Cell membrane damage can occur by C A. free radicals B. Phopholipase C. all of above D. None of these

Cell membrane damage can occur by
C
A. free radicals
B. Phopholipase
C. all of above
D. None of these
by

1 Answer

Answer :

all of above
by

Related questions

Answer: a, b, c, d Free oxygen radicals are chemical species that are intermediates in the normal process of cellular respiration. Oxidants that are free radicals have been implicated as initiators of reactions which lead to a variety of cellular injuries. Oxidants are derived from several sources, notably phagocytes. Among the effects of oxygen free radicals are membrane lipid peroxidation, DNA strand breaks, cytoskeletal disassembly and inhibition of glucose metabolism leading to decreased cellular ATP concentrations. (Figure 6-16) 187 Which of the following acute-phase protein levels are increased in human plasma following acute inflammation? a. C-reactive protein b. Serum amyloid c. a -Proteinase inhibitor d. Fibrinogen e. Albumin

Description : Answer: a, b, c, d Free oxygen radicals are chemical species that are intermediates in the normal process of cellular respiration. Oxidants that are free radicals have been implicated as initiators of ... a. C-reactive protein b. Serum amyloid c. a -Proteinase inhibitor d. Fibrinogen e. Albumin

Last Answer : Answer: a, b, c, d The acute-phase response is a series of homeostatic responses of the organism to tissue injury in infection and inflammation. After an inflammatory stimulus occurs, a number ... 30% to 50% of the level before injury. The reason for the decrease in production is poorly understood

Are "mines" a fitting metaphor for "free radicals"?

Description : Are "mines" a fitting metaphor for "free radicals"?

Last Answer : I would think of free radicals as a rusting of the body.

Arrange the following free radicals in increasing order of stability:

Description : Arrange the following free radicals in increasing order of stability:

Last Answer : Arrange the following free radicals in increasing order of stability:

Arrange the following free radicals in increasing order of stability:

Description : Arrange the following free radicals in increasing order of stability:

Last Answer : Arrange the following free radicals in increasing order of stability:

(A) Carbenes act as free radicals. (R) Only triplet carbenes act as biradical (divalent free radical).

Description : (A) Carbenes act as free radicals. (R) Only triplet carbenes act as biradical (divalent free radical).

Last Answer : (A) Carbenes act as free radicals. (R) Only triplet carbenes act as biradical (divalent free radical). A. ... IF (A) is incorrect but (R) is correct.

Arrange the following free radicals in order of decreasing stability: Methyl(I), Vinly(II), Allyl(III), Benzyl(IV)

Description : Arrange the following free radicals in order of decreasing stability: Methyl(I), Vinly(II), Allyl(III), Benzyl(IV)

Last Answer : Arrange the following free radicals in order of decreasing stability: Methyl(I), Vinly(II), Allyl(III), Benzyl(IV) ... gt III D. IV gt III gt I gt II

The increasing order of stability of the following free radicals is :

Description : The increasing order of stability of the following free radicals is :

Last Answer : The increasing order of stability of the following free radicals is : A. `(CH_(3))_(2)overset(.)CHlt(CH_(3)) ... (.)Clt(C_(6)H_(5))_(2)overset(.)CH`

Due to the presence of an unpaired electron, free radicals are:

Description : Due to the presence of an unpaired electron, free radicals are:

Last Answer : Due to the presence of an unpaired electron, free radicals are: A. chemically reactive B. chemically inactive C. anions D. cations

Which of the following orders regarding relative stability of free radicals is correct?

Description : Which of the following orders regarding relative stability of free radicals is correct?

Last Answer : Which of the following orders regarding relative stability of free radicals is correct? A. `3^(@)lt2^(@)lt1^(@)` B. ... (@)` D. `3^(@)gt2^(@)lt1^(@)`

Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning ischemia reperfusion injury? a. During ischemia, ATP degradation results in increased plasma and intracellular levels of hypoxanthine and xanthene b. Oxygen free radicals such as the superoxide radical are involved in the expression of the proinflammatory phenotype of endothelial cells, macrophages and neutrophils c. The intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAN-1) contributes to injury and disruption of the endothelial lining, with extensive capillary leak and resultant interstitial edema d. Animal models have demonstrated that passive immunization with antibodies to neutrophil adhesive complex lessen the ischemic/reperfusion microvascular injury

Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning ischemia reperfusion injury? a. During ischemia, ATP degradation results in increased plasma and intracellular levels of ... immunization with antibodies to neutrophil adhesive complex lessen the ischemic/reperfusion microvascular injury

Last Answer : Answer: a, b, c, d During the ischemia and hypoperfusion phase, degradation of ATP stores essential to maintain cell integrity and significant loss of diffusible ... either the neutrophil adhesive complex or the endothelial selectins dramatically lessens ischemia/reperfusion microvascular injury

Antioxidants help a person maintain good health because they (a) prevent the vitamins deficiency. (b) prevent excessive oxidation of glucose and other carbohydrates. (c) neutralise the free radicals formed in the body during metabolism. (d) activate certain genes in the body cells which help delay the ageing process.

Description : Antioxidants help a person maintain good health because they (a) prevent the vitamins deficiency. (b) prevent excessive oxidation of glucose and other carbohydrates. (c) neutralise the free radicals ... metabolism. (d) activate certain genes in the body cells which help delay the ageing process.

Last Answer : Ans:(c)

Hydrogen and chlorine react vigorously in the presence of light (explosively) due to the formation of (a) Hydrogen-free radicals (b) Chlorine-free radicals (c) Hydrogen chloride molecule (d) Both hydrogen- and chlorine-free radicals

Description : Hydrogen and chlorine react vigorously in the presence of light (explosively) due to the formation of (a) Hydrogen-free radicals (b) Chlorine-free radicals (c) Hydrogen chloride molecule (d) Both hydrogen- and chlorine-free radicals

Last Answer : Ans:(b)

Fermentation is a process of decomposition of an organic compound by (1) catalysts (2) enzymes (3) carbanions (4) free radicals

Description : Fermentation is a process of decomposition of an organic compound by (1) catalysts (2) enzymes (3) carbanions (4) free radicals

Last Answer : (2) enzymes Explanation: Fermentation in food processing typically is the conversion of carbohydrates to alcohols and carbon dioxide or organic acids using yeasts, bacteria, or a combination there ... to lactic acid. Alcoholic fermentation follows the same enzymatic pathway for the first 10 steps.

Addition polymerisation takes place either by a free radical mechanism or ionic mechanism depending on the reagents used. Free radical polymerisation is catalyzed by __________, which decompose to give free radicals. (A) Organic peroxides (B) Sulphuric acid (C) Hydrofluoric acid (D) None of these

Description : Addition polymerisation takes place either by a free radical mechanism or ionic mechanism depending on the reagents used. Free radical polymerisation is catalyzed by __________, which decompose to give free radicals. (A) Organic peroxides (B) Sulphuric acid (C) Hydrofluoric acid (D) None of these

Last Answer : (A) Organic peroxides

H2O2 is precursor of A A. free radicals B. Enzyme C. Both D. None of these

Description : H2O2 is precursor of A A. free radicals B. Enzyme C. Both D. None of these

Last Answer : free radicals

Characteristic reactions of aromatic hydrocarbons are initiated by (a) Electrophiles (b) Nucleophiles (c) Free radicals (d) Uncharged molecules

Description : Characteristic reactions of aromatic hydrocarbons are initiated by (a) Electrophiles (b) Nucleophiles (c) Free radicals (d) Uncharged molecules

Last Answer : Electrophiles

An aqueous solution of glycine is neutral because of the formation of : (a) Carbanion (b) Zwitterion (c) Carbonium ions (d) Free radicals

Description : An aqueous solution of glycine is neutral because of the formation of : (a) Carbanion (b) Zwitterion (c) Carbonium ions (d) Free radicals

Last Answer : Zwitterion

The mechanism of dehydration of an alcohol to give an ether involves formation of (a) Carbonium ions(b) Carbanions(c) Free radicals(d) Carbenes:

Description : The mechanism of dehydration of an alcohol to give an ether involves formation of : (a) Carbonium ions (b) Carbanions (c) Free radicals (d) Carbenes

Last Answer : Carbonium ions

The mechanism of dehydration of an alcohol to give an alkene involves formation of : (a) Carbonium ions (b) Carbanions (c) Free radicals (d) Carbenes

Description : The mechanism of dehydration of an alcohol to give an alkene involves formation of : (a) Carbonium ions (b) Carbanions (c) Free radicals (d) Carbenes

Last Answer : Carbonium ions

Chlorine free radicals react with methane by : (a) donating their free-radical electron to methane to form chloromethane. (b) abstracting a hydrogen atom from methane, and producing HCl and a methyl radical. (c) forming a carbanion intermediate that rapidly dissociates to produce chloromethane. (d) forming a carbonium ion intermediate that rapidly dissociates to form chloromethane

Description : Chlorine free radicals react with methane by : (a) donating their free-radical electron to methane to form chloromethane. (b) abstracting a hydrogen atom from methane, and producing ... produce chloromethane. (d) forming a carbonium ion intermediate that rapidly dissociates to form chloromethane

Last Answer : abstracting a hydrogen atom from methane, and producing HCl and a methyl radical

In the chlorination of alkanes, the first step in which chlorine free radicals are produced is called (a) initiation(b) activation(c) propagation(d) deactivation:

Description : In the chlorination of alkanes, the first step in which chlorine free radicals are produced is called : (a) initiation (b) activation (c) propagation (d) deactivation

Last Answer : initiation

Homolytic fission of covalent bond between carbon atoms will produce : (a) Two carbonium ions (b) Two molecules (c) Free radicals (d) Carbonium ion and carbanion

Description : Homolytic fission of covalent bond between carbon atoms will produce : (a) Two carbonium ions (b) Two molecules (c) Free radicals (d) Carbonium ion and carbanion

Last Answer : Free radicals

Homolytic fission of C–C bond leads to the formation of : (a) Free radicals (b) Carbonium ions (c) Carbanions (d) None of these

Description : Homolytic fission of C–C bond leads to the formation of : (a) Free radicals (b) Carbonium ions (c) Carbanions (d) None of these

Last Answer : Free radicals

When radiation breaks an electron pair bond in a molecule and each fragment of the molecule gets one of the bond electrons, the molecular fragments that are formed are called: w) ions x) free radicals y) stable molecules z) gases

Description : When radiation breaks an electron pair bond in a molecule and each fragment of the molecule gets one of the bond electrons, the molecular fragments that are formed are called: w) ions x) free radicals y) stable molecules z) gases

Last Answer : ANSWER: X -- FREE RADICALS

Fermentation is a process of decomposition of an organic compound by : (1) catalysts (2) enzymes (3) carbanions (4) free radicals

Description : Fermentation is a process of decomposition of an organic compound by : (1) catalysts (2) enzymes (3) carbanions (4) free radicals

Last Answer : enzymes

Which of the following statements are true of oxidants? A. In addition to their pathophysiologic roles in inflammation, injury, and infection, oxidants also have physiologic roles. B. Oxidants may be generated from activated neutrophils and during reperfusion following a period of ischemia. C. The deleterious effects of oxidants include lipid peroxidation and cell membrane damage, oxidative damage to DNA, and inhibition of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis. D. The mechanism of ischemia-reperfusion injury involved the catalytic production of superoxide anion (O 2•) by the enzyme xanthine oxidase.

Description : Which of the following statements are true of oxidants? A. In addition to their pathophysiologic roles in inflammation, injury, and infection, oxidants also have physiologic roles. B. Oxidants may ... involved the catalytic production of superoxide anion (O 2 ) by the enzyme xanthine oxidase.

Last Answer : Answer: ABCD DISCUSSION: Oxidants are reactive oxygen metabolites that have both physiologic and pathophysiologic roles. As potent oxidizing agents, oxidants are involved in cytochrome P ... leukocyte infiltration and activation, causing further tissue damage by the release of cytotoxic proteases

Bactericidal action of aminoglycoside antibiotics is due to: A. Inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis B. Alteration of bacterial cell membrane permeability C. Damage to bacterial cell wall D. Inhibition of bacterial oxidative metabolism

Description : Bactericidal action of aminoglycoside antibiotics is due to: A. Inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis B. Alteration of bacterial cell membrane permeability C. Damage to bacterial cell wall D. Inhibition of bacterial oxidative metabolism

Last Answer : B. Alteration of bacterial cell membrane permeability

Increasing evidence has implicated gram-negative bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS endotoxin) as the portion of the gram-negative bacterial cell membrane responsible for many, if not all the toxic effects that occur during gram-negative bacterial sepsis. The following statement(s) is/are true concerning LPS and the host response. a. The LPS molecule can in itself cause physiologic responses similar to that seen during gram-negative bacterial sepsis b. LPS triggers host macrophages to release a variety of cytokines including TNF-a, IL-1a, and IL-1b, IL-6, and IFN-a c. Excessive cytokine production is not associated with detrimental consequences d. TNFa and IL-1b appear to be the primary mediators within the host, exerting deleterious effects on the host when excessive amounts reach the syst

Description : Increasing evidence has implicated gram-negative bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS endotoxin) as the portion of the gram-negative bacterial cell membrane responsible for many, if not all the ... host, exerting deleterious effects on the host when excessive amounts reach the systemic circulation

Last Answer : Answer: a, b, d The LPS molecule exerts diverse effects on the mammalian host. Immunologic responses to LPS include nonspecific polyclonal B-cell proliferation, macrophage activation and ... deleterious effects on the host only after large amounts are secreted and reach the systemic circulation

The transport of proteins out of the cell is termed exocytosis. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning this process? a. Secretory vesicles fuse with the plasma membrane b. The process can occur in either a constitutive or regulated process c. A regulated secretion is triggered by a stimulus, most likely a hormone or a neurotransmitter d. A decrease in cytoplasmic calcium occurs as part of the secretion process

Description : The transport of proteins out of the cell is termed exocytosis. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning this process? a. Secretory vesicles fuse with the plasma membrane b. ... or a neurotransmitter d. A decrease in cytoplasmic calcium occurs as part of the secretion process

Last Answer : Answer: a, b, c Transport vesicles that bud off the Golgi network carry both material to be secreted from the cell and protein destined to become components of the plasma ... but may also involve generation of diacylglycerol or production of cyclic AMP which activate kinases or phosphatases

Cell recognition and adhesion occur due to biochemicals of cell membrane named (a) Proteins (b) Lipids (c) Proteins and lipids (d) Glycoproteins and glycolipids

Description : Cell recognition and adhesion occur due to biochemicals of cell membrane named (a) Proteins (b) Lipids (c) Proteins and lipids (d) Glycoproteins and glycolipids

Last Answer : Ans:(d)

Following processes can occur across the cell membrane at the same time. a. Osmosis b. Active transport c. Both d. None of them

Description : Following processes can occur across the cell membrane at the same time. a. Osmosis b. Active transport c. Both d. None of them

Last Answer : Both

Which of the following ribosomes are engaged in protein synthesis in animal cell? (a) Ribosomes which occur on nuclear membrane and ER (b) Ribosomes of only cytosol (c) Ribosomes of only nucleolus and cytosol (d) Ribosomes of only mitochondria and cytosol

Description : Which of the following ribosomes are engaged in protein synthesis in animal cell? (a) Ribosomes which occur on nuclear membrane and ER (b) Ribosomes of only cytosol (c) Ribosomes of only nucleolus and cytosol (d) Ribosomes of only mitochondria and cytosol

Last Answer : (a) poleward movement

Which does NOT occur in a cell stimulated by a steroid hormone? A) The steroid hormone enters the cell by crossing the plasma membrane. B) The hormone binds to a receptor molecule in the cytoplasm. C) The second messenger cyclic AMP is stimulated by the hormone-receptor complex. D) The hormone-receptor complex binds the chromatin and activates certain genes. E) DNA is transcribed, mRNA is translated, and the result is protein synthesis.

Description : Which does NOT occur in a cell stimulated by a steroid hormone? A) The steroid hormone enters the cell by crossing the plasma membrane. B) The hormone binds to a receptor molecule in the ... activates certain genes. E) DNA is transcribed, mRNA is translated, and the result is protein synthesis.

Last Answer : C) The second messenger cyclic AMP is stimulated by the hormone-receptor complex. D) The hormone-receptor complex binds the chromatin and activates certain genes.

Read the following four statements (A – D). (A) Both photophosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation involve uphill transport of protons across the membrane. (B) In dicot stems, a new cambium originates from cells of pericycle at the time of secondary growth. (C) Stamens in flowers of Gloriosa and Petunia are polyandrous.(D) Symbiotic nitrogen fixers occur in free-living state also in soil.

Description : Read the following four statements (A - D). (A) Both photophosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation involve uphill transport of protons across the membrane. (B) In dicot stems, a new cambium ... Petunia are polyandrous. (D) Symbiotic nitrogen fixers occur in free-living state also in soil.

Last Answer : (A) Both photophosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation involve uphill transport of protons across the membrane.

Describe the views of radicals. -History 9th

Description : Describe the views of radicals. -History 9th

Last Answer : Radicals wanted a nation in which government was based on majority of country's population. Unlike liberals, they opposed the privileges of great landowners and wealthy factory owners. They were ... the existence of private property but disliked concentration of property in the hands of a few.

Describe the views of radicals. -History 9th

Description : Describe the views of radicals. -History 9th

Last Answer : Radicals wanted a nation in which government was based on majority of country's population. Unlike liberals, they opposed the privileges of great landowners and wealthy factory owners. They were ... the existence of private property but disliked concentration of property in the hands of a few.

Superoxide radicals can be detoxified by (A) Cytochrome c (B) Superoxide dismutase (C) Both (A) and (B) (D) None of these

Description : Superoxide radicals can be detoxified by (A) Cytochrome c (B) Superoxide dismutase (C) Both (A) and (B) (D) None of these

Last Answer : Answer : C

Superoxide radicals can be detoxified by (A) Cytochrome c (B) Cytochrome b (C) Cytochrome a (D) None of these

Description : Superoxide radicals can be detoxified by (A) Cytochrome c (B) Cytochrome b (C) Cytochrome a (D) None of these

Last Answer : Answer : A

For its action, nitrogenase requires (a) high input of energy (b) light (c) Mn2+ (d) super oxygen radicals.

Description : For its action, nitrogenase requires (a) high input of energy (b) light (c) Mn2+ (d) super oxygen radicals.

Last Answer : (a) high input of energy

The apical meristem of the root is present (a) only in radicals (b) only in tap roots (c) only in adventitious roots (d) in all the roots.

Description : The apical meristem of the root is present (a) only in radicals (b) only in tap roots (c) only in adventitious roots (d) in all the roots.

Last Answer : (d) in all the roots.

The apical meristem of the root is present (a) only in radicals (b) only in tap roots (c) only in adventitious roots (d) in all the roots.

Description : The apical meristem of the root is present (a) only in radicals (b) only in tap roots (c) only in adventitious roots (d) in all the roots.

Last Answer : (d) in all the roots.

The most probable mechanism of action of mebendazole is: A. Depolarization of membrane and spastic paralysis of the worm B. Hyperpolarization of membrane and flaccid paralysis of the worm C. Loss of intracellular microtubules and inhibition of glucose uptake in the worm D. Tegument damage and leakage of contents of the worm

Description : The most probable mechanism of action of mebendazole is: A. Depolarization of membrane and spastic paralysis of the worm B. Hyperpolarization of membrane and flaccid paralysis of the worm C. Loss of ... inhibition of glucose uptake in the worm D. Tegument damage and leakage of contents of the worm

Last Answer : C. Loss of intracellular microtubules and inhibition of glucose uptake in the worm

Who must initially determine what level of damage would occur to information if unauthorized disclosure of the information occurred?

Description : Who must initially determine what level of damage would occur to information if unauthorized disclosure of the information occurred?

Last Answer : The Original Classification Authority

An important feature of maple syrup urine disease is (A) Patient can not be treated by dietary regulation (B) Without treatment death, of patient may occur by the end of second year of life (C) Blood levels of leucine, isoleucine and serine are increased (D) Excessive brain damage

Description : An important feature of maple syrup urine disease is (A) Patient can not be treated by dietary regulation (B) Without treatment death, of patient may occur by the end of second year of life (C) Blood levels of leucine, isoleucine and serine are increased (D) Excessive brain damage

Last Answer : Answer : D

Which of the following problems will occur if the circuit breaker of the incoming alternator is closed and it is 180° out of phase with the loaded alternator when paralleling? A. The rotor of the loaded alternator will hunt. B. Severe cross currents will occur which could cause damage. C. The rotor of the incoming alternator will stop. D. Both alternators will parallel 180° out of phase.

Description : Which of the following problems will occur if the circuit breaker of the incoming alternator is closed and it is 180° out of phase with the loaded alternator when paralleling? A. The rotor of the ... The rotor of the incoming alternator will stop. D. Both alternators will parallel 180° out of phase.

Last Answer : Answer: B

The following irregularities occur, they must invariably be noted in the Record officer’s daily report (a) Non-attendance or late attendance of a Sorting Assistant on the attendance day at the Record (b) Negligence on the part of a Sorting Assistant, as evidence by the number of complaints received against him, or by careless preparation of work-papers; (c) loss of Sorting Assistant’s metal token; or sorting list (d) loss of, or damage to any article supplied to the set; (e) All the above

Description : The following irregularities occur, they must invariably be noted in the Record officer's daily report (a) Non-attendance or late attendance of a Sorting Assistant on the attendance day at the Record (b) Negligence ... (d) loss of, or damage to any article supplied to the set; (e) All the above

Last Answer : (e) All the above

When does most printed circuit board damage occur?

Description : When does most printed circuit board damage occur?

Last Answer : During disassembly or repair.

Your activity stores its magnetic tape in an area where the temperature is 100º F. What two types of environmental damage could occur that would make these tapes unusable?

Description : Your activity stores its magnetic tape in an area where the temperature is 100º F. What two types of environmental damage could occur that would make these tapes unusable?

Last Answer : Head-to-tape sticking and layer-to-layer adhesion

What six types of environmental damage can occur to tapes in storage when the ideal temperature and humidity ranges are exceeded?

Description : What six types of environmental damage can occur to tapes in storage when the ideal temperature and humidity ranges are exceeded?

Last Answer : Tape deformation, oxide shedding, head-to-tape sticking, layer to-layer sticking, dirt build-up, and excessive tape and head wear.

Environmental damage to magnetic tape can occur when the tape is stored in an area that exceeds what ideal temperature and humidity ranges?

Description : Environmental damage to magnetic tape can occur when the tape is stored in an area that exceeds what ideal temperature and humidity ranges?

Last Answer : Ideally, use and store tape at 60 to 80º F and at 40 to 60% relative humidity.