Define Transistor. State its type.

Define Transistor. State its type.
by

1 Answer

Answer :

Transistors are active electronic components made of semiconducting materials, which can amplify the electric signals by the application of a small input signal.

Types of transistors:

1. Unipolar Junction Transistors

2. Bipolar Junction Transistors


by

Related questions

Define α and β of the transistor.

Description : Define α and β of the transistor. 

Last Answer : α: The ratio of collector current IC to emitter current IE for a constant collector to base voltage VCB in the CB configuration is called current gain alpha (α).   β : The ratio of collector ... a constant collector to emitter voltage VCE in the CE configuration is called current gain beta (β) .

State reason BJT is called as bipolar junction transistor.

Description : State reason BJT is called as bipolar junction transistor.

Last Answer : BJT is called bipolar junction transistor because in BJT current conduction takes place due to majority as well as minority charge carriers.

Derive the relationship between α and β of a transistor.

Description : Derive the relationship between α and β of a transistor.

Last Answer : Relationship between α and β of a transistor :

Describe thermal runaway of transistor and explain how it can be avoided.

Description : Describe thermal runaway of transistor and explain how it can be avoided.

Last Answer : Concept of thermal runaway:  1.We know that  IC = β IB + (1+ β) ICO  Where ICO is the leakage current and ICO is strongly dependent on temperature. 2. Leakage current approximately doubles for ...   Thermal runaway can be avoided by : 1) Using stabilization circuitry 2) Heat sink 

List various transistor biasing methods.

Description : List various transistor biasing methods.

Last Answer : Types of biasing methods: i. Base bias (or fixed bias) ii. Base bias with emitter feedback. iii. Base bias with collector feedback iv. Voltage divider bias (or self bias) v. Emitter bias. 

Define with respect to FET:- (i) Static drain resistance (ii) Dynamic resistance (iii) Trans conductance (iv) Pinch-off voltage

Description : Define with respect to FET:- (i) Static drain resistance (ii) Dynamic resistance (iii) Trans conductance (iv) Pinch-off voltage

Last Answer : (i) Static drain resistance- It is the ratio of drain source voltage (ΔVDS) to the drain current (ID) at constant gate-source voltage. It can be expressed as, Rd = (VDS)/(ID) at ... of charge carrier and the value of drain current reaches its constant saturation value is called pinch off voltage.

Define following parameter of rectifier: (i) Ripple factor (ii) Efficiency (iii) Peak Inverse Voltage (iv) Transformer utilization factor

Description : Define following parameter of rectifier: (i) Ripple factor (ii) Efficiency (iii) Peak Inverse Voltage (iv) Transformer utilization factor

Last Answer : (i) Ripple Factor - Ripple factor (γ) may be defined as the ratio of the root mean square (rms) value of the ripple voltage to the absolute value of the DC component of the ... the same rectifier. Effective VA Rating of transformer is the average of primary and secondary VA rating of transformer.

Define PIV, TUF, ripple factor, efficiency of rectifier.

Description : Define PIV, TUF, ripple factor, efficiency of rectifier.

Last Answer : PIV: Peak Inverse Voltage (PIV) is defined as the maximum negative voltage which appears across non-conducting reverse biased diode. TUF : Transformer Utilization Factor (TUF) is defined as the ratio of DC output ... Efficiency of rectifier: η = DC output power/ AC input power = PLdc / Pac

Define Analog Transducer and give examples of it

Description : Define Analog Transducer and give examples of it

Last Answer : Analog Transducer: An analog transducer is a device that converts the input signal into a continuous DC signal of voltage or current. Examples: * Strain gauge * L.V.D.T * Thermocouple * Thermistor

Define resistor and draw symbol of variable resistor.

Description : Define resistor and draw symbol of variable resistor.

Last Answer : Resistor: A resistor is an electrical component that limits or regulates the flow of electrical current in an electronic circuit. Symbol of variable resistor:   

Define line regulation and load regulation.

Description : Define line regulation and load regulation.

Last Answer : Load regulation is the ability of the power supply to maintain its specified output voltage over changes in the load. Line regulation is the ability of the power supply to maintain its specified output voltage over changes in the input line voltage.

Define ripple factor and PIV of HWR

Description : Define ripple factor and PIV of HWR

Last Answer : Peak Inverse Voltage (PIV) or Peak Reverse Voltage (PRV) refer to the maximum voltage a diode can withstand in the reverse-biased direction before breakdown. Also may be called Reverse Breakdown Voltage.

Explain with circuit diagram, voltage divider biasing method and state its two advantages.

Description : Explain with circuit diagram, voltage divider biasing method and state its two advantages.

Last Answer : a)Here R1 and R2 forms voltage divider biasing arrangement. b)voltage drop across R2 ,forward biases the base emitter junction. c)so base current flows and hence collector ... Operating point stabilized against shift in temperature. · Operating point is almost independent of β variation

Sketch constructional diagram of LED and state its three applications.

Description : Sketch constructional diagram of LED and state its three applications.

Last Answer : Applications of LED: .Infra-red LEDs are used in burglar alarm systems. · For solid state video displays which are rapidly replacing CRT. · An image sensing circuit for picture phones. · In array of different types for displaying alpha-numeric characters. · Displays.

State advantages of MOSFET over JFET.

Description : State advantages of MOSFET over JFET.

Last Answer : ➨It can be operated in either enhancement mode or depletion mode. ➨MOSFET have much higher input impedance compare to JFET. ➨They have high drain resistance due to lower resistance of channel. ➨It is easy to manufacture. ➨They support high speed of operation compare to JFETs.

State any four applications of regulated DC power supply.

Description : State any four applications of regulated DC power supply.

Last Answer : * Amplifiers * Mobile Phone power adaptors * Regulated power supplies in appliances * Various oscillators

State the applications and specification of (i) Resistor (ii) Capacitor (iii)Inductor

Description : State the applications and specification of (i) Resistor (ii) Capacitor (iii)Inductor

Last Answer : Application of resistor: 1.Resistors are used in high frequency instrument. 2.Resistor is used in power control circuit. 3.It is used in DC power supplies. 4.Resistors are used ... DC Current  3.Electromagnetic Interference (EMI)  4.Magnetic Saturation Flux Density  5.Curie Temperature 

State different types of electrical signal and draw all types of waveforms.

Description : State different types of electrical signal and draw all types of waveforms.

Last Answer : Types of electrical signals 1) Sine wave 2) Triangular wave 3) Square wave Waveforms

State advantages of MOSFET.

Description : State advantages of MOSFET.

Last Answer : Advantages of MOSFET * MOSFETs provide greater efficiency while operating at lower voltages. * Absence of gate current results in high input impedance. * High switching speed. * They operate at lower ... due to lower resistance of channel. * They are easy to manufacture. * They are portable.

State the Barkhausen criteria of oscillations

Description : State the Barkhausen criteria of oscillations

Last Answer : Barkhausen's Criteria - To obtain sustain oscillation the loop gain AB = 1 and phase shift of feedback signal should be 00 or 3600 of an amplifier. it is called as barkshausen's ...  Wien bridge oscillator LC Oscillator  Hartley oscilator  Colpitts oscillator  Crystal oscillator

State the application of FET

Description : State the application of FET

Last Answer : Applications of FET : * As input amplifiers in oscilloscopes, electronic voltmeters and other measuring and testing equipment because high input impedance reduces loading effect to the minimum. * As Constant ... Used as Analog switch. * As a Voltage Variable Resistor (VVR) in operational amplifiers.

State the types of filters.

Description : State the types of filters.

Last Answer : Types of filters: 1. Capacitor input filter (shunt capacitor filter) 2. Choke input filter (series inductor filter) 3. LC filter 4. π type filter OR CLC filter 5. RC filter.

Draw circuit diagram for π filter and explain its working with waveforms.

Description : Draw circuit diagram for π filter and explain its working with waveforms.

Last Answer : Working of a Pi filter: In this circuit, we have a capacitor in parallel, then an inductor in series, followed by another capacitor in parallel. Capacitor C1 − This filter capacitor ... any ac component present in the signal to pass through it, which the inductor has failed to block.

Sketch construction of N-channel JFET and explain its operating principle.

Description : Sketch construction of N-channel JFET and explain its operating principle.

Last Answer : Construction of N-channel JFET: Working of N channel FET: a)when VGS is zero,ID flows because of VDS b)Now when VGS increases towards negative, depletion layer also increases on both sides. c)so VGS control drain current ID d)so it is called as field effect Transistor

Sketch circuit diagram of positive biased clipper using diode and explain its working.

Description : Sketch circuit diagram of positive biased clipper using diode and explain its working.

Last Answer : Positive Series Clipper with positive Vr. The following figure represents the circuit diagram for positive series clipper when the reference voltage applied is positive. During the positive cycle ... Hence the input signal that is greater than the reference voltage, appears at the output.

Draw O/P characteristics of CB configuration and explain its working.

Description : Draw O/P characteristics of CB configuration and explain its working.

Last Answer : In common base configuration, emitter is the input terminal, collector is the output terminal and base terminal is connected as a common terminal for both input and output. The base-emitter ... In this region, a small collector current flows called leakage current when emitter current is zero.

Draw the symbol of photodiode.

Description : Draw the symbol of photodiode.

Last Answer : Symbol of photodiode.

Sketch block diagram of an unregulated power supply and explain function of each block.

Description : Sketch block diagram of an unregulated power supply and explain function of each block.

Last Answer : Block diagram of regulated DC power supply:-  Explanation 1)Transformer 2) Rectifier 3) Filter 4) Voltage regulator. 1. Transformer:- Transformer can be step up ... a voltage regulator. Output of the regulator circuit will be constant voltage under all operating circumstances.

Draw the block diagram of regulated power supply, explain function of each block and draw waveforms of each stage.

Description : Draw the block diagram of regulated power supply, explain function of each block and draw waveforms of each stage.

Last Answer : 1. A step down transformer 2. A rectifier 3. A filter 4. A regulator Operation of Regulated Power Supply:- Step Down Transformer:- A step down transformer will ... regulator. A regulator will maintain the output constant even when changes at the input or any other changes occur.

With the help of N-channel JFET describe the effect of input voltage VGS on output current ID.

Description : With the help of N-channel JFET describe the effect of input voltage VGS on output current ID.

Last Answer : Working of N channel FET: * When a voltage is applied between the drain and source with a DC supply (VDD), the electrons flows from source to drain through narrow channel ... where the channel gets completely blocked and the drain current becomes zero is called pinch- off voltage. 

Describe strain gauge with labelled diagram.

Description : Describe strain gauge with labelled diagram.

Last Answer : A Strain gauge is a sensor whose resistance varies with applied force. It converts force, pressure, tension, weight, etc., into a change in electrical resistance which can then be measured. When external ... to the applied strain. So, the voltmeter can be calibrated in terms of strain or force. 

Give different types of IC.

Description : Give different types of IC.

Last Answer : 1. Analog IC 2. Digital IC 3. Thin and thick film ICs 4. Monolithic ICs 5. Hybrid or multichip ICs

List specification of BJT.

Description : List specification of BJT.

Last Answer : * The bipolar junction transistor (BJT) has small signal current gain, α (hfb). * Maximum collector current Ic (max). * Maximum collector to emitter voltage, VCE (max). * Collector to emitter ... . * Collector to emitter cut off voltage, VCEO. * Base emitter saturation voltage, VBE (sat).

Draw a neat circuit diagram of class F commutation

Description : Draw a neat circuit diagram of class F commutation

Last Answer : class F commutation

What is the need of UPS?

Description : What is the need of UPS?

Last Answer : 1) An Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) is used to protect critical loads from mains supply problems including spikes, voltage dips, fluctuations and complete power failures using a dedicated battery. 2)A UPS system can also be used as standby system when AC mains is failed.

Give the applications of IGBT

Description : Give the applications of IGBT

Last Answer : 1) AC and DC motor drives 2) SMPS 3) Inverters 4) Choppers 5) Solid-state Relays 6) solid-state Contactors

Describe the functional pin diagram of regulator IC 78XX and 79XX.

Description : Describe the functional pin diagram of regulator IC 78XX and 79XX.

Last Answer : IC 78XX: Explanation: 78XX series of IC regulators is representative of three terminal devices that are available with several fixed positive output voltages. It has three terminals labeled ... can also use 25μF aluminum electrolytic capacitor. Values given may be increased without limit. 

Describe working principle of LED with diagram.

Description : Describe working principle of LED with diagram.

Last Answer : Constructional Diagram: * Light Emitting Diode (LED) works only in forward bias condition. When Light Emitting Diode (LED) is forward biased, the free electrons from ... gallium arsenide and gallium phosphide the emitted photons have sufficient energy to produce intense visible light.

Sketch output characteristics of CE configuration. Show all the regions.

Description : Sketch output characteristics of CE configuration. Show all the regions.

Last Answer : Sketch output characteristics of CE configuration. Show all the regions.

Give the different types of amplifier coupling.

Description : Give the different types of amplifier coupling.

Last Answer : 1. Resistance – capacitance (RC) coupling.  2. Inductance (LC) coupling.  3. Transformer coupling (TC)  4. Direct coupling (D.C.)

Sketch symbol of NAND gate and NOR gate.

Description : Sketch symbol of NAND gate and NOR gate.

Last Answer : Symbol of NAND gate and NOR gate

Draw the symbols of Schottkey-diode and Varactor diode.

Description : Draw the symbols of Schottkey-diode and Varactor diode.

Last Answer : Schottkey-diode

Applications of diode

Description : Distributed under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike - CC BY-SA.

Last Answer : Lecture - 4: Applications of Diode Applications of diode: Half wave Rectifier: The single - phase half wave ... voltage appears across D2, therefore PIV rating of the diode should be 2 Vm. IIT ROORKEE

Diode operating point

Description : Distributed under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike - CC BY-SA.

Last Answer : Lecture - 3: Diode Operating Point Small Signal Operation of Real diode: Consider the diode circuit ... Fig. 7 IIT ROORKEE

Lecture-2: Diode

Description : Distributed under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike - CC BY-SA.

Last Answer : Lecture -2: Diode Temperature Effects: Temperature plays an important role in determining the characteristic of diodes. As temperature increases, ... ) and T1 and T2 are two arbitrary temperatures.   IIT ROORKEE

p-n Junction Diode

Description : Distributed under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike - CC BY-SA.

Last Answer : Lecture -1: p-n Junction Diode Diode: A pure silicon crystal or germanium crystal is known as an intrinsic semiconductor. There are not enough free electrons and holes in an intrinsic ... . Therefore, there is a flow of carriers and thus flow of current. IIT ROORKEE

Define junction field effect transistor (JFET) and give an example.

Description : Define junction field effect transistor (JFET) and give an example.

Last Answer : Junction Field-Effect Transistor: It is a semiconductor device having three terminals, namely Gate, Drain and Source, in which the current flow is controlled by an electric field set up by an external voltage applied ... : i) n-channel JFET and ii) p-channel JFET Examples of JFET: BFW 10, BFW 11 

Define α & β and derive the relation between (α) &) (β) of transistor.

Description : Define α & β and derive the relation between (α) &) (β) of transistor.

Last Answer : α : The ratio of output collector current IC to input emitter current IE in the CB configuration is called current gain alpha (α).  β : The ratio of output collector current IC to the input base current IB in the CE configuration is ... ( 1/β) + 1  hence 1/ α = (1+β )/ β  Therefore, α = β /(1+β)

Define biasing of transistor

Description : Define biasing of transistor

Last Answer : Biasing of transistor is the process that makes the base emitter junction of transistor always forward biased and collector junction reverse biased for achieving the faithful amplification .

In the illustrated amplifier, the base of the transistor is what type of material? EL-0022 A. N type B. P type C. metal oxide insulator D. alloy junction material

Description : In the illustrated amplifier, the base of the transistor is what type of material? EL-0022 A. N type B. P type C. metal oxide insulator D. alloy junction material

Last Answer : Answer: A