With a neat diagram explain the construction of calendria type evaporator.

With a neat diagram explain the construction of calendria type evaporator.
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1 Answer

Answer :

Calendria type(Short tube) evaporator:

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Construction: It consists of vertical cylindrical shell incorporating short vertical tube bundle with horizontal tube sheet. Vapour inlet is provided at top cover while thick liquor discharge is provided at bottom. Downtake is provided at centre of tube bundle for circulating cooler liquid back to the bottom of the tubes. Solution to be evaporated is inside the tubes and steam flows outside the tubes in the steam chest. Baffles are incorporated in steam chest to promote uniform distribution of steam. The condensate is withdrawn at a point near lower tube sheet, while non condensable gas is vented to atmosphere from point near top tube sheet.

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