasound reveals bulky ovaries with sub-capsular cysts. Most likely diagnosis is: a) Ovarian ... syndrome. c) Polycystic ovarian disease. d) Diabetes mellitus. e) Pelvic inflammatory disease

Last Answer : c) Polycystic ovarian disease.

Description : What are the symptoms of urinary tract infection ?

Last Answer : Symptoms of Urinary Tract Infection - 1. Bad smell in urine. 2. Nausea or vomiting. 3. Urine is dark yellow or reddish. 4. Severe pain in lower abdomen or back. 5. Urinating a little at a ... not feeling well. . Burning or pain when urinating. . Frequent fever with chills or shivering all the time.

Description : What to do in case of urinary tract infection ?

Last Answer : Drink plenty of water and follow the doctor's advice.