Fermentation is a process of decomposition of an organic compound by (1) catalysts (2) enzymes (3) carbanions (4) free radicals

Fermentation is a process of decomposition of an organic compound by (1) catalysts (2) enzymes (3) carbanions (4) free radicals
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(2) enzymes Explanation: Fermentation in food processing typically is the conversion of carbohydrates to alcohols and carbon dioxide or organic acids using yeasts, bacteria, or a combination there of, under anaerobic conditions. Fermentation in simple terms is the chemical conversion of sugars into ethanol. Both alcoholic fermentation and glycolysis are anaerobic fermentation processes that begin with the sugar glucose. Glycolysis requires 11 enzymes which degrade glucose to lactic acid. Alcoholic fermentation follows the same enzymatic pathway for the first 10 steps.
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Fermentation is a process of decomposition of an organic compound by : (1) catalysts (2) enzymes (3) carbanions (4) free radicals

Description : Fermentation is a process of decomposition of an organic compound by : (1) catalysts (2) enzymes (3) carbanions (4) free radicals

Last Answer : enzymes

The mechanism of dehydration of an alcohol to give an ether involves formation of (a) Carbonium ions(b) Carbanions(c) Free radicals(d) Carbenes:

Description : The mechanism of dehydration of an alcohol to give an ether involves formation of : (a) Carbonium ions (b) Carbanions (c) Free radicals (d) Carbenes

Last Answer : Carbonium ions

The mechanism of dehydration of an alcohol to give an alkene involves formation of : (a) Carbonium ions (b) Carbanions (c) Free radicals (d) Carbenes

Description : The mechanism of dehydration of an alcohol to give an alkene involves formation of : (a) Carbonium ions (b) Carbanions (c) Free radicals (d) Carbenes

Last Answer : Carbonium ions

Homolytic fission of C–C bond leads to the formation of : (a) Free radicals (b) Carbonium ions (c) Carbanions (d) None of these

Description : Homolytic fission of C–C bond leads to the formation of : (a) Free radicals (b) Carbonium ions (c) Carbanions (d) None of these

Last Answer : Free radicals

Enzymes are organic catalysts used in the __________ reactions. (A) Chemical (B) Biochemical (C) Photochemical (D) Electrochemical

Description : Enzymes are organic catalysts used in the __________ reactions. (A) Chemical (B) Biochemical (C) Photochemical (D) Electrochemical

Last Answer : (B) Biochemical

Which two distinct microbial processes are responsible for the release of fixed nitrogen as dinitrogen gas (N2) to the atmosphere? (a) Aerobic nitrate oxidation and nitrite reduction (b) Decomposition of organic nitrogen and conversion of dinitrogen to ammonium compounds (c) Enteric fermentation in cattle and nitrogen fixation by Rhizobium in root nodules of legumes (d) Anaerobic ammonium oxidation and denitrification

Description : Which two distinct microbial processes are responsible for the release of fixed nitrogen as dinitrogen gas (N2) to the atmosphere? (a) Aerobic nitrate oxidation and nitrite reduction (b) ... fixation by Rhizobium in root nodules of legumes (d) Anaerobic ammonium oxidation and denitrification

Last Answer : (d) Anaerobic ammonium oxidation and denitrification

Many microbes can effect the chemical process of (a) Dehydration (b) Decomposition (c) Fermentation (d) Polymerisation

Description : Many microbes can effect the chemical process of (a) Dehydration (b) Decomposition (c) Fermentation (d) Polymerisation

Last Answer : Ans:(c)

Addition polymerisation takes place either by a free radical mechanism or ionic mechanism depending on the reagents used. Free radical polymerisation is catalyzed by __________, which decompose to give free radicals. (A) Organic peroxides (B) Sulphuric acid (C) Hydrofluoric acid (D) None of these

Description : Addition polymerisation takes place either by a free radical mechanism or ionic mechanism depending on the reagents used. Free radical polymerisation is catalyzed by __________, which decompose to give free radicals. (A) Organic peroxides (B) Sulphuric acid (C) Hydrofluoric acid (D) None of these

Last Answer : (A) Organic peroxides

Enzymes and catalysts similarities -Biology

Description : Enzymes and catalysts similarities -Biology

Last Answer : answer:

Which is not true about inorganic catalysts and enzymes? (A) They are specific (B) Inorganic catalysts require specific not needed by enzymes (C) They are sensitive to pH (D) They speed up the rate of chemical reaction

Description : Which is not true about inorganic catalysts and enzymes? (A) They are specific (B) Inorganic catalysts require specific not needed by enzymes (C) They are sensitive to pH (D) They speed up the rate of chemical reaction

Last Answer : Answer : B

Enzymes are different from catalysts in (A) Being proteinaceous (B) Not used up in reaction (C) Functional at high temperature (D) Having high rate of diffusion

Description : Enzymes are different from catalysts in (A) Being proteinaceous (B) Not used up in reaction (C) Functional at high temperature (D) Having high rate of diffusion

Last Answer : Answer : A

Proteinous substances which catalyze biochemical reactions are known as (A) Activators (B) Catalysts (C) Enzymes (D) Hormones

Description : Proteinous substances which catalyze biochemical reactions are known as (A) Activators (B) Catalysts (C) Enzymes (D) Hormones

Last Answer : Answer : C

Enzymes (a protein) are catalysts found in organisms. Its efficiency of catalysing a reaction is due to its capacity to lower the activation energy of the reaction. The enzyme ptyalin used for food digestion is present in (A) Blood (B) Saliva (C) Intestine (D) Gland

Description : Enzymes (a protein) are catalysts found in organisms. Its efficiency of catalysing a reaction is due to its capacity to lower the activation energy of the reaction. The enzyme ptyalin used for food digestion is present in (A) Blood (B) Saliva (C) Intestine (D) Gland

Last Answer : (B) Saliva

Pick out the wrong statement. (A) ****, *** & Vodka are prepared by the formulation of fruit juice, sugar beet & rye respectively (B) Protein catalysts are called enzymes (C) The rate of chemical reaction is independent of the concentration of reactants at high concentration of enzymes (D) Total sugar content in molasses is about 10%

Description : Pick out the wrong statement. (A) Wine, rum & Vodka are prepared by the formulation of fruit juice, sugar beet & rye respectively (B) Protein catalysts are called enzymes (C) The rate ... concentration of reactants at high concentration of enzymes (D) Total sugar content in molasses is about 10%

Last Answer : (D) Total sugar content in molasses is about 10%

What organic molecule function as a catalysts for chemical reactions in living organisms?

Description : What organic molecule function as a catalysts for chemical reactions in living organisms?

Last Answer : They are called enzymes, but there a probably billions of different enzymes. They are built from protein molecules decorated with sugars and sometimes include one or more metal atoms at their "active" site.

Organic catalysts differ from the inorganic catalyst in the sense that the former is (A) Active at cryogenic temperatures only (B) Prohibitively costly (C) Proteinous in nature (D) Active at very high temperature only

Description : Organic catalysts differ from the inorganic catalyst in the sense that the former is (A) Active at cryogenic temperatures only (B) Prohibitively costly (C) Proteinous in nature (D) Active at very high temperature only

Last Answer : (C) Proteinous in nature

Bacterial decomposition of biological material under anaerobic condition is – (1) fermentation (2) fertilization (3) contamination (4) composting

Description : Bacterial decomposition of biological material under anaerobic condition is – (1) fermentation (2) fertilization (3) contamination (4) composting

Last Answer : (1) fermentation Explanation: Fermentation is the process by which complex organic compounds, such as glucose, are broken down by the action of enzymes into simpler com-pounds in the absence ... carbon dioxide by fermentation. Fermentation is used to produce wine, beer, yogurt and other products.

Role of biotechnology in the production of food based on ------? A. Decomposition B. Respiration C. Digestion D. Fermentation (Answer) E. None of these

Description : Role of biotechnology in the production of food based on ------? A. Decomposition B. Respiration C. Digestion D. Fermentation (Answer) E. None of these

Last Answer : D. Fermentation (Answer)

Bacterial decomposition of biological material under anaerobic condition is (1) fermentation (2) fertilization (3) contamination (4) composting

Description : Bacterial decomposition of biological material under anaerobic condition is (1) fermentation (2) fertilization (3) contamination (4) composting

Last Answer : fermentation

The two enzymes present in yeast that are responsible for the formation of ethylalcohol from molasses in the fermentation process are

Description : The two enzymes present in yeast that are responsible for the formation of ethylalcohol from molasses in the fermentation process are

Last Answer : The two enzymes present in yeast that are responsible for the formation of ethylalcohol from molasses ... C. Zymase, diastase D. Invertase, maltase

Answer: a, b, c, d Free oxygen radicals are chemical species that are intermediates in the normal process of cellular respiration. Oxidants that are free radicals have been implicated as initiators of reactions which lead to a variety of cellular injuries. Oxidants are derived from several sources, notably phagocytes. Among the effects of oxygen free radicals are membrane lipid peroxidation, DNA strand breaks, cytoskeletal disassembly and inhibition of glucose metabolism leading to decreased cellular ATP concentrations. (Figure 6-16) 187 Which of the following acute-phase protein levels are increased in human plasma following acute inflammation? a. C-reactive protein b. Serum amyloid c. a -Proteinase inhibitor d. Fibrinogen e. Albumin

Description : Answer: a, b, c, d Free oxygen radicals are chemical species that are intermediates in the normal process of cellular respiration. Oxidants that are free radicals have been implicated as initiators of ... a. C-reactive protein b. Serum amyloid c. a -Proteinase inhibitor d. Fibrinogen e. Albumin

Last Answer : Answer: a, b, c, d The acute-phase response is a series of homeostatic responses of the organism to tissue injury in infection and inflammation. After an inflammatory stimulus occurs, a number ... 30% to 50% of the level before injury. The reason for the decrease in production is poorly understood

Antioxidants help a person maintain good health because they (a) prevent the vitamins deficiency. (b) prevent excessive oxidation of glucose and other carbohydrates. (c) neutralise the free radicals formed in the body during metabolism. (d) activate certain genes in the body cells which help delay the ageing process.

Description : Antioxidants help a person maintain good health because they (a) prevent the vitamins deficiency. (b) prevent excessive oxidation of glucose and other carbohydrates. (c) neutralise the free radicals ... metabolism. (d) activate certain genes in the body cells which help delay the ageing process.

Last Answer : Ans:(c)

The process of decomposition of organic matter is termed as

Description : The process of decomposition of organic matter is termed as

Last Answer : Ans. Humification

Which one of the following statements about PYROLYSIS, which is a process for solid waste treatment is incorrect? (1) It converts the waste into solid, liquid and gas of which the resultant liquid and gas can be used to produce energy. (2) The process occurs at a temperature above 430°C at atmospheric pressure. (3) The process occurs under high pressure at temperature above 430° C. (4) It is a thermo chemical decomposition of organic waste

Description : Which one of the following statements about PYROLYSIS, which is a process for solid waste treatment is incorrect? (1) It converts the waste into solid, liquid and gas of which the resultant liquid ... pressure at temperature above 430° C. (4) It is a thermo chemical decomposition of organic waste

Last Answer : (2) The process occurs at a temperature above 430°C at atmospheric pressure. Explanation: Pyrolysis is a thermo-chemical decomposition of organic material at elevated temperatures in the ... . Pyrolysis generally takes place well above atmospheric pressure at temperatures exceeding above 430 °C.

Which one of the following statements about PYROLYSIS, which is a process for solid waste treatment is incorrect? (1) It converts the waste into solid, liquid and gas of which the resultant liquid and gas can be used to produce energy. (2) The process occurs at a temperature above 430°C at atmospheric pressure. (3) The process occurs under high pressure at temperature above 430° C. (4) It is a thermochemical decomposition of organic waste

Description : Which one of the following statements about PYROLYSIS, which is a process for solid waste treatment is incorrect? (1) It converts the waste into solid, liquid and gas of which the resultant ... high pressure at temperature above 430° C. (4) It is a thermochemical decomposition of organic waste

Last Answer : The process occurs at a temperature above 430°C at atmospheric pressure.

The fruit when kept is open, tastes bitter after 2 hours because of (A) Loss of water from juice (B) Decreased concentration of fructose in juice (C) Fermentation by yeast (D) Contamination by bacterial enzymes

Description : The fruit when kept is open, tastes bitter after 2 hours because of (A) Loss of water from juice (B) Decreased concentration of fructose in juice (C) Fermentation by yeast (D) Contamination by bacterial enzymes

Last Answer : Answer : D

The processing of green tea involves brief heating of the freshly picked leaves. What could be the possible reason/s? 1. To retain green colour of leaves 2. To give it a special flavour 3. To denature leaf enzymes for preventing fermentation Which of the above reason/s is/are true? (a) Only 1 (b) 1 and 3 (c) Only 2 (d) Only 3

Description : The processing of green tea involves brief heating of the freshly picked leaves. What could be the possible reason/s? 1. To retain green colour of leaves 2. To give it a special flavour 3. To denature leaf enzymes for preventing ... reason/s is/are true? (a) Only 1 (b) 1 and 3 (c) Only 2 (d) Only 3

Last Answer : Ans:(d)

At very high concentration of enzymes, the rate of fermentation chemical reaction is __________ the concentration of reactants. (A) Independent of (B) Directly proportional to (C) Inversely proportional to (D) Proportional to the square of

Description : At very high concentration of enzymes, the rate of fermentation chemical reaction is __________ the concentration of reactants. (A) Independent of (B) Directly proportional to (C) Inversely proportional to (D) Proportional to the square of

Last Answer : (A) Independent of

Pick out the wrong statement. (A) Alkylation produces a larger iso-paraffin (having higher octane number) from the reaction of an olefin with smaller iso-paraffin (B) Catalytic alkylation processes use HF, AlCl3 & H2SO4 as Catalysts (C) All the alkylation processes use very high temperature (> 1000°C) (D) Gasoline having an octane number of 90 can be produced by alkylation process

Description : Pick out the wrong statement. (A) Alkylation produces a larger iso-paraffin (having higher octane number) from the reaction of an olefin with smaller iso-paraffin (B) Catalytic alkylation processes use HF ... (> 1000°C) (D) Gasoline having an octane number of 90 can be produced by alkylation process

Last Answer : (C) All the alkylation processes use very high temperature (> 1000°C)

What do you understand by the term Dark Fermentation'? (1) It is a method to dispose nu-clear wastes. (2) It is a method to produce methane from organic wastes. (3) It is a method to reduce COD in the atmosphere. (4) It is a method to produce Hydrogen as a fuel from waste water.

Description : What do you understand by the term Dark Fermentation'? (1) It is a method to dispose nu-clear wastes. (2) It is a method to produce methane from organic wastes. (3) It is a method to reduce COD in the atmosphere. (4) It is a method to produce Hydrogen as a fuel from waste water.

Last Answer : (4) It is a method to produce Hydrogen as a fuel from waste water. Explanation: Dark fermentation is the fermentative conversion of organic substrate to bio-hydrogen. It is a complex ... . Wastewater is used as a potential substrate for bio-hydrogen production in the dark fermentation process.

Production of alcohol from organic compounds by microorganisms is known as (1) Combustion (2) Fermentation (3) Anaerobic: respiration (4) Aerobic respiration

Description : Production of alcohol from organic compounds by microorganisms is known as (1) Combustion (2) Fermentation (3) Anaerobic: respiration (4) Aerobic respiration

Last Answer : (3) Anaerobic: respiration Explanation: The process of breaking down large molecules into simpler one in the presence of enzyme is called fermentation.

One of the major sources of organic compounds isNatural gas (b) Fermentation (c) Sea water (d) Atmosphere

Description : One of the major sources of organic compounds is Natural gas (b) Fermentation (c) Sea water (d) Atmosphere

Last Answer : Natural gas

What do you understand by the term ‘Dark Fermentation’? (1) It is a method to dispose nuclear wastes. (2) It is a method to produce methane from organic wastes. (3) It is a method to reduce COD in the atmosphere. (4) It is a method to produce Hydrogen as a fuel from waste water.

Description : What do you understand by the term ‘Dark Fermentation’? (1) It is a method to dispose nuclear wastes. (2) It is a method to produce methane from organic wastes. (3) It is a method to reduce COD in the atmosphere. (4) It is a method to produce Hydrogen as a fuel from waste water.

Last Answer :  It is a method to produce Hydrogen as a fuel from waste water.

Production of alcohol from organic compounds by microorganisms is known as (1) Combustion (2) Fermentation (3) Anaerobic respiration (4) Aerobic respiration

Description : Production of alcohol from organic compounds by microorganisms is known as (1) Combustion (2) Fermentation (3) Anaerobic respiration (4) Aerobic respiration

Last Answer : Fermentation

Consider the following carbanions : Correct decreasing order of stability is :

Description : Consider the following carbanions : Correct decreasing order of stability is :

Last Answer : Consider the following carbanions : Correct decreasing order of stability is : A. `II gt III gt IV gt I` B. ` ... gt III` D. `I gt II gt III gt IV`

Consider the following carbanions: Correct decreasing order of stability is :

Description : Consider the following carbanions: Correct decreasing order of stability is :

Last Answer : Consider the following carbanions: Correct decreasing order of stability is : A. II gt III gt I gt IV B. III ... II gt III D. I gt II gt III gt IV

Consider the following carbanions: Correct decreasing order of stability is :

Description : Consider the following carbanions: Correct decreasing order of stability is :

Last Answer : Consider the following carbanions: Correct decreasing order of stability is : A. II gt III gt I gt IV B. III ... II gt III D. I gt II gt III gt IV

Arrange the carbanions, `(CH_(3))_(3)bar(C),bar(C)Cl_(3),(CH_(3))_(2)bar(C)H,C_(6)H_(5)bar(C)H_(2)`, in order of their decreasing stability

Description : Arrange the carbanions, `(CH_(3))_(3)bar(C),bar(C)Cl_(3),(CH_(3))_(2)bar(C)H,C_(6)H_(5)bar(C)H_(2)`, in order of their decreasing stability

Last Answer : Arrange the carbanions, `(CH_(3))_(3)bar(C),bar(C)Cl_(3),(CH_(3))_(2)bar(C)H,C_(6)H_(5)bar(C)H_(2 ... (2)bar(C)HgtC_(6)H_(5)bar(C)H_(2)gtbar(C)Cl_(3)`

Which one of the following carbanions is the least stable?

Description : Which one of the following carbanions is the least stable?

Last Answer : Which one of the following carbanions is the least stable? A. `CH_(3)CH_(2)^(-)` B. `HC-=C^(-)` C. `CH_(3)^(-)` D. `(CH_(3))_(3)barC`

Arrange the following carbanions in decreasing orde of stability: `HC-=bar(C)(I)," "H_(3)C-C-=bar(C)(II),` `H_(2)C=bar(C)H(III)," "H_(3)C-bar(C)H_(2)(

Description : Arrange the following carbanions in decreasing orde of stability: `HC-=bar(C)(I)," "H_(3)C-C-=bar(C)(II),` `H_(2)C=bar(C)H(III)," "H_(3)C-bar(C)H_(2)(

Last Answer : Arrange the following carbanions in decreasing orde of stability: `HC-=bar(C)(I)," "H_(3 ... `IIgtIgtIIIgtIV` C. `IVgtIIIgtIIgtI` D. `IgtIIgtIIIgtIV`

The order of stability of carbanions is (a) primary > secondary > tertiary (b) secondary > tertiary > primary(c) tertiary > secondary > primary(d) tertiary > primary > secondary

Description : The order of stability of carbanions is (a) primary > secondary > tertiary (b) secondary > tertiary > primary (c) tertiary > secondary > primary (d) tertiary > primary > secondary

Last Answer : primary > secondary > tertiary

Are "mines" a fitting metaphor for "free radicals"?

Description : Are "mines" a fitting metaphor for "free radicals"?

Last Answer : I would think of free radicals as a rusting of the body.

Arrange the following free radicals in increasing order of stability:

Description : Arrange the following free radicals in increasing order of stability:

Last Answer : Arrange the following free radicals in increasing order of stability:

Arrange the following free radicals in increasing order of stability:

Description : Arrange the following free radicals in increasing order of stability:

Last Answer : Arrange the following free radicals in increasing order of stability:

(A) Carbenes act as free radicals. (R) Only triplet carbenes act as biradical (divalent free radical).

Description : (A) Carbenes act as free radicals. (R) Only triplet carbenes act as biradical (divalent free radical).

Last Answer : (A) Carbenes act as free radicals. (R) Only triplet carbenes act as biradical (divalent free radical). A. ... IF (A) is incorrect but (R) is correct.

Arrange the following free radicals in order of decreasing stability: Methyl(I), Vinly(II), Allyl(III), Benzyl(IV)

Description : Arrange the following free radicals in order of decreasing stability: Methyl(I), Vinly(II), Allyl(III), Benzyl(IV)

Last Answer : Arrange the following free radicals in order of decreasing stability: Methyl(I), Vinly(II), Allyl(III), Benzyl(IV) ... gt III D. IV gt III gt I gt II

The increasing order of stability of the following free radicals is :

Description : The increasing order of stability of the following free radicals is :

Last Answer : The increasing order of stability of the following free radicals is : A. `(CH_(3))_(2)overset(.)CHlt(CH_(3)) ... (.)Clt(C_(6)H_(5))_(2)overset(.)CH`

Due to the presence of an unpaired electron, free radicals are:

Description : Due to the presence of an unpaired electron, free radicals are:

Last Answer : Due to the presence of an unpaired electron, free radicals are: A. chemically reactive B. chemically inactive C. anions D. cations

Which of the following orders regarding relative stability of free radicals is correct?

Description : Which of the following orders regarding relative stability of free radicals is correct?

Last Answer : Which of the following orders regarding relative stability of free radicals is correct? A. `3^(@)lt2^(@)lt1^(@)` B. ... (@)` D. `3^(@)gt2^(@)lt1^(@)`

Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning ischemia reperfusion injury? a. During ischemia, ATP degradation results in increased plasma and intracellular levels of hypoxanthine and xanthene b. Oxygen free radicals such as the superoxide radical are involved in the expression of the proinflammatory phenotype of endothelial cells, macrophages and neutrophils c. The intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAN-1) contributes to injury and disruption of the endothelial lining, with extensive capillary leak and resultant interstitial edema d. Animal models have demonstrated that passive immunization with antibodies to neutrophil adhesive complex lessen the ischemic/reperfusion microvascular injury

Description : Which of the following statement(s) is/are true concerning ischemia reperfusion injury? a. During ischemia, ATP degradation results in increased plasma and intracellular levels of ... immunization with antibodies to neutrophil adhesive complex lessen the ischemic/reperfusion microvascular injury

Last Answer : Answer: a, b, c, d During the ischemia and hypoperfusion phase, degradation of ATP stores essential to maintain cell integrity and significant loss of diffusible ... either the neutrophil adhesive complex or the endothelial selectins dramatically lessens ischemia/reperfusion microvascular injury