Diagram :
Functions of each block:
1) Transformer: It Converts an AC input source to AC required output without changing frequency. The transformer is step up or step down transformer.
2) Rectifier: It is a circuit which is used to convert AC into pulsating DC. A rectifying diode is used.
3) Filter: It is a circuit used to convert pulsating DC into pure DC. A inductor and capacitors are used as filter
4) Voltage regulator: An unregulated DC voltage is converted into regulated DC voltage. IC 78XX & 79XX series are used as regulator.
Transformer:- AC input voltage is applied to step down transformer which reduces amplitude of ac voltage to required level .
Rectifier: Reduced ac voltage is applied to rectified which converts it into pulsating dc voltage.usually bridge wave rectifier is mostly used.
Filter: Pulsating dc voltage is applied to filter which eliminates ac ripples from signal and convert it into pure dc.
Types of fiter:- C fiter,L filter,LC Filter,CLC Filter.
Regulator: The combination transformer ,rectifier and filter makes unregulated power supply.which gives unregulated power supply to convert it into regulated an regulating element is used which keeps output voltage constant.
There are four basic blocks of a d.c. regulated power supply. They are 1) Step down transformer 2) Rectifier 3) Filter 4) Voltage Regulator.
Functions of each block are as follows :
Step down transformer : Reduces 230 volts 50Hz ac voltage to required ac voltage level.
Rectifier : Rectifier converts ac voltage to unidirectional pulsating voltage. It may be a halfwave rectifier, a full-wave rectifier using a transformer with centre-tapped secondary winding or a bridge rectifier.
Filter : Filter is a circuit used to remove fluctuations (ripple or ac) present in rectifier output.
Voltage Regulator : Voltage regulator is a circuit which provides constant dc output voltage irrespective of changes in load current or changes in input voltage.