Schematic diagram of regenerative braking of D.C. series :-
Explanation of regenerative braking: During normal running, motors are connected in parallel with field winding in series w.r.t. armature as shown in figure A. At the time of regenerating braking all the armature are connected in parallel without series field winding and all series field winding are connected in series with external resistance & are separately excited as shown in fig.B At this time motor acts as a generator and excitation current is so adjusted that generated voltage (Eg) is greater than supply voltage (V), so that power will be fed back to supply. This process is continued up to the speed of train reaches up to 20 to 16 km/hr. after that it is difficult to maintain generated voltage greater than supply voltage. So, electric regenerative braking is stopped For final stop mechanical braking is applied. External Resistances are connected to limit the current.